"Working in a different country has always been my personal and professional goal
along with the support of my mentor and manager
helped me turn this ambition into reality."
people often call me Ola (which caused some initial confusion with my Austrian colleagues
I’m currently in my second rotation of the Taste The Future Junior Management Program at the chocolate factory in Bludenz
where I work as a Vertical Start-Up (VSU) Leader and part of the project team
In my first rotation at the biscuits factory in Płońsk
contributing to projects like installing new case packer machines
and improving the over overall production processes in the plant
Relocating to another country is a significant decision
and how did you professionally and personally prepare
Working in a different country has always been my personal and professional goal
I was motivated to experience different working styles and cultures and to challenge myself in new and unexpected situations
I also saw this as an opportunity to expand my network and learn a new language
I couldn't imagine a better place for this journey than Bludenz
and Liechtenstein makes every weekend feel like a mini vacation
I took intensive German courses and had several calls with my future managers
I also had an amazing farewell party in Płońsk — my colleagues truly surprised me
Working across two different countries also means adapting to new ways of thinking and working
What new skills or perspectives have you gained in Bludenz that you hadn’t encountered in your previous rotation
One of the most valuable things I’ve gained is greater personal and professional confidence
Moving to a new country and working in a different language was challenging
but it taught me to focus on my strengths and learn from my mistakes without overthinking them
This has made me more adaptable and open to new experiences
even across cultural and language differences
Working in a chocolate factory has also been an incredible experience as a food technologist
The site’s process of producing chocolate mass directly from cocoa beans—a rare practice in the industry—has been truly inspiring
especially in such a historic plant in the heart of the Alps
Did you experience memorable team moments or local holiday celebrations in Bludenz that made your adjustment easier
A new colleague from work invited me to celebrate in Dornbirn
It was a fantastic opportunity to bond with my new team and experience the Austrian culture firsthand
Another fascinating tradition here is the Krampus parade
where characters dressed as Krampus—a demonic companion of Saint Nicholas—march through the streets to scare and entertain people during the Advent celebrations
Our team is planning to attend one of these shows together
With the holiday season often being a time of reflection
what have you found most rewarding about the Taste the Future Junior Management Program experience so far
The most fulfilling aspect of the program has been discovering new strengths and realizing my potential
I’ve learned to handle high-pressure situations and take responsibility for key project elements
Contributing to projects at various stages has sharpened my problem-solving skills and highlighted the importance of adaptability
Visiting suppliers and other plants to share best practices has broadened my technical expertise and provided valuable end-to-end exposure
Networking with professionals from different regions has been another critical benefit
and fresh perspectives—essential for continuous improvement
What advice would you give to other people who might be facing a similar transition
Be open to new opportunities and trust in your choices
It’s important to clearly understand your goals and communicate them effectively with your managers
discussing expectations for the second-year transition with my manager at the early stage of the program was incredibly helpful in shaping my path and staying aligned with my aspirations
Benchmarking with other factories was another key part of my development
Observing different roles and work styles broadened my perspective and provided valuable lessons I’ve applied to my career
do you have any personal holiday traditions that you brought with you to Austria
or new ones you’ll get back with you to Poland
and one tradition I deeply miss is eating “Rogale Świętomarcińskie” (St
These buttery pastries filled with white poppy seeds are a unique part of Polish culture
and I plan to share them with my colleagues in Austria next year
I’ll take back the tradition of celebrating with a giant pretzel filled with ham
and vegetables—a tasty and satisfying alternative to sweets
especially in a chocolate factory where they’re everywhere 😊
Make it with Passion – Love our Consumers and Brands
Make it Uniquely Yours – Do What’s Right at MDLZ
Connect with us by joining our Talent Community
you’ll be the first to learn about new opportunities tailored to your skills and interests
Whether you’re actively looking for a new role or just curious about future possibilities
our community is the perfect place to stay informed and engaged
Don't miss out on making your next big career move — sign up today
Israel's first Prime Minister and Defense Minister
David Ben-Gurion | Photo: Fritz Cohen/GPO
The birth date of David Ben-Gurion, Israel's first prime minister
has become the subject of unexpected controversy following a recent archival discovery
has been universally accepted as Ben-Gurion's birth date
a birth certificate unearthed in the archives of Płońsk
points to a different date entirely: February 18
This startling find came to light during a family history research project conducted by Dr
While delving into his connection to Ben-Gurion
Burstein stumbled upon two compelling pieces of evidence
In addition to the Płońsk birth certificate
he discovered a US entry form from 1942 that lists Ben-Gurion's birth date as February 16
1887 – just two days off from the Polish document
has vouched for the authenticity of the newly discovered birth certificate
her team concluded that the document was genuine
Kopenska noted that it was issued in 1924 at the family's request by Płońsk's chief priest
a historian affiliated with the Ben-Gurion Heritage Institute
offered a plausible explanation for the conflicting dates
She pointed out that birth date recordkeeping for Jews in Eastern Europe was often a complicated and imprecise process
It was not uncommon for Jewish families to deliberately provide incorrect dates to authorities
either to postpone conscription into the Russian Tsar's army or due to superstitions about warding off the evil eye
Ben-Gurion consistently maintained that he was born on the 17th of Tishrei 5647
during the Sukkot holiday," Donyets explained
"We have no reason to doubt his word on this matter."
Despite the questions raised by these newly discovered documents
the Ben-Gurion Heritage Institute remains committed to commemorating the iconic leader's birthday on October 16
in keeping with the date Ben-Gurion himself observed throughout his life
Publisher of Israel Hayom received the prestigious "Druze Community Honorary Award" for her significant contributions toward Israel's security and the..
A shoulder-fired LAW was launched a vacant residential apartment in Kiryat Ata in northern Israel
The Nova massacre survivor Mia Schem gave an interview to Channel 12
revealing that she was the one who approached..
Analysis
Archaeology
Blogpost
Business & Finance
Culture
Exclusive
Explainer
Environment
Features
Health
In Brief
Jewish World
Judea and Samaria
Lifestyle
Cyber & Internet
Sports
Diplomacy
Iran & The Gulf
Gaza Strip
Politics
Shopping
Terms of use
Privacy Policy
Submissions
Contact Us
The first issue of Israel Hayom appeared on July 30
Israel Hayom was founded on the belief that the Israeli public deserves better
more balanced and more accurate journalism
[contact-form-7 id=”508379″ html_id=”isrh_form_Newsletter_en” title=”newsletter_subscribe”]
“I can hardly remember a time when the idea of building what we used to call ‘Eretz Israel,’ or the Land of Israel
wasn’t the guiding factor of my life.”
In 2008 the nation of Israel celebrates its 60th anniversary as a modern state
and still relevant in Israeli and Mideast politics today
is the man who became its first prime minister
Ben-Gurion was born David Green (or Gruen/Gryn) in 1886 in Plonsk
the fourth child of Avigdor and Sheindel Green
a prominent member of the Jewish community
and the founder of a school for modern Hebrew
The young Ben-Gurion was introduced to Hebrew by his grandfather beginning in his third year
Avigdor Green was an early member of a society called Hibbat Zion (Love of Zion)
His regular meetings with the local members meant that “the Land of Israel” was a constant topic of conversation in the Green household
“It is no exaggeration to say that at three I had daydreams of coming to Palestine
I never thought of spending my life anywhere else.”
Herzl made a strong impression on Ben-Gurion: “One glimpse of him and I was ready to follow him then and there to the land of my ancestors.”
Understandably the boy suffered the loss greatly
saying later that life seemed meaningless at that time and that he was obsessed by feelings of human frailty
But after some years there was improvement: “When I was fourteen
I suddenly emerged from this tunnel to throw myself heart and soul into the Zionist movement.” Accordingly he and two friends founded a Zionist youth group to teach modern Hebrew
for “the great teacher who returned to Jerusalem from Babylon to rebuild the Temple.” Ben-Gurion explained
“There seemed to us marked affinity between Ezra’s mission and time and our own newly born hopes for Palestine.”
Biographer Shabtai Teveth makes an observation about the centrality of Ben-Gurion’s early years to his later psychology: “For Ben-Gurion
and what filled his early years occupied his world forever
The foundation for his life’s work was his formidable personality . . . : currents of tenderness and love
and the glimmerings of a dream of the rebirth of Israel all combined in a mixture miraculously suited to his mission.”
In 1906 the young Zionist emigrated to Palestine
taking up work as a farm laborer for the next four years
where the sight of the Western Wall brought on such extreme emotional agitation that he remained in the city for a week.” Ben-Gurion was usually adept at covering up his emotions
believing that their open expression was a weakness; in light of this proclivity
the emotional impact of the Western Wall is significant
By his own admission Ben-Gurion was irreligious
Even in his later years he demonstrated no great sympathy for the elements of traditional Judaism
though he quoted the Bible extensively in his speeches and writings—more than any other Jewish politician then or since
Yet a first visit to the Western Wall produced such an emotional effect that he was compelled to rest for a week
“Think of it [his first visit to the Wall] as a son meeting a father after a very long separation.”
The following year Ben-Gurion moved to Jerusalem to work for a friend who published a Zionist journal
“I somewhat reluctantly agreed to become a journalist,” he later recalled
“Perhaps one of the minor points influencing my decision was that the nub of Zionist activity in the country had moved from Jaffa to Jerusalem
in symbolic emphasis of our affinity with the city which had always been and was to become once more our capital.”
It was at this time that he adopted his new surname
He became Ben-Gurion (“son of a lion cub”)
a first-century democratic leader of the Jews
whom zealots killed for his moderation in the uprising against the Romans in 66 C.E
Thus his new name was appropriate in more ways than one: as Joseph Ben-Gurion had been a military leader in first-century Jerusalem
so David Joseph Ben-Gurion aspired to be a military leader in the 20th-century city
Apart from visits home and an interlude in Istanbul to study law
Ben-Gurion stayed in Jerusalem until deported to Egypt in 1915 by the Ottoman authorities
who were allied with Germany in the First World War
For years to come he told the story of one of their conversations
and it provides an important insight into his thinking about the Arabs
In simple terms it defined Ben-Gurion’s lifelong view
Ben-Gurion told Yahia about the deportation order
‘As an Arab I am glad.’” According to Teveth
“this experience laid the foundation of all his political thinking
the principle that as long as the Jews were in the minority in Palestine
they must be allied with the ruling power in the region
to enable them to stand up to the Arabs; this was more important to him than dialogue and understanding with the Arabs.”
Ben-Gurion’s position with regard to the Palestinian Arabs was solidified by the Arab Revolt of 1936
He came to believe more firmly that war was the only way to achieve the aims of the Yishuv
Peace agreements with the Arab population were only a means to an end
he believed that there could only be conflict until one side won decisively
Palestine was a British mandate set up by the League of Nations
but a 1937 British Royal Commission report recommended partitioning the land into an Arab and a Jewish state
Although Ben-Gurion had lost faith in the British over the years
his pragmatism led him to believe that a Jewish state of any size could become a power base for Zionist goals
his mindset was clear: “Erect a Jewish State at once
the British had retreated from the Royal Commission’s recommendations
and in need of Arab support in the Second World War
they now proposed that an Arab state alone be set up in Palestine
international opinion swung in favor of a Jewish homeland
especially when the full horror of the Holocaust became known
But by then Ben-Gurion had become convinced that whatever form the Jewish entity would take
In April 1947 Britain requested the transfer of its Mandate responsibilities to the United Nations
Very soon after the passage of the UN resolution in November 1947
Palestinian Arabs attacked the Jewish community
and within a few months the Jewish paramilitary force Haganah
began expelling Palestinians from entire villages and bringing in Jews to take their place
Based on interviews with Haganah leaders and Ben-Gurion himself
foreign correspondent Dan Kurzman later wrote: “The full impact of his lifelong obsession with the Bible struck with blistering force when it appeared that Jerusalem would fall to the Arabs and perhaps be lost forever to the Jewish state
Whatever happened to any other Jewish areas
the fount of the light to be cast unto the nations
He had agreed that it be internationalized as a temporary concession
and the next day fighting broke out between Arabs and Jews
By the time the various parties signed armistice agreements in early 1949
Jerusalem was a divided city: West Jerusalem was in Israeli hands and East Jerusalem and the Old City were under Jordanian control
“We declare that Israel will never abandon Jerusalem of its own volition
in the same way as we have not for thousands of years given up our faith
our national character and our hope of return to Jerusalem and Zion.”
In a December 1949 speech before the Knesset he referred to the city as Israel’s “holy capital city,” adding: “Jewish Jerusalem will never accept foreign rule
after thousands of its sons and daughters have for the third time liberated their historic homeland and redeemed Jerusalem from destruction and ruin.”
Ben-Gurion retired from politics for two short periods
He was reelected to the Knesset in 1965 as the head of a new party (Rafi) formed with his protégé Shimon Peres and Moshe Dayan
The party soon disbanded and rejoined Mapai
leaving Ben-Gurion as the only Rafi member in the Knesset
The day after Israel’s capture of the Old City in June 1967
Ben-Gurion visited the Western Wall accompanied by Peres
He noticed a tile sign in front of the Wall
which read “Al-Burak Road” in English and Arabic but not in Hebrew
It was a reminder of the prophet Muhammad’s legendary horse
left tethered by the Wall as the prophet purportedly took his journey to heaven from the famous rock above
Ben-Gurion looked at the sign with disapproval and asked if anyone had a hammer
A soldier tried to pry off the tile with a bayonet
but Ben-Gurion was concerned about damage to the surrounding stone
An axe was produced and the name on the tile carefully removed
The symbolism of expunging Arabic from the redeemed Jewish holy site was not lost on the surrounding crowd
“This is the greatest moment of my life since I came to Israel.”
records former deputy mayor of Jerusalem Meron Benvenisti
proposing “the demolition of the walls of Jerusalem because they are not Jewish.” Ben-Gurion believed that this would indicate continuity of Jewish control of the areas inside and outside the walls
He went on to suggest the building of “thousands of huts” all over the captured city to create “facts” on the ground
Ben-Gurion spoke of the captured city in terms of a cherished treasure and the redemption longed for through the centuries: “There is no doubt that the most important and dearest of all the territories which the valor of the IDF [Israel Defense Forces] has restored to our control is the Old City of Jerusalem and its surrounding area
to which the eyes of the entire world and especially world Jewry are turned.” But
“there is only one way to ensure for all eternity the Jewishness and Israeliness of Jerusalem and the surrounding area . . . —and not by the removal of non-Jews from this area
all that is and will be required of us is to improve the economic and social conditions of the present inhabitants
But as soon as possible we must also settle
and populate the Jewish Quarter in the Old City that was destroyed by the Arabs twenty years ago and all the empty and unpopulated areas to the east
with thousands and tens of thousands of Jewish families from the New City and from other parts of Israel and with Jewish volunteers from the Diaspora
“Only such an irrevocable fact of renewal and completion,” he went on
“will provide final and unquestionable permanence to the redeeming work of our glorious Army in the Six-Day War and put a stop to the debate going on in the UN since November 29
capital of the Eternal People from the time of King David and to the end of time
It is impossible to build a country in a permanent state of war
The end is the complete and full realization of Zionism.”
1936 (Quoted by Avi Shlaim, The Iron Wall)
That Zionist ideology formed the core of Ben-Gurion’s identity there can be little doubt
the importance of settlement in the land was central to his views
he left his pregnant wife behind in New York to return to Palestine
The Zionist cause overwhelmed everything else in his life
David Ben-Gurion retired for the final time in 1970 and died in 1973
David Ben-Gurion, Memoirs (1970)
David Ben-Gurion, Israel: A Personal History (1971)
David Ben-Gurion, Letters to Paula (1968
Meron Benvenisti, City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem (1996)
John Bagot Glubb, A Soldier With the Arabs (1957)
Dan Kurzman, Ben-Gurion: Prophet of Fire (1983)
Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict
Avi Shlaim, The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World (2000)
Shabtai Teveth, Ben-Gurion: The Burning Ground
Vision publisher and Middle East scholar David Hulme analyzes the events leading up to the 1948 war and the official founding of the State of Israel
Israeli political philosophy follows two main schools of thought: political Zionism and revisionist Zionism
one of the founders and the first prime minister of Israel
Detail from a mural of David Ben-Gurion on Warszawska street 6 in Płońsk
It was painted by Bruno Althamer and co-financed by Płońsk and the Israeli Embassy
And that’s true both figuratively and literally
The ones we have in mind concern a single man
For years the Historical Documentation Centre in Płońsk has been collecting documents and photographs associated with its world-famous citizen
and those materials reach far beyond the first two decades of David Grün’s life in Poland
donated a set of private photos showing the elderly Prime Minister Ben-Gurion
It’s no wonder why they were preserved so carefully – after all
as the title of his biography (published in Poland in 2018) says
they portray the “father of modern Israel” – indeed
perhaps more important reason why the family from Haifa preserved these pictures with such reverence
In one of them you can see the smiling face of a charming elderly woman
that he decided to move to the land of his ancestors
“Rachel’s and David’s feelings for each other were evident
so the girl’s mother made sure to sleep between them aboard ship [from Odessa to Jaffa] to avoid gossip” – writes Professor Anita Shapira
These two people from Płońsk remained dear to each other to the end
He spent his childhood in a wooden home typical for the residents of Płońsk at the time
and within just several dozen metres were houses of prayer known as batey midrash that served the needs of the Jewish community in Płońsk
Thanks to the inheritance received by David’s mother
his parents in fact owned two such houses right near the market square (on today’s Wspólna Street)
The Grün family lived in one and rented the other
In his memoirs written much later in Israel
Ben-Gurion fondly remembers the time he spent in the garden between the two homes
at the site where the future Prime Minister of Israel was born is David Ben-Gurion Square
boasting a small monument and a Tree of Remembrance
Monika Kopańska of the Historical Documentation Centre in Płońsk states that “we just don’t know under what circumstances the Grün family home ceased to exist
the Grüns sold their property in Płońsk and moved to Palestine
No more extensive information on this topic has survived”
David’s grandfather and father instilled in him the idea of Zionism
the Jews’ return to the land of their ancestors after nearly two thousand years of living in the Diaspora
that ancient idea began to be translated into concrete activities and social movements
Orthodox rabbis dreamed of returning to the Holy Land
prominently among them Zvi Hirsh Kalischer of Toruń
who published his ground-breaking work entitled Derishat Zion (Seeking Zion) in 1862
the rabbi from Białystok who was a generation younger
continued Kalischer’s thought and became one of the most influential leaders of the first Zionist movement
known as Hovevei Zion (the Lovers of Zion)
Zionism as a movement (and not only as an idea or efforts) emerged on two occasions
Superficial familiarity has it that Zionism began with Theodor Herzl’s activities and his publication of Der Judenstaat (The Jewish State) in 1896
the large-scale settlement of Jews in Palestine commenced over a dozen years earlier as part of Hovevei Zion – and is known as the First Aliya
religious Jews opposed to Hasidism’s rejection of the idea of establishing a new Jewish state in Palestine
joined the movement in significant numbers
was not only one of the first Lovers of Zion in Płońsk
Members of Hovevei Zion therefore met in the home where the future leader of modern Israel was born only a couple of years later
Within a few years the Lovers of Zion movement weakened due to the Sultan’s strong resistance to Jewish immigration to Palestine
the movement was later revived thanks to Herzl
widely known today as the Father of Zionism
the First Zionist Congress was held only a year and a half after the publication of Der Judenstaat
This time the mass movement drew the attention of crowned heads in Europe to the Diaspora’s increasingly strong aspiration to create their own state in the cradle of Hebrew civilisation
Ben-Gurion inherited his father’s attachment to religion
And this is why he understood Zionism as the fulfilling of profound
he zealously nurtured his dreams of living in a new Israel
To such an extent that in 1900 or 1901 as a thirteen or fourteen-year-old
ones who remained so for the rest of their lives – Samuel Fuchs
and Solomon Lewkowicz – established a club they called “Ezra”
With their future in Eretz Yisrael in mind
they gathered several dozen young colleagues around them and held classes at the synagogue on the language of the future Jewish State
The name “Ezra” requires no explanation for people versed in the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible
along with the Book of Nehemiah that follows it
Together they describe the return of the Jews to Palestine from the Babylonian captivity and the subsequent rebuilding of the state and restoration of Judaism focused on the Temple in Jerusalem
it is easy to understand the great disappointment and outright anger the young Zionists later felt when in 1903 they heard the news from the Zionist Congress that Theodor Herzl was considering the creation of a Jewish State not in Palestine
This idea caused a split in the Zionist movement
Ben-Gurion and his friends from Płońsk had no doubts: the homeland of the Jews must emerge in the historical Land of Israel – and not in Africa
During one of their get-togethers on the Płonka river late that summer
they solemnly vowed that as soon as possible they would move to Ottoman Palestine in order to build the new Israel
Ben-Gurion wrote years later that “significantly more [Jews from Płońsk] than any other city in the Russian partition” of Poland decided to leave for Palestine
“Ben-Gurion is the most outstanding figure in the history of this town
going on to warmly recall his many official visits to Israel
“we want to show how important this figure is for both Płońsk – and for Poland as a whole
Ben-Gurion is not showcased across our country
but in Płońsk we showcase him as often as we can
named after Ben-Gurion in Poland is found in Płońsk
The town is currently in the process of creating a new museum on the corner of the main square
It will include collections bearing witness to the five hundred years of Poles’ and Jews’ shared existence in Płońsk
a large part of the exposition will be dedicated to Ben-Gurion and the “Ezra” organisation
Pietrasik explains that “we would like to present him as a young man of incredible strength and imagination who was already busy creating the foundations of Zionism right here in Płońsk
he started that process together with his friends in Płońsk.” The mayor then adds
Already then he knew what he wanted in life
He knew that he wanted to create a Jewish state
He left Płońsk with enormous resources of enthusiasm
and energy – and that would last him for his entire life
The mayor says that “in revitalising the market square
This means marking every building that was owned by a Jewish family with their last name
We will show who lived here before the Holocaust”
The person who created what became one of the most modern states in the world and a regional power
can be found on the wall of a building where that person might have briefly lived (although it’s not at all certain)
built with very interesting arcades at the end of the eighteenth century
Today… its pale turquoise facade is dilapidated and crumbling
It is clear that the building has witnessed over two hundred years of Płońsk’s history
But it is also a witness to Israel’s history
in David Grün’s past in Płońsk – as in his later life as David Ben-Gurion – there are no false or grating notes on the ears – whether for the residents of Płońsk
it’s a beautiful and positive story of a man who decided to change the world
From the book: Ben-Gurion: A Political Life – David Landau Speaks with Shimon Peres
Jaroslaw Kociszewski is the editor-in-chief of new.org.pl
a Middle East expert and a former Polish media correspondent in Israel
Philip Earl Steele is an American historian long-based in Warsaw
Before turning to the history of early Zionism in 2012
he had done ground-breaking work on the Christianisation of Poland in the 10th century
Dear Readers - New Eastern Europe is a not-for-profit publication that has been publishing online and in print since 2011
and further the dialogue surrounding issues facing the states that were once a part of the Soviet Union or under its influence
But we can only achieve this mission with the support of our donors
If you appreciate our work please consider making a donation
The consequences of Russia’s invasion are visible not only in Ukraine
The Kremlin has set off or exploited a series of crises that face most European countries
New thinking is needed in policies towards Russia
in whatever form it will take after the war
Ukraine’s suffering goes well beyond the front line
With Russia’s invasion of Ukraine we now see our western values under siege
whether we consciously recognise it or not
The invasion by Russian forces of Ukraine from the north
south and east – with the initial aim to take the capital Kyiv – has changed our region
The situation with Russian threats towards Ukraine once again illustrates the high level of instability in our region
Only a year ago we witnessed the second Nagorno-Karabakh war between Armenia and Azerbaijan
It took at least 5,000 lives and significantly shifted the geopolitics in the South Caucuses
This special issue aims to honour the plight of Belarusians whose democratic choice made in August 2020 was shamelessly snubbed by Alyaksandr Lukashenka
a lot of work still remains for this country
And this is why Ukraine’s story is incomplete
30 years after the fall of the Soviet Union
Our societies are more polarised than ever before
which makes them more susceptible to disinformation
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed limitations and weaknesses in nearly all countries around the world
volatility and the relationship between Russia and the West
The Black Sea region is quickly becoming a geopolitical battleground which is gaining the interest of major powers
regional players and smaller countries – and the stakes are only getting higher
This issue is dedicated to the 10 year anniversary of the European Union’s Eastern Partnership as well as the 30 years since the 1989 revolutions in Central Europe
The consequences of the emerging multipolar world
This issue takes a special look at the role and responsibility of the public intellectual in Central and Eastern Europe today
In the eastern parts of the European continent
1918 is remembered not only as the end of the First World War
but also saw the emergence of newly-independent states and the rise of geopolitical struggles which are felt until this day
that Belarus remains isolated from the West and very static in its transformation
The Summer 2018 issue of New Eastern Europe tackles the complexity of para-states in the post-Soviet space
David from Plonsk appeared as soon as I arrived in Birkenau
in the camp he was able to ease his conditions and that of those close to him
Here in Birkenau he worked in the "sauna," a place that gave those that worked there a position of power
It seemed as if he performed a very simple act on my behalf: he bribed a kapo
but one that was part of life in the camp
I viewed it as the continuation of our old friendship
as well as part of the obligation of Plonskite solidarity
Rosa decided to take part in the uprising planned by the Sonderkommando
Because I knew Rosa and worked in the "Union" [munitions factory]
I was privileged to be among those that helped provide the raw materials for the manufacture of the weapons
With a heart beating hard with the weight of responsibility
but the men were not happy with the quality of the material
Batsheva gave me a cylinder containing rolls of explosive material
The rolls of explosive material were passed to me as I left the factory
Luck was on my side and that of Ella Gärtner who smuggled the explosives together with me; for months we weren't caught..
almost every day we handed explosive material to members of the underground to make bombs or other weapons
which filled my heart with a mix of impossible fear
excitement and pride that I had been part of it all:
on the day it all happened nothing went to plan..
the bodies of those killed were scattered between the blocks
I saw how some of the men had tried to escape but were shot and fell down on the spot
'#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0
location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1
'?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null
"\/ben-gurions-50th-jahrzeit-in-his-hometown-plonsk\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=9zOggeAzy8m7APTA0OmR8NM3pc7iUyqQxRSm0Yl3y.M-1746526679-1.0.1.1-UAKhMQsyp1s1SC8prXA3qEp47.RbjftBhfFQGt5vAp0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null
ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());
The project involves the construction of a 71.21 km section of Poland’s S7 expressway between Napierki and Płońsk in the north of the Mazowieckie region
It will be located within the core Baltic-Adriatic corridor of the Trans-European transport network (TEN-T) and will form part of European route E77
high-capacity section of road for long-distance
high-speed transit traffic that will have the capacity to handle projected future vehicle flows
The project aims to help reduce travel times and improve living conditions in local communities by channelling traffic away from urban areas
The road will have two 3.5 m-wide lanes
a 2.5 m-wide hard shoulder and a soft shoulder of 0.75 m in width on both sides of a 12 m dividing strip
as well as the possibility of adding a third lane
The planned maximum speed is 100 km/h
Running partly along a section of the existing national road 7 (DK7) and partly along a new corridor mainly to the east of DK7
the road will include nine junctions: Mława Północ
Sections of other intersecting roads may be built or rebuilt to adapt the existing network to the path of the S7
Buildings and structures blocking its path will be demolished
A road maintenance centre will be established at Glinojeck; sections of DK7 totalling 37.38 km in length will be adapted to function as local roads; the bridge over the river Wkra in Strzegowo will be repaired; and an intelligent traffic management system will be installed
Further work involves construction of slip roads
passages and mesh fences for animals (including passages linked to bridges
Safety equipment such as energy-absorbing barriers
fences and horizontal and vertical signage will be set up
and pre-cleaning devices for rainwater flowing from the road into collectors such as watercourses or storm water reservoirs will be put in place
Utility infrastructure including gas and water pipes
sewage systems and telecommunications and power lines will be laid or re-laid
The work is divided into four parts covering adjacent stretches of the S7: Napierki-Mława from km 0 to km 13.96
Mława-Strzegowo from km 13.96 to km 35.47
Strzegowo-Pieńki from km 35.47 to km 57.46 and Pieńki-Płońsk from km 57.46 to km 71.21.
the section runs through the municipalities of Wieczfnia Kościelna
The project aims to improve the quality of transport links in Poland through integration of the planned route with the rest of the road network
and to increase accessibility to – and strengthen interregional connections within – the TEN-T network
by enhancing the efficiency of road transport
the project is expected to support free movement of people
thereby contributing to the EU's external competitiveness and internal economic
Total investment for the project “Construction of the S7 expressway Olsztynek-Płońsk
section Napierki-Płońsk” is EUR 449 823 677
with the EU’s Cohesion Fund contributing EUR 242 459 568 through the “Infrastructure and Environment” Operational Programme for the 2014-2020 programming period
The investment falls under the priority “Transport infrastructure”
Ministerstwo obsługujące ministra właściwego ds
Generalna Dyrekcja Drog Krajowych I Autostrad
This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks
The action you just performed triggered the security solution
There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase
You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked
Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page
Cookies allow us to understand how you use this site and improve your experience. Our detailed Cookie Policy can be found here
By continuing to use this website you accept our use of cookies
Mandatory cookies help make this website usable by enabling basic functions like page navigation and access to secure areas of the website
Our website cannot function properly without these cookies
Statistic cookies help us understand how visitors interact with this website
for example seeing which pages are most popular
This information is collected anonymously and helps us improve the site by making the most sought after information easy to find
Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites allowing the display of ads that are relevant and engaging for the visitor
Whilst we do not display any advertising on the WJC website
allowing marketing cooking may allow other sites to see that you have visited our site
Poland’s nationalist leader gets photo-opportunity at climax of close-run campaign
Donald Trump will receive Poland’s nationalist president in the White House next week, giving Andrzej Duda a probable electoral boost just four days before a tightly-contested presidential vote
Duda will be the first foreign politician to visit the US president at the White House since Venezuela’s Juan Guaidó in early February
after a break of several months as the world dealt with the coronavirus pandemic
“President Trump and President Duda will discuss further advancing our cooperation on defence
and telecommunications security,” said the White House in a statement announcing the meeting on Wednesday
the White House visit will be a coveted photo-opportunity and campaign boost for Duda
as he heads into the final strait of a closely fought presidential election
Duda is allied to Poland’s ruling Law and Justice (PiS) party
which has been accused of eroding democratic norms in recent years
Duda has frequently used homophobic rhetoric during the campaign, pledging to “defend children from LGBT ideology” and comparing the LGBT rights agenda to communist dictatorship
Polls suggest that the election is likely to result in a second round between Duda and liberal challenger Rafał Trzaskowski
and has been increasing his predicted vote share in recent weeks
He has been attacked by media loyal to Duda as an “extremist” for his backing of LGBT and other minority rights
Trump’s overt backing will be important for Duda
given the strong backing for Washington and Nato in Poland
Trump said on Monday that 9,500 US troops will be withdrawn from Germany
and Poland hopes some of them may be deployed there
During a Duda visit to the White House last year
Trump said he would like to relocate some US forces from Germany to Poland
“We would like an increase in American forces in Poland,” said a source close to Duda
“We aren’t happy that America is withdrawing forces from Germany
we want as many US forces in Europe as possible
Trump was due to travel to Warsaw late last summer to be the guest of honour at a ceremony to mark 80 years since the start of the second world war. In the end, he pulled out at the last minute and headed for the golf course instead
sending vice-president Mike Pence in his place
Duda’s team believes Trump could make amends for the no-show with the White House invitation
which will be portrayed as an endorsement of Duda
It is highly unusual for a foreign visit to come so close to an election
Earlier on Wednesday, the US ambassador to Poland, Trump loyalist Georgette Mosbacher, denied Polish media reports that she had complained to Duda over his homophobic campaign statements
but added that the US condemned discrimination based on sexual orientation
"From sourcing the finest ingredients to ensuring safety and sustainability
our work at Mondelēz is all about creating moments of joy."
Central Engineering Bakery/Engineering Manager & Program Technical Lead (Plonsk)
highlighting key responsibilities and how you contribute to MDLZ's purpose and mission
My role primarily involves building site engineering capability by driving strong engineering fundamentals to deliver cost-effective and robust solutions without deviating from the IIM methodology
I collaborate with global and regional counterparts in Engineering and Procurement to strengthen our pool of BCS suppliers
As the current Program Technical Lead for the Plonsk program
I manage the dynamic recruitment agenda while keeping the program on track
This involves ensuring speedy decision-making without losing focus on safety
which are driven by the complexities of interdependencies with other projects and plant agendas
The most special aspect of my role is the opportunity to explore new people
I also enjoy managing a highly interdependent and complex matrix of projects
What is the most exciting project you’ve worked on
The most exciting project I have worked on is the Plonsk Strategic Program in Poland
This project was particularly thrilling due to the enormous expectations to deliver a challenging task with integrated complexities
with an investment of approximately $150 million
What are some projects that have significantly contributed to your professional growth
Several projects have significantly contributed to my professional growth
the relocation and consolidation of a cracker line in Vietnam
a rooftop solar project with a 2.5 MW capacity in Vietnam
which involved launching Bournvita Biscuits on the Oreo line at the TP site in India
These projects helped me embrace diversity and adaptability
develop business acumen beyond core technical skills
and evolve as a team player with sharpened leadership abilities
My assignments in Bahrain and the BD&E lead stint in Vietnam helped me to think holistically rather than subjectively
If you think about the supply chain in 10 years’ time
I envision the supply chain being driven by advanced AI tools implemented on platforms with optimized multi-skilled staffing
leading to highly efficient processes with maximized simplicity
having seen my own childhood transition from landlines to cellular phones to smartphones
The new baseline expectation from AI will be speed with perfection
and can you share any memorable moments or experiences connected to it
My favorite MDLZ product is Cadbury Dairy Milk (Fruit and Nuts)
This product brings back tons of childhood memories
whether it was receiving it as a gift on birthdays
"Fruit & Nut" was always around us
In what ways has your career grown since joining the company
and what opportunities for development are available
Adaptability through embracing international assignments has been a significant highlight of my career growth since joining the company
I have followed some simple tools for development
such as focusing inward through coaching and mentoring from leaders
I have also been willing to take on risky or challenging assignments and deliver them successfully
such as taking up the herculean task as a Crisis Technical Program Lead for the Plonsk Strategic initiative
Opportunities for development are always present if one is willing to stretch themselves and increase their learning bandwidth
Taking on roles or assignments that have grey areas or require out-of-the-box thinking
like the Bun Automation E2E project in Vietnam
where we split the project into four phases due to challenges in getting approval in one go
A typical day at MDLZ starts with a casual coffee-side chat followed by Gemba walks and DMS
My day involves unlearning and relearning through challenges brought forward by the team and acting quickly to find solutions
I constantly challenge the status quo and brainstorm ways to improve for the next day
What advice would you give to someone considering a role with MDLZ
My advice to someone considering a role with MDLZ is to be a leader in what you do
but emerging as a winner is a triumphant moment
Fail fast and learn faster – I see this almost every week in the Plonsk program
as it might make you the first choice for upcoming opportunities
Take on smaller assignments to test your qualities before taking a big step
I took up the PSM program lead in Vietnam to build connections and focus on a single initiative versus multiple tasks
Throughout our website the voices of the survivors infuse our online exhibitions
teaching units and ceremonies with content and with meaning
We have gathered many of those testimonies in this section where they can be easily accessed by either topic or location
according to the birthplaces of the survivors
This section will continue to grow as more and more testimonies are added to the website
"For whoever listens to a witness becomes a witness"
Excerpt from a speech given by Elie Wiesel at Yad Vashem
"My Lodz No Longer Exists" The Story of Holocaust Survivor Yosef Neuhaus
"She Was There and She Told Me" - The Story of Hannah Bar Yesha
A Pledge and a Purpose: Testimony of Holocaust Survivor Chana Oren (Schönfeld)
Arnold Goldschmidt - Kristallnacht in the City of Fulda
Chaya Avraham - The Holocaust in Transnistria
Chief Rabbi Lau speaks on Holocaust Remembrance Day
Cila Zakheim (Kopolowitz) tells her story of rescue by Ignat and Sofya Yermolovich
Commemoration of the Jewish Community of Monastir
Cultural Life in the Vilna Ghetto: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
Daily Life in the Concentration Camps: Rita Weiss
Daily Life in the Vilna Ghetto: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
David Gur - The Zionist Underground in Hungary
Dealing with the Past- The Children's Home in Otwock
Deportation from Hungary: Elisheva Zimet Stern and Rita Weiss
Deportation from Kracow to the Concentration Camps: Shmuel Rotbard
Deportation of the Jews of Greece to the Concentration Camps: Yaacov (Jacki) Handali
Deportation to the Death Camps: Rita Weiss
Education in the Children's Home in Otwock
Elie Wiesel speaks about his father and the significance of memory
Elie Wiesel: Universal Lessons of the Holocaust
Elisheva Auerbach Polak and Elisheva Weiss - The Holocaust in Holland
Entrance and Arrival- The Children's Home in Otwock
Ester Samuel-Cahn- Rescue by Righteous Among the Nations
Esther Burstein - Survival in the Lodz Ghetto
Esther Burstein describes maintaining her faith during the Holocaust
Esther Burstein describes sneaking holy books into the ghetto
Esther Burstein describes the humiliation and abuse of her grandfather in the local synagogue
Esther Debora Reiss-Mossel: Child Holocaust survivor describes wartime experiences
Forging Friendships in the Children's Home in Otwock
Haim Roet- Rescue by Righteous Among the Nations
Hannah Bar Yesha - Immigration to Israel and Building a New Life
Hannah Bar Yesha Describes Conversation among the Female Camp Prisoners at Auschwitz
Hannah Bar Yesha – The Hungarian Women's Camp in Auschwitz-Birkenau
Hannah Gofrit- Rescue by Righteous Among the Nations in Warsaw
Heshel Reissman describes trying to maintain faith during the Holocaust
Holocaust Survivor Describes Ghetto and Death Camp
Holocaust Survivor Kalman Perk Describes Escape from Cattle Car
Holocaust Survivor Testimonies: In the Ranks of the Partisans
Holocaust Survivor Testimonies: Munkács Under Hungarian Rule
Holocaust Survivor Testimonies: Religious Life in Mir
Holocaust Survivor Testimonies: Religious Life in Munkács
Holocaust Survivor Testimonies: The Interwar Period in Mir
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Andrei Călăraşu
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Avraham Aviel
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Chasia Bornstein (Bielicka)
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Chava Pressburger
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Daniel Avidar
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: David (Yorek) Plonski
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Dina Büchler-Chen
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Eliezer Ayalon
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Esther Pasker Gelbelman
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Felix Zandman
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Hela Schüpper-Rufeisen
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Iris Mozzeri
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Manya Brodeski-Titelman
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Menachem Frenkel
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Menachem Katz
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Mordechai (Motke) Wiesel
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Sara Israeli
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Shmuel Elchanan
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Simcha Applebaum
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Yaacov (Jacki) Handeli
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Yehuda Feigin
Holocaust Survivor Testimony: Yona (Janek) Fuchs
Holocaust Survivor Yehuda Szternfeld Remembers Fallen Survivor-Soldiers
Hunger in the Concentration Camps: Walter Zwi Bacharach
Identity Restored- The Children's Home in Otwock
Israel Meir Lau - On Anne Frank's Diary
Israel Meir Lau - Speaking Out Against Hunger in Africa
Jewish Education in Interwar Vilna: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
Jewish Education in Würzburg During the Interwar Period
Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Walter Zvi Bacharach and Uri Ben Ari
Jewish Parties and Movements in Interwar Vilna: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
Jewish RAF Veteran Testimony - Martin Hauser
Jewish Religious Life in Interwar Vilna: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
Jews' Daily Life in Interwar Vilna: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
Kalman Bar On - Arrival and Survival in Auschwitz
Lea Paz: Child Holocaust survivor describes rescue by Righteous Among the Nations
Malka Rosenthal - Living in Hiding in the Stanislawow Ghetto
Malka Rosenthal - On Being Ostracized as a Child during the Occupation of Stanislawow
Malka Rosenthal - On Hiding in a Barrel for One and a Half Years during the Holocaust
Malka Rosenthal - On the Loss of Her Mother during the Holocaust
Marcel Reich-Ranicki: Cultural Activity in the Warsaw Ghetto
Marga Randall: Kristallnacht in a Small German Town
Meir Brand: Holocaust Survivor and Israeli Combat Officer
Michael Maor: From the Holocaust to the Secret Service
Mirjam Schuster: Child Holocaust survivor describes helping other survivors
Mordechai (Motke) Zeidel- The Mass Murder Site of Ponar
Naphtali Lau Lavie discusses faith during the Holocaust
Nattan Ginzburg describes how as a young man during the Holocaust he observed Jewish rituals
Niko Pardo describes the end of the Jewish community of Monastir
Noemi Shadmi: From Holocaust Survivor to Israeli Police Commander
Ovadia Baruch - Ovadia and Aliza's First Meeting
Ovadia Baruch - Thoughts on Seeing His Auschwitz-Birkenau Prisoner Card
Ovadia Baruch - Working at an Auschwitz sub-camp
Gutman discusses the significance and importance of the Oneg Shabbat Archives
Professor Israel Gutman describes Oneg Shabbat
Professor Israel Gutman discusses Emanuel Ringelblum
Rabbi Israel Meir Lau speaks about the importance of commemorating the Jews who perished during the Holocaust
Righteous Among the Nations from Macedonia: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
Rina Sha'ashua Hason: The Rescue of Bulgarian Jewry
Sabina Kirshenbaum describes how Orthodox men tried to prevent the Nazis from shaving their beards
Sabina Kirshenbaum describes standing guard at the shteibel (synagogue) that was located in her home
Schooling and Antisemitism in Trzebinia: Survivor Testimonies
Selection in Auschwitz: Yaacov (Jacki) Handali and Rita Weiss
Shalom Shorenson's Testimony: Murder of the Jews of Lithuania
Shimon Greenhouse: Child Holocaust survivor describes family's wartimes experiences
Shmuel Daitch Ben Menachem: Blowing the Shofar on Rosh Hashana in the Kovno Ghetto
Slave Labor in the Concentration Camps: Yaacov (Jacki) Handali and Roman Frister
Solomon Feigerson: Child Holocaust survivor describes escape from mass execution
Surviving the Holocaust: Esther Eisen's Story
Surviving the Holocaust: Hanna Bar Yesha's Story
Surviving the Holocaust: Hedy Hirsch's Story
Surviving the Holocaust: Mordechai Eldar's Story
Surviving the Holocaust: Sophie Engelsman's Story
Surviving the Holocaust: Zanne Farbstein's Story
The Aktions in Vilna: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
The Death Marches: Herta Goldman and Lea Frank Holitz
The Deportation of the Jews of Würzburg to the East
The Displaced Persons' Camps: Abraham and Shoshana Roshkovski
The End of the Jewish Community in Monastir
The Jewish Community of Würzburg During the Interwar Period
The Jewish Community of Würzburg: Religious Life
The Kovno Train - The Fatal Transport to Ponary: Excerpts From Yitzhak Arad's Testimony
The Liquidation of the Ghetto in Trzebinia
The Mass Deportation from the Warsaw Ghetto: Halina Birenbaum
The Partisans of Mir: Shmuel Cesler and Oswald Rufeussen
The Treblinka Death Camp: Eliahu Rosenberg
Twin Sisters Describe Arrival at Auschwitz: Iudit Barnea and Lia Huber
Underground Activity in France and Hungary: Thea Epstein
Underground Refuge- Hiding from the Nazis: Malka Rosenthal
Uri Ben Ari and Walter Zwi Bacharach- Kristallnacht
Uri Chanoch: Two Brothers Struggle to Survive the Holocaust
Vilna During the Holocaust: The Wittenberg Affair: Holocaust Survivor Testimonies
Voices From the Forest: Testimonies of Partisans from Vilna
Willie Sterner Describes the Jewish Community of Wolbrom
Yakov (Jannek) Hollander- The Krakow Ghetto and the Concentration Camps
a partisan from Vilna talks about the Theater in the Vilna Ghetto
Yerakhmiyel Felzenshteyn: Jewish fighter in Red Army describes his WWII experiences
Yisrael Gutman: Daily Life in the Warsaw Ghetto
Yosef Charny- Starvation in the Warsaw Ghetto
Yosef Neuhaus - Arrival and Daily Life in Auschwitz-Birkenau during the Holocaust
Yosef Neuhaus - Rumkowski's Speech in Lodz
Yosef Neuhaus - The Vibrancy of the Jewish Community in Lodz before the Holocaust
Yosef Neuhaus - Work and Survival in the Lodz Ghetto during the Holocaust
Zvi Asaria-Hermann Helfgott- Helping New Immigrants to Israel
Zvi Asaria-Hermann Helfgott- Helping Survivors in Bergen-Belsen
Zvi Asaria-Hermann Helfgott- His Decision to Leave Austria During the Height of His Studies for His Doctorate
Zvi Asaria-Hermann Helfgott- Man After the Holocaust
Zvi Asaria-Hermann Helfgott- Providing Help in Bergen-Belsen
Zvi Asaria-Hermann Helfgott- Spiritual Challenges in the POW Camps
Zvi Asaria-Hermann Helfgott- Spiritual Leadership in the POW Camps
during the official Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Day ceremony that takes place at Yad Vashem
are lit by Holocaust survivors and short films depicting the stories of the survivors are shown as each torch is lit
The Yad Vashem website had recently undergone a major upgrade
The page you are looking for has apparently been moved
We are therefore redirecting you to what we hope will be a useful landing page
For any questions/clarifications/problems, please contact: webmaster@yadvashem.org.il
The postcard written by Israel's first prime minister
David Ben-Gurion | Photo: Kedem Auction House
A postcard written and signed by Israel's first prime minister
just one day after officially declaring the State of Israel's independence
Dated on the sixth day of the Hebrew month of Iyar in the Jewish year 5748 (May 15
it was sent to the founding father of the kibbutz movement
In a letter inscribed on the back of the postcard
Ben-Gurion wrote: "The people of Israel have attained the pinnacle of their existence – the State of Israel has been born."
which was discovered right before Israel's Independence Day
will be put up for public auction next week at the Kedem Auction House in Jerusalem
Ben-Gurion compares the contrasting realities on the ground between the time he immigrated and the day after the establishment of the State of Israel
we encountered the malaria of the swamps and the corruption of the Ottoman regime
despite the fact that the roar of the cannons has not ceased and our sons are fighting on all fronts
my heart is joyous upon witnessing this great advancement."
served as both prime minister and minister of defense in the first national government
and as leader of the Labor party in succeeding governments
He was among the founders of the Histadrut (General Organization of Workers in Israel) and the first leader of the Yishuv (Jewish community in Mandatory Palestine)
He was also an active member of the Ezra Zionist youth movement
which sought to provide free Hebrew education to poor children
and was founded by Ben-Gurion and Shlomo Tzemach
Lavi immigrated to the region of Palestine under the Ottoman Empire in 1905
He then worked in several different positions
including at the orchards of Petach Tikvah and Sejera
at an oil-production plant owned by the Atid company and on the Kinneret agricultural farms
He was one of the founders of the Jewish defense and paramilitary organization of Hashomer
As a member of the communal Kvutzat Kinneret community in the Jordan Valley region
he introduced the concept of the "Kvutzah Hagedolah" (the kibbutz)
Lavi and several other individuals founded Kibbutz Ein Harod
said: "This postcard is a very special find that encompasses a supreme historic value
it carries with it nostalgia for the early days of the country
and the exhilaration and joy of a generation that took nothing for granted."
The revelation of the postcard also overlapped with the discovery of a collection of 26 photographs that captured scenes that transpired among Arab belligerent forces during Israel's War of Independence
The photos will likewise be put up for public auction next week at the Kedem Auction House
This article is reprinted with permission from JNS.org
the product was described as a "food chopper." Inspection of the actual shipments revealed 1,300..
British police believe the five detainees arrested on Monday
Israeli Air Force employs some 50 munitions to target Houthi infrastructure in Yemen 24 hours after missile strike close to..
Mondelēz International empowers people to snack right in over 150 countries around the world
With 2022 net revenues of approximately $31 billion
MDLZ is leading the future of snacking with iconic global and local brands such as Oreo
Clif Bar and Tate's Bake Shop biscuits and baked snacks
you can find career opportunities in functions that service Polish & Baltics business
such as: sales; marketing; customer services & logistics; finance; information technology solutions; strategy
insights & analytics; corporate & government affairs; legal and human resources
Warsaw is also a home for many regional and global functions such as: procurement; supply planning; product change management; business services and Travel Retail & European Export
Development & Quality (RDQ) Center are located in the Lower Silesia province
The Factory in Bielany Wroclawskie was established in 1993
from tasty caramels to sublime flavors of chocolates
Milk Tray pralines are produced along with Cadbury chocolate tablets
650 employees and the IL6S program had been implemented in the factory
RDQ is where we invent the products you love
In Central Europe we support 4 categories: Chocolate
RDQ core functions include Product Development
Nutritional Communication and Analytical Services
Our team of 250 talented experts- scientists
technicians and other specialists from all over the world is waiting for you
The factory in Cieszyn is located in southern Poland in the Silesian province
The plant can boast of almost 100 years of history
It was established in 1924 under the name "Olza" and it is the oldest of the seven Mondelēz factories in Poland
The famous Prince Polo wafers have been produced here for over 60 years
the factory has products from such brands like Milka
Majority of our wafers is produced for Polish market and the rest of volume goes to the European countries like UK
Germany or Austria and non-EU countries to such exotic locations like Iceland
are very popular and are national delicacy
Mondelēz chocolate factory in Jankowice is located about 30 km away from Poznan
initially under the name Stollwerck and joined Mondelēz International in 2013
We use unique technology for many of the products produced in Jankowice factory
In our brand portfolio you can find the top chocolate such as Côte D'Or
Our products go to stores throughout the country and to countries all over Europe
Our factory's headcount is about 300 employees in various positions
In the Jankowice plant the Integrated Lean Six Sigma program is implemented
Currently the plant produces biscuits of well-known local and international brands such as SAN
We also supply our products much wider markets
The plant employs around 500 people and is one of the largest employers in the region
We are one of the best performing plants with a strong continuous improvement agenda
Kaunas is the second largest city located in the heart of Lithuania at the confluence of the two rivers - the Nemunas and the Neris
Our confectionery factory history dates back to 1888
We have been manufacturing various products such as Cadbury
Kaunas plant was the first and still is a single plant that introduced novelty into market: tablets produced by Sheet&Cut technology
Regionally Kaunas plant is recognized as the best place for product development what is based on available ''know how''
flexibility and readiness to support new ideas
That is why we strive to be not just the best but legendary
we are one of the biggest employers in the region
and providing a supportive environment for growth and interesting work
The history of the factory in Płonsk dates back to 1973
when the then Ministry of Food Industry decided to design a confectionery factory
Płonsk has become a convenient location for this type of investment
mainly due to the location (between Warsaw and Tricity)
and by creating by the then authorities a very good area for the construction of the entire industrial district at Mazowiecka Street
the first production under the name of the Bakery Bread Factory in Płonsk began on the three production lines
From the very beginning to the present day
as well as Misie Lubisie and Milka biscuits huge part of which is exported
Our factory employs approximately 700 people
develops in line with the IL6S methodology and plans on several new investment projects
There is one factory located in Opolskie province about 40 km from Wroclaw
The construction of the chocolate plant began in 2008
and the first production started already in 2010
The factory portfolio is mainly a wide range of chocolate bars - Cadbury and Milka are just some examples of snacks produced here and a huge part of our products is exported to other countries
This factory is a multiple laureate of the Pillars of the Polish Economy
it has a social activity on its account: assistance in the renovation of schools and orphanages
The Integrated Lean Six Sigma program is implemented at the factory
The Tomaszow Mazowiecki plant is located in central Poland
we are one of the largest employers in the region
If you are interested in the sweet world of innovation then our factory is waiting for you
Discover Customer Service & Logistics in Central Europe at Mondelēz International
Discover Finance in Central Europe at Mondelēz International
Discover Manufacturing in Central Europe at Mondelēz International
Discover Procurement in Central Europe at Mondelēz International
Development & Quality in Central Europe at Mondelēz International
Discover Sales in Central Europe at Mondelēz International
Renewable Energy Project in Mondelez Lietuva Production UAB
Mondelez Europe Services Informacja zgodnie z art
27c ustawy o podatku dochodowym od osób prawnych za rok 2023
MONDELĒZ EUROPE SERVICES INFORMACJA ZGODNIE Z ART
27C USTAWY O PODATKU DOCHODOWYM OD OSÓB PRAWNYCH ZA ROK 2022
Sefer sheelot u-tszuwot Riszmey sheela (fragment)
Collections of the Jewish Historical Institute
The Rishmey Sheela text is divided into three parts
The main fragment is the rabbinic responsa
the responses of Israel Moshe ben Arie Leib to the inquiries addressed to him
concerning specific cases in the field of religious law
were directed by Jewish communities or individuals to scholars enjoying fame and respect
The decisions contained in the rabbis' responses had a normative force
therefore studying the responses was an element of legal education
The second part consists of Talmudic commentaries concerning
the tractate Moed Katan from the Babylonian Talmud
and the third part – sermons delivered by the author
One of them was given by the famous Talmudist
in the negotiations on the rights of Jews in the Duchy of Warsaw (1807)
Why does this work deserve special attention
Because it is the first Hebrew book to be printed in Warsaw
in a publishing house run by a Jewish printer
The first Jewish printer in Warsaw to run a Hebrew publishing house was Cvi Hirsh ben Natan Nosonowicz (Nossonowicz) from Lutomiersk
when Jews were given the right to permanently settle in the city
He bought a large part of the typographic equipment from the Evangelical Johann Krüger
who in 1781 founded a Hebrew printing house in Nowy Dwór
which belonged to prince Stanisław Poniatowski
Krüger located his office near the capital
and at the time Jews did not have the right of permanent residence in Warsaw itself
The title page of our book features the name of the censor
who was also the censor of Krüger's publishing house
called the stamp duty (Polish: opłata stemplowa)
it was signed by the typesetter Moshe ben Mordechai from Warsaw
The march of Napoleon's army through Poland interrupted the work of the printing house
Nosonowicz entered into a partnership with Avigdor ben Joel Lebenson
published Jewish books in Warsaw under his own name
and Nosonowicz began publishing with his son Nathan as Nosonowicz-Szriftgiser (Schriftgiesser)
two independent Jewish printing houses operated simultaneously in Warsaw
Cvi Hirsh Nosonowicz died in 1831 after 20 years of running a publishing house
and the printing house was taken over by his son Joel
This firm pressed books at least until 1878
It is worth recalling that the collection of old prints of the JHI Library also includes the first Hebrew book ever printed in Warsaw
after the third partition of Polan and the occupation of the city by the Prussians
The book came from the publishing house of Piotr Zawadzki
a Christian nobleman with the Ostoja coat of arms
In the years 1777-1796 he owned a gisernia in Warsaw (a casting workshop producing metal products)
During the Great Sejm and the Kościuszko Uprising (1794)
Zawadzki's publishing house became one of the most distinguished and active printing houses in Warsaw
“Gazeta Narodowa i Obca” – an organ of the parliamentary patriotic party
including two by Tadeusz Kościuszko: regarding the release of peasants participating in the uprising from serfdom
and Do obywatelów Polski i Litwy [To the citizens of Poland and Lithuania]
Zawadzki managed to press only one work in Hebrew: Cemach le-Avraham
The author was Cvi Hirsh ben Chaim Halevi from Płońsk
father of Ezekiel ben Cvi Hirsh Taub (died 1857)
around whom a Hasidic manor house was built in Kazimierz Dolny on the Vistula River
The book contains explanations about Yalkut Shimoni
a collection of halachic and hagadic midrashim
collected by the German Rabbi Simon Darshan from Frankfurt at the beginning of the 13th century
There is a printing signet of Piotr Zawadzki on it
The book was sealed with the seal of “Censorship of Jewish Books
Government Commission of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment” [Cenzura Xiąg Żydowskich
The Commission was established in 1815 and exercised supervision over education in the newly created Kingdom of Poland
the Latin inscription is embossed in very small font: in Typographia Privilegiata Petri Zawadzki Varsaviae 1796 Anno
The Hebrew year is given in the chronogram
so he had to employ Jewish workers to work on Hebrew prints
The information at the end of the book shows that the proofreader was Yaakov Juda ben Shmuel Halevi Bochner from Pińczów
There is also a very interesting remark in appreciation of the effort put into printing this book by two non-Jewish workers: typesetter Chmielewski and presser Toczeski:
thanks to whom this work was printed from beginning to end
who are still ready to continue whatever work they can.”
The book obtained haskamas by eight rabbis: from Kalisz