But that evening the air buzzed with excitement and pure debauchery In front of the colorful Portuguese tiled buildings and generally danced like no one was watching I never pictured myself whacking any stranger on the head with a hammer—and certainly not a child or a senior citizen I can attest that’s exactly what happens during the city’s famous annual festival Although Sao João is ostensibly meant to mark the birth of the youngest apostle it’s also a drunken reverie involving fireworks reflecting over the Douro River and its larger-than-life bridges and polka-like music echoing through the cobbled city streets And when I bonked a little girl and her grandmother on the head with a piece of hollow plastic berni0004/ShutterstockIt was the Celtics who first celebrated the summer solstice And while the precise origins of Sao João remain a mystery it first entered the historical record in the 14th century when the chief chronicler of Portugal’s kingdom traveled to Porto ahead of an upcoming visit for the king He happened to arrive on the day of Sao João which happens each year on the Sunday following the solstice a toymaker from the Estrela do Paraíso plastics factory was inspired to make a toy based on an unusual set of salt and pepper shakers he saw during his travels the shakers serving as the model for the hammer’s head he made giant plastic models of these shakers and added a proportionately large handle that doubled as a whistle The unintentionally phallic noisemakers became such a hit with kids and teenagers at smaller celebrations in Porto that they quickly broke onto the Sao João scene gradually overshadowing the lemon balm and leeks While the original theme of the festival has become less explicit some parts of the city still sell sweet bread and cake in the shape of a phallus berni0004/ShutterstockSeveral hours after we’d ventured into the street we arrived at a small block party complete with its own DJ It was the earliest morning hours and the peak of Sao João madness a dry-humored 33 year old who was born and raised in Porto started a dance train that eventually the entire block party ended up joining He told me later that in Portugal there is a saying: “You don’t hit a woman Joana Ranito wielded her hammer as she bounced across the square that doubled as the dance floor While Moura highlighted the transgressing of taboos the 30-year-old type designer said that her favorite aspect of Sao João is that it brings together every aspect of the community “It’s a day when traditional barriers are broken down,” as she put it “You see old people dancing with young people and teenagers.” Although it’s an all-ages affair she thinks a big part of the fun is attributable to the tradition of the hammers and leeks who wouldn’t be forced out of their shell by the prospect of whacking someone on the head with something meant to symbolize sex By the time my friends and I had wandered down a street overlooking the river I’d probably hammered more than a hundred strangers on the head Partaking in this eclectic ritual had indeed made me feel like part of the local community It was just as Ranito had explained to me days before the festival: “You’re going to break out of your shell and interact with people You’re gonna smash someone on the head and laugh about it Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker Here at PUCRS you can take the course you want Courses that will make a difference in your development There are 20 program options in the best graduate courses in the country Renowned teachers and our quality guarantee Courses with different themes and prices for senior citizens Commitment to scientific and technological advancement.   Seeking solutions to the problems of our society.  Contributing to the training of specialists and researchers.   Be one of our researchers and contribute to scientific advancement We value ethics and integrity in our work.   Follow our guidelines for research and laboratory safety Scientific 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the people of Rio Grande do Sul in rebuilding the State We are a community university focused on society A new University for a new society.   We are the best private university in the country and one of the best in the world The Jesuit reductions are a tourist attraction in Rio Grande do Sul The best known of them is the Reduction of São Miguel de Arcanjo whose ruins are a UNESCO World Heritage Site It was precisely this reduction that was expanded due to a population increase creating the Reduction of São João Batista founded in 1697 by the Jesuit Antônio Sepp and which later gave rise to the municipality of Cruz Alta the hometown of the writer Érico Veríssimo — located 364 km from Porto Alegre.   In this city, Brother Edison Hüttner, a teacher at School of Humanities from PUCRS visited a family that owned a sculpture of Saint John the Baptist and wanted to discover the historical value of the piece The professor carried out studies that confirmed that the work is from the missionary period The sculpture was made of wood and belongs to the first period of missionary art carried out in the 17th century andcarved into tree trunks by indigenous people of the Guarani ethnic group.  There are burn marks from the base of the statue to its feet although its structure has not been damaged the darkening of the wood due to combustion is visible some hypotheses have been raised about the origin of the work of art and how it received such marks:   This is the first sculpture of an adult Saint John the Baptist Missionary found in Rio Grande do Sul, being considered an important find in the history of the state It will be exhibited at the Cathedral of the Divine Holy Spirit until August 24th and then will return to the guardian family.  1625): are sculptures with rigid bodies which have the feet and hands fitted together and can be removed and replaced on the body They were carved in trees with a cylindrical shape “It is this phase that the sculpture of São João Missioneiro de Cruz Alta belongs to it is a pattern of Horcones sculptures (trunks) and it is considered to be a Hispano-Guarani-Jesuit baroque sacred art from the 17th century” explains Brother Hüttner.    Second phase (1670-1695): the sculptures ceased to be assembled and began to resemble the European baroque Their garments were complete and openwork.   1685-1690): the clothes of the figures represented are cloaks with flattened folds.  1696-1785): also known as the period of the Reform of José Brasanelli with expressiveness of the Berninian European Baroque and other styles Brasanelli's models spread and a unique missionary style was created.  Learn about research projects and our researchers information and follow everything that is happening at the University learn about the Fluir program and have access to the main systems 43,000+ global companies doing business in the region 102,000+ key contacts related to companies and projects news and interviews about your industry in English Thaís São-João Assistant Professor in the College of Nursing I’ve been teaching the didactic course NUR 233 – Introduction to Care of Adults and Older Adults—this Spring semester is the third time I’ve taught it since joining URI I’ve also taught NUR 234 – Practicum: Care of Adults and Older Adults a clinical course developed in healthcare settings I’ve also collaborated with NUR 313 – Acute Care of Adults and Older Adults and NUR 243 – Pharmacotherapeutics for Nursing I co-taught NUR 661 – Integrative Review for Nursing Science in the PhD program What is one piece of teaching advice that you have received that you would like to pass on to others?I learned from a distinguished Brazilian philosopher and educator that the learning experience must be democratic and respectful of the student students are active agents and use education as a form of self-development which leads them to realize that knowledge is power and students are the protagonists of the learning experience This philosophy framed my beliefs as an educator and this is something I would definitely pass along: empower students They are capable of much more than we can possibly provide What are the 3 qualities that you think make for a great teacher?For teachers overall given the intergenerational gaps between students and teachers and the advent of AI combined with technological advances Being aware of our own biases is the third and it involves different approaches; in my view – if I aim to meet my students where they are I will make an effort to carefully and individually know them while recognizing my limitations and what did you learn from them?My PhD advisor She was my advisor throughout my graduate studies and has continued to mentor me today She taught me many things as a teacher and a researcher but how to actively listen to patients and students was a very unique one She also taught me how to use evidence-based Nursing in every lecture and how to keep up to date with topics taught at the UG and Graduate levels What do you hope students look back on in ten years and say about your class(es)?I hope they had meaningful learning moments that they will cherish and that they remember being seen How do you relax after a long day of teaching?Spending time with my family is my number one thing I usually read Christian books while my daughter has Dragons or Harry Potter Share your favorite place to go in Rhode Island Why is this your favorite place?Wickford Village—I’m a fan of the atmosphere the waterfront cafes/restaurants—no matter what the season Wickford has always something charming to do Copyright © 2025 University of Rhode Island | University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA | 1.401.874.1000 URI is an equal opportunity employer committed to the principles of affirmative action. First rains in Goa are magical. After that initial shower, everything around is green and glistening, cradled by a cool sea breeze. There’s a promise in the air, for more. And, there will be more. Some more sporadic showers, before the monsoons descend in full and final glory, spread on for a stretch of a few months. The feast of São João is a celebration of the birth anniversary of St John, who was the son of St. Elizabeth, a relative of the Virgin Mary. Legend has it that the unborn baby John somersaulted with joy in his mother’s womb, when she was told about the birth of Jesus, and to this day, the act of jumping into waterbodies, commemorates this mythical tale. As we gather around in Benaulim, closer home, and as a precursor to the event, we glean more insights and precious nuggets about São João, from Achielia Fernandes, Visiting Faculty of History at Rosary College of Commerce & Arts, Navelim. ‘In the olden days, it was customary for newly married girls to visit their parental home during the festival. But the lead act was certainly, that of the son-in-law’s, who was showered with gifts, sweets and seasonal fruits, which he could carry back home. His only obligation was to take on the challenge of jumping in the well, after being adorned with kopels made of leaves and flowers, and taken on a procession around the village by celebrating friends and families. The festival of São João is celebrated traditionally in villages like Siolim, Benaulim, Assolna, Anjuna, Pilerne and a few others, though the revelry has now become a yearly, themed activity in many hotels across Goa, where ticketed events span raffles, rain dances and pool parties, with buffet spreads, cocktails, competitions and live DJ. The Siolim São João Traditional Boat Festival & Cultural Organization organises a host of fun activities and one can partake in boat parades with beautifully decorated boats, to the lilting beats of dulpod or traditional Goan dance songs. Far away from Goa, São João is observed with similar fervour and spirit, in Porto, though here, it is a nocturnal celebration and observed on the eve of the festival. ‘Water, as believed in Porto, goes to sleep every night. Except on São João eve on 23rd June, a celebration of Porto’s patron saint, St, John the Baptist.’ says Dolores Silva, a 73 year-old Macau returnee, and with defined ancestry in Porto, about the festival we are about to witness. At Alameda das Fontaínhas, people throng to wash themselves or drink from the fountain between midnight of 23rd June to dawn, in order to purify themselves. ‘The festival marks the summer solstice or the longest day of the year, and the jubilation is associated with fertility, harvest and abundance.’ The fireworks at midnight are a spectacle to be witnessed. The night sky is a brilliant profusion of lights, brilliantly captivating as they reflect off the waters of the River Douro. While the water tradition, unlike in Goa, has started to pale in the face of modern celebrations, one would still find all night party-goers walk from Porto’s Ribeira up to the seafront in Foz or Matosinhos where they would wait for the sunrise, and cleanse themselves in the ocean, with the sun’s first rays. This traces back to the days where it was customary for young women to bathe in the river to enhance their chances of fertility during São João. © SUNDAY GUARDIAN LIVE 2025 | DIRECT NEWS PRIVATE LIMITED | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. is a Catholic tradition that was introduced to Brazil during the country’s colonisation by Portugal (from 1500 to 1822) Its events are based on the European Midsummer festivities which celebrate the harvest and the saints the emphasis of Festa Junina is on creating a large social gathering of dancing Festa Junina begins in conjunction with Brazil’s winter and lasts throughout June In some areas (especially the north and the northeast) There are different types of foods associated with Festa Junina and because it’s a family-friendly celebration most schools host an event that’s open to the parents and families of the children who put on performances and play typical games such as catching prizes with a fishing rod a tradition that is typical in the south of Brazil Sign up to our newsletter to save up to $800 on our unique trips See privacy policy Traditional Clothing The typical clothes worn at the Festa Junina are inspired by vintage rural fashion as the themes of harvest and rain are central to the festivities while women put their hair up in ponytails wear checkered dresses and paint freckles on their faces The celebrations of Festa Junina are relatively the same across Brazil, with some exceptions in the northeast of the country where the festivities are more extravagant and last longer. However, there is one place where the festival is very different: in the state of Maranhão Festa Junina is celebrated through variations of an event called Bumba Meu Boi This dance is rooted in Brazil’s historically lower social classes and is believed to have started when slaves and rural residents created their own event as a passive rebellion against the wealthy upper class it’s impossible to pinpoint a single storyline Most stories are loosely built around the tale of a bull dying and then coming back to life If you want to head to the Northeast of Brazil to make the most out of the celebrations, be sure to browse the best tours in the area beforehand. Typical cuisine The food of Festa Junina is comforting and uses local ingredients—as you would expect of dishes made in the countryside. Typical foods include bolo de fubá (corn cakes made from finely ground rice or corn flour) curau (corn mixed with condensed milk and peanuts cocada de colher (shredded coconut mixed with condensed milk and butter) pé-de-moleque (a type of sweet treat made with hard toffee and peanuts) and paçoca (candy made out of crushed peanuts) As June is the month when corn crops are harvested the majority of sweet and savory snacks and cakes are made of corn The two most typical drinks are quentão (a hot drink made with cachaça The typical costumes of Festa Junina are country-themed in a Western style with denim shorts for girls and checkered shirts for both men and women Some girls even braid their hair and paint freckles across their cheeks but almost everyone dresses up to some degree during the festivities fast-paced genre of music popular throughout Brazil especially during the Festa Junina.Every year regional and local quadrilha dance competitions are held all around the country: Luis Gonzaga is still a very popular artist and it is his songs that get played the most during Festa Juninas Typical instruments include the triangle and the accordion The bonfire is also a traditional element expected at every Festa Junina The ritual of gathering around a large flame derives from pagan tradition as this custom is practiced to commemorate the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere each year and by congregating around the warmth of the fire the festival’s focus on community building is further emphasized Each region attracts millions of visitors each year and the parties there continue well into July The state of Bahia also has large-scale celebrations Additional reporting by A.J. Samuels. Sarah is a British freelance journalist and writer based in Rio de Janeiro Her favourite travel experiences so far include swimming with whale sharks in Mexico trekking through Rio's urban forest and enjoying the city life in Madrid Guides & Tips The Best Spots for Panoramic Views in São Paulo Guides & Tips A Complete Guide To Pão De Açúcar (Sugarloaf Mountain) See & Do The 15 Best Destinations to Visit in Brazil Guides & Tips The Most Picturesque Spots in Sao Paulo See & Do The Top Things to See and Do in Santa Catarina See & Do 15 Must-Visit Attractions in Ouro Preto See & Do A One-Week Rio de Janeiro Itinerary See & Do The Best Amazon Locations for Seeing Wildlife Guides & Tips The Best Non-European Destinations to Escape to This Spring See & Do 15 Stunning Natural Wonders in South America That Will Take Your Breath Away See & Do The Top 10 Things to Do in Curitiba See & Do The Best Hidden Gems In Rio de Janeiro Only Locals Know About US: +1 (678) 967 4965 | UK: +44 (0)1630 35000 tripssupport@theculturetrip.com © Copyright 2025 The Culture Trip Ltd This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page João Pedro's journey to the Queen City is marked by dreams fulfilled and gratitude for the support he's received Charlotte FC recently elevated the São Paulo native from the second team to the first team as the Club heads into their third season I chatted with João Pedro – who goes by JP – in his native language of Portuguese to see how he’s been getting on in Charlotte and his thoughts on his first team promotion All of his thoughts are translated into English João Pedro is coming off his personal best season which included some brilliant individual performances that earned him a spot in MLS Next Pro’s Best XI of the season He was a critical component in what was a historic inaugural season for Legacy as they secured the top seed in the Eastern Conference with JP playing over 2,000 minutes and contributing two goals and three assists from the center back position to showcase his versatility With a renewed sense of self and rediscovered soccer prowess João Pedro is eager to make an impact with the first team in the upcoming season so I’m super happy to be able to play with the first team this upcoming year I hope to show my qualities for all the fans and all the staff that helped me develop up to this point his move to Charlotte a year ago represented the realization of a lifelong dream to play outside his native Brazil "It was always a dream of mine to play outside of my country,” he said “When I heard about the opportunity to play in Charlotte it aligned with a lot of what my family and I were looking for and I didn’t think there was a better fit for me this past year.” Adjusting to a new culture and country may present challenges but João Pedro approached these hurdles with a positive perspective Reflecting on his initial days at the Club he not only managed to overcome the difficulties he faced new language but thankfully I didn’t take too long to adapt The Club was a big help by providing English classes and helping in other ways so that helped facilitate the work I had to at the Club Integral to João Pedro's successful integration into Charlotte FC was the support of the coaching staff Arriving in the United States without knowing a word of English he benefited from the presence of a Portuguese head coach and other staff members who were fluent in his native language "The coaching staff was so important for my adaptation Everyone was really helpful not just for me but also for the culture of the team I feel nothing but gratitude to coach (Jose Tavares) and the rest of the technical staff for everything they did for me They put the person in front of the athlete and that's why our team was so successful.” The experience in the United States brought about significant personal and professional growth for João Pedro the move brought the challenge of adapting to a different style of training and play “The most significant lesson for me was my maturity as both a player and a person I think here in the United States you have to work incredibly hard every day There’s a different way of working here in the States compared to Brazil I’ve become a better person and more mature João Pedro wanted to emphasize again the crucial role played by the coaching staff at Crown Legacy “I first want to thank the coach and everyone else on Crown Legacy’s staff because I think without them none of this would have happened They pushed me when they needed to push me and I think it’s because of that that I was able to play my best football in later parts of the year I just want to thank all of them for trusting me João Pedro's ascent from Crown Legacy to Charlotte FC is not just a testament to his talent but also to the supportive environment fostered by the club and the clear path foreign players have to the first team As he prepares to don the first-team jersey fans can anticipate witnessing the continued growth and success of this Brazilian defender in the Queen City Stay connected with Airtel’s international roaming plans as you celebrate São João in Goa ensuring seamless communication while immersing yourself in the vibrant festival and scenic beauty of this coastal paradise blending religious devotion with lively traditions the festival transforms the state’s lush landscapes into a sea of color it offers an unforgettable cultural immersion and a chance to explore the many places to visit in São João Although traditionally observed by the Catholic community in Goa the São João festival has grown to include people of all backgrounds becoming one of the most awaited celebrations in the state Locals and tourists alike don vibrant crowns made of leaves and fruits leap into wells to reenact Saint John the Baptist’s baptism of Jesus and fun is what makes the São João festival so special and unforgettable The São João festival has its roots in the rich Catholic traditions of Goa where Saint John the Baptist holds a special place in the community The festival celebrates his birth and is a symbolic expression of gratitude for the rain with locals jumping into water bodies to cleanse themselves much like how John the Baptist performed baptisms in the River Jordan Celebrations are most vibrant in North Goa especially in villages like Siolim and Anjuna Locals decorate themselves with crowns made of fresh fruits and flowers known as “kopels,” and participate in boat parades These processions are accompanied by traditional Goan folk songs and plenty of local feni (a Goan alcoholic beverage) For anyone seeking an authentic cultural experience the São João festival is the perfect introduction to Goa’s festive spirit The São João festival is celebrated on June 24th every year making it a prime time for tourists to visit Goa If you’re planning to witness this spectacle the most iconic celebrations take place in the northern villages of Goa These areas come alive with elaborate boat parades These water-filled areas are key places to visit in São João as they are central to the festival’s unique customs The São João festival is not just about religious significance; it is a spectacle of Goan culture at its finest Expect streets and villages to be filled with vibrant colors The most exciting part is the tradition of leaping into wells This quirky and exhilarating custom is a must-see if you’re attending the festival for the first time where locals compete to decorate their boats with bright flowers and other creative designs The festival is accompanied by the sounds of traditional Goan folk music while the streets come alive with dancing and spontaneous performances Be sure to check out the villages of Siolim and Anjuna as they are some of the best places to visit in São João to witness these festivities in full swing navigating the crowded festival areas can be challenging This is where Airtel’s International Roaming Plans provide seamless connectivity allowing you to share every colorful moment with friends and family back home without interruptions One of the most memorable customs during the São João festival is the “kopel.” These are crowns made from leaves and fruits that festival-goers wear during the celebrations Wearing a kopel signifies Goan pride and adds to the aesthetic beauty of the entire festival Locals also organize traditional feasts called “zonn,” where freshly cooked Goan dishes like sorpotel and sannas are served Another distinctive tradition is the exchange of gifts and fruits among family members symbolizing gratitude for the blessings of the monsoon This makes the São João festival a perfect time to explore Goa’s rich heritage and participate in age-old customs that date back centuries Arriving early ensures you get a front-row view of all the action from the well-jumping ceremonies to the boat parades Make sure you immerse yourself in the local culture by wearing a kopel and even taking the plunge into a nearby pond or river capturing these moments will give you memories that last a lifetime Be sure to visit the northern regions of Goa as this is where the festival is celebrated with the most enthusiasm and Chapora are the ideal places to visit in São João to experience the heart of the festivities If you’re traveling to Goa specifically for the festival don’t forget to check out the local feni distilleries for a taste of Goa’s signature drink The São João festival offers a deep dive into Goa’s vibrant culture and traditions Whether you’re there to participate in the customs or simply enjoy the festive spirit this is one festival you won’t want to miss it’s a celebration that reflects the very essence of Goan life Remember, if you’re traveling internationally, Airtel’s International Roaming Plans will ensure that you stay connected throughout your journey You can easily share your experiences from the São João festival in real-time with friends and family while navigating the festival’s many attractions with ease Goa tourism department is actively promoting São João as a key cultural and monsoon tourism highlight Goa Tourism announced that it is all set to host one of its most awaited and vibrant festivals celebrated annually on June 24 in honour of St John the Baptist In a statement, Goa Tourism says that the festival deeply rooted in Goan culture and traditions and the unique custom of jumping into wells ponds and rivers as a symbol of gratitude and renewal The statement adds that preparations for the festival are in full swing and that the tourism department is actively promoting São João as a key cultural and monsoon tourism highlight inviting visitors to immerse themselves in this unique festival According to the statement, São João continues to attract both locals and tourists who wish to experience Goa’s cultural vibrancy beyond its beaches. Various events, including live music performances, rain dance parties, and contests celebrating traditional attire and Goan customs Celebrations take place across the state, with some of the most anticipated events happening in Siolim, Anjuna, Vagator, Morjim, Taleigao, and Candolim, where community gatherings showcase the essence of Goan hospitality and website in this browser for the next time I comment Follow me @mediaindiagroup Media India Group is a global platform founded in 2004 consultation services and event management Copyright © 2025 mediaindia.eu - All rights reserved The University of Rhode Island College of Nursing welcomed Assistant Professor Thaís São-João to the college in the spring of 2022 Learn about one of the College’s newest professors: University of Campinas (Brazil); Professor Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (Brazil) Thaís São-João focuses on health-related behavior change especially risk factors for diseases including diabetes she received grants from the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and from the São Paulo Research Foundation (Fapesp) as a tenured professor São-João is experienced in studies aimed at designing implementing and assessing nurse-driven interventions; as well as randomized controlled intervention studies in clinical settings She has expertise in research design and methods and in cultural adaptation and validation studies with a focus on people with noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular conditions She plans to initiate a COVID-19 study examining behaviors and attitudes regarding vaccination and mask-wearing São-João’s area of focus is on the fundamentals of medical/surgical nursing Why URI?: “What really touched my heart was the concern the university has for diversity and equity,” said Dr “I felt like I would be really challenged here and it would be a good place to learn and to teach.” She noted that there are greater opportunities for research funding at URI than she found in Brazil Text description provided by the architects. Located in a village in the interior of Portugal, Touro - Vila Nova de Paiva. Designed by José Morgado, a designer who lives and works in the village. This work was born out of the desire and generosity of the people of the small village to build a temple dedicated to St John the Baptist. torn by stereotomy and subtracted from the stylised form of the "house" shape is intended to be the home of St John the Baptist in the village who wears a simple appearance indicating the streak of light as a divine symbol You'll now receive updates based on what you follow Personalize your stream and start following your favorite authors If you have done all of this and still can't find the email Will the next pope continue Francis’s legacy Dozens of the "Princes of the Church" (Cardinals) from across the world have converged at the Vatican since the Pope Francis died on April 21 There are few clues as to who they might choose his successor it is not possible to predict the result of the conclave The conclave is likely to be convened on May 5 when the nine-day mourning period concludes...[By Philip Mudartha] [2 Comments] Read More... Thirty Seven Children Embrace Jesus in the Holy Eucharist at Bondel Church Bondel Parish joyfully celebrated their Community First Holy Communion coinciding with the Parish Establishment Day Read More... ’Education is the greatest asset’: Narayana P.M Education is the greatest asset among all other assets which has grown into a major hub of education A full-fledged medical college will also be opened here soon and students should Read More... A Grace-filled Day: Ten Children of Mount Rosary Church Receive First Holy Communion A spirit of joy and devotion filled Mount Rosary Church as ten graceful children received their First Holy Communion during a solemn Eucharistic celebration at 8:00 a.m Read More... The Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) meeting of Milagres College Kallinpur was held on May 3 Read More... Superintendent of Police Meenakshi Katyayan said Anna Steor (30) Read More... Israel’s military said that before the strike by fighter jets Read More... Dr. Roshan Martis of Moodubelle Placed Among Top Scientists of the WorldElsevier the global scientific journals publication agency’s associate. Read More This is a moment of immense pride for our entire school community who has brought great honour to our school by securing the 5th Rank at the State Level – an extraordinary Read More... observed its annual Thanksgiving Day with great devotion and gratitude on Sunday Jeppu.The solemn Eucharistic celebration was presided over Read More... The priestly ordination ceremony at Allipade church was celebrated with great devotion and enthusiasm on May 2 Fr Reuben Nishith Lobo was ordained by the bishop of Mangalore Read More... Mangaluru proudly congratulates Jesnia Correa for her outstanding performance at the Nationals of School Games Federation of India (SGFI) held in New Delhi from April 30 to May 3 Read More... members of the Catholic Sabha Bondel Unit gathered in the church mini-hall for a significant and prayerful ceremony marking the formal installation of the 2025–26 office bearers.The evening Read More... The town of historical and culturally rich Barkur is beaming with pride as its three major High Schools registered outstanding performances in the recently announced SSLC 2025 State Board Examination results Read More... The Regional Students Leadership Training Program (RSLTP) of the Young Catholic Students/Young Students Movement (YCS/YSM) began at Don Bosco Centre Read More... Hatred In today’s day when politics is creating rifts between people The author said that there is an urgent need to lift the pen to maintain social health Karnataka Bari Sahitya Academy President Umar U.H Read More... is making waves in the Indian entertainment industry through a series of successful musical events and innovative initiatives to uplift emerging Read More... Radhakrishnan unfurled the National Tricolour on the occasion of the 66th Maharashtra State Foundation Day at the State function held at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Park in Mumbai on Thursday Read More... More News With the spread of education as education is ‘perceived as the most important tool for both accumulation of social assets and formation and accumulation of social capital’ This was proved by research across disciplines It is a matter of great pride to the village in general and to the family in particular when one of their own achieves excellence in the field of their choice and rise to prominence at the national and international level more... HomeDestinationsInterestsTop Places to Travel by MonthSearchMenuBest time to go to Portugal One of the greatest street parties that ends with impressive fireworks On June 23, free concerts are held all over the city. Ten or more stages are set up for musicians of different genres. Avenida dos Aliados, Porto's central street, hosts the main stage with the most prominent Portuguese musicians. Past concerts featured artists like Marta Pereira da Costa, João Gil, Ala dos Namorados, Ana Bacalhau, Carlão, João Pedro Pais, and others. The main highlight of the holiday is the spectacular fireworks display, launched from the bridge of Dom Luís and over the banks of the Douro River exactly at midnight on June 23. The impressive extravaganza covers with entire sky over Porto with splashes of color. Thousands of people gather on the banks of the Douro River to celebrate and cheer. Make sure you arrive to watch the fireworks at least one hour in advance because the area gets really crowded. © Ivo Tavares StudioThe Illustration project A pathway through visual landscapes filled with mysterious plants and hidden animals An illustrated itinerary on large-scale panels that add little moments of dream and play to the walls This narrative inquires a bit of fantasy to a place meant to heal pain and suffering A place that holds many different histories: some sadder to fly away from the complexity of reality and rest Dozens of Goans celebrated the São João tradition at the Bear Creek Park in Surrey Responding to an initiative led by Fr Nixon D’Silva and Ashney Rebello about 60 Goans beat the Gumot and enjoyed wearing colourful Kopels besides taking part in various games for young and old with the highlight being the penalty shootout.  Fr Cannio Cardozo was also there to support the Goans at the event The sumptuous meal and the aroma of Xacuti and Sorpotel gave everyone the feel of being in Goa it imprinted on everyone the lasting memories Dubai Goans celebrated the traditional feast of São João at the Estrellas Rooftop Lounge - Canvas Hotel in Dubai on June 22 The Dubai São João celebrations was organised by Neville Menezes along with Billy Fernandes and Allen Patrick Fernandes The 9th edition of Festa São João saw a bigger guest count of 800+ join in the traditional festivities The fully sold out event kicked off in the pool along with music in the background The food and beverages kept the guests going for more Prizes were given away to the best ‘Kopel’ Loads of spot prizes were also presented throughout the evening It was a fun-filled family high energy event with kids entertainment Goan cuisine and 9 hours of non-stop music and entertainment.  Top musicians from Goa and Dubai – Raagas2Riches DJ Daenan and MC Falcon – provided music at the event Billy and Allen) also organise other events all year round in Dubai and World Goa Day to promote Goa’s rich culture and traditions The event was supported by That’s It (Healthy Food Meals Co.) The organisers have thanked Randolf Phillips and the management and staff of The Canvas Hotel - Dubai.  They also expressed their gratitude to all those who travelled from different parts of the globe to support the musicians performing in Dubai and be part of the São João celebrations in Dubai The next event for the Dubai Goans will be the First Konkan Food Festival on August 17 kids entertainment and authentic Goan cuisine.  armed with ‘Pidde’ and carrying seasonal fruit Abu Dhabi Goans brought the Goan community together in yet another spectacular Viva São João celebration at the 11th traditional event in the prestigious Abu Dhabi Country Club the Abu Dhabi Goans welcomed not a newly married couple Nine-month Sophia Silveira was the star of the show decked in her little white Kopel while her parents pushed in a trolley with a ‘Dhali’ of fruit enough to feed all the guests.  The São João procession made its joyful entry to the tunes of C Alvares’ ‘São João São João’ accompanied by the Ghumot and tambourines and the smacking of ‘Pidde’ on the dance floor The eight-hour event had the crowd on the floor all through with music provided by the Party Rockers (Tavia and Darine) The dance floor was packed to its limit for renditions of traditional Goan and Portuguese songs especially a march that snaked its way all through the ballroom The best Kopels were awarded to Lourdes D’Costa whose headdress was created from traditional date palm fronds accompanied by his family all carrying baskets of fruit and ‘Pidde’ whose Kopel was adorned with seasonal fruit Abu Dhabi Goans are a group committed to the community and to keeping Goan tradition alive amongst the diaspora in the UAE as well as introducing Goan culture to the wider community the other events presented by the Abu Dhabi Goans are ‘Viva Goa Viva Carnaval’ and the flagship ‘World Goa Day Abu Dhabi’ The group also gathers the community at smaller social gatherings supports the holistic development of the youth and encourages upcoming talent The events are all organised on a non-profit basis with the organising team often pooling in to offset expenses.  The organising team has also been supporting and responding to various appeals from Goa as well as supporting the Konkani community in various celebrations Professor Thaís São-João aims to improve quality of life for fishermen possibly increasing fish landing and impacting the blue economy Commercial fishermen are the most at-risk blue economy workers constantly exposed to hazardous working conditions Poor health has important implications for the social economic and environmental aspects of fisheries where health is a pivotal asset underpinning productivity This constant exertion severely affects fishermen’s health marine ecosystems and the local and national economy by decreasing the fish landing Fishing has always been a staple of Rhode Island’s blue economy continuously employing workers and generating high commercial value URI College of Nursing Assistant Professor Thaís São-João hopes to improve health conditions by studying the cardiometabolic health and quality of life of Rhode Island fishermen. Funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health the study aims to determine if improving health and quality of life could increase fishing productivity This study will take place in three ports in Rhode Island: Davisville, ProvPort and Newport. São-João—along with faculty mentor Kim Arcoleo and research partners Azure Cygler and Jennifer McCann from the URI Graduate School of Oceanography—will examine local fishermen’s cardiovascular health cardiometabolic protective and risk factors and fish landings outcomes reported by them physical activity and nicotine exposure will be used; and body measurements will be evaluated Dried blood spots will be used to collect lipids “Although there are exceptional federal regulations that provide information and policies focused on environment safety occupational safety risk and nature preservation and care provided to the commercial fishermen,” São-João said no relation between their health and how it affects the blue economy has been investigated Our results will inform the development of interventions to prevent fishermen from having poor health and quality of life and also to improve their overall health and quality of life in the future.” The study is designed considering the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development it relates to one of the four economic development goals proposed by the RI-Blue Economy Technology Cluster Coalition 2022-2025 Copyright © 2025 University of Rhode Island | University of Rhode Island URI is an equal opportunity employer committed to the principles of affirmative action some recuperandos (“recovering persons”) clean the São João-del-Rei APAC prisons in eastern Brazil WHEN GRAZIELA MARIANO'S former partner found out that she was in a relationship with someone else He didn’t accept the breakup,” the 34-year-old Brazilian said Investigators eventually traced his death back to her Mariano is waiting for her final sentence behind bars in the eastern city of São João del-Rei run by the Brazilian nonprofit Association for Protection and Assistance of Convicts (APAC) But we’re not handcuffed and there are no weapons,” Mariano said In the 68 facilities that the nonprofit manages across Brazil APAC implements a model in which inmates run aspects of the prison themselves Referred to as recuperandos (“recovering persons”) prisoners are called by their name rather than by a number works at night distributing medicine to fellow prisoners a psychologist who offers support to the more than 400 inmates at APAC in São João del-Rei “APAC is essentially about offering dignity to inmates The idea is to save the person’s identity to boost their self-esteem.” Created by a group of Brazilian Catholics in the early 1970s the acronym originally stood for Amando o Próximo Christianity remains at the heart of the nonprofit’s philosophy “God is the source of everything,” reads the final guiding principle of APAC’s decalogue Each section of an APAC prison has a prayer room with Bibles and a cross where inmates are encouraged to renew themselves and take time out for reflection when they feel overwhelmed Mariano was delighted to move to the APAC facility eight months ago She spent more than a year in a traditional prison: “I was pepper-sprayed and guards were very cruel.” Not once was she permitted to see her three children family ties are part of a prisoner’s rehabilitation Eléonore Hughes is a Franco-British journalist living in Rio de Janeiro.  Got something to say about what you're reading Goans in New Zealand celebrated São João with traditional fervour at the Freemans Bay Community Centre The event was held under the banner ‘Goan Cultural Evening’ which was themed on Goan culture and was meticulously planned to be a fun-filled and enjoyable evening The Freemans Bay Community Centre was filled to capacity with 270 attendees and the event was so popular that entry tickets sold out within days of going on sale.  Lazarus and Adelia Serrao designed and created a well as a photograph booth This was placed near the entrance of the hall and was very popular as attendees captured memories and recreated the experience of the leap in the well as is traditionally done in Goa on the feast of São João.  Also on display were traditional utensils used in Goan households like Kundlems With religious faith and prayer at the centre of Goan culture Goans started the event with a prayer and hymn in Konkani A procession of community members depicting traditional São Joã celebrations in Goa followed.  This was led by Carmelina and Sylvester D’Souza where all in the procession wore very colourful attire donned a Kopel and had Sylvester playing the Ghumot The procession entered the hall singing songs to São João and distributing fruit and pretend feni to everyone took to the stage and the programme commenced with a charming dance by the children took centre stage and entertained the audience with their wit and humour.  The programme included a wide variety for all age groups a Bollywood styled dance to upbeat Goan songs performed by a dynamic duo of sisters a dance depicting the Goan harvest season performed by women from our community young musical talent with Joshua Fernandez (bass) Allegra D’Souza singing a Portuguese jazz song and Shania DeSouza singing ‘Bebdo’.  A 25-strong choir sang 5 songs/Mandos and Dulpods in 4-part harmony arranged by local Goan musician and composer from Auckland There was also an original Konkani song composed and sung by local Goan tiatrist Agnelo Mascarenhas with Olwyn Almeida accompanying him on the keyboard Traditional Goan cuisine was also prepared by Goan caterers Sofie’s Goan Delights and Dona Lou’s Goan Delicacies on the occasion which included Goan dishes like Ros omelette “Community events like these are successfully organised because of regular and reliable key sponsors among us Our continued main sponsor for the Goan Cultural event was JR Tannen Director of JR Finance,” acknowledged GOANZ President Joel Pereira.  “The event was a resounding success and would not be possible without the hard work and commitment of my entire GOANZ Organising Committee Look out for your first newsletter in your inbox soon We help you navigate a myriad of 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Cascais the Mazzetti family has decided to open a traditional Roman restaurant in Cascais which the Rome-born Mazzetti family opened in São João do Estoril this June The family has traditionally been linked to this field managed several pizzerias in Rome and later in Portugal—where he has been a regular visitor over the last 25 years and has been permanently settled since 2007 he moved away from the restaurant business and ventured into other areas such as real estate and financial investments But he was drawn back to the world of Italian kitchens and flavours when one of his sons decided not to pursue his field of study and instead open a business focused on pinsas they reconnected with a Roman flour supplier whose head invented and registered the pinsa in 1981 It was at the company's academy in Rome that Niccolo Mazzetti trained to return to Portugal with the knowledge necessary to open his own restaurant with help from his father and siblings—Filippo assists with the restaurant's communication; Mariasole handled the decoration of the space they found in Galiza in the São João do Estoril area "Pinsas were created as a different version to innovate in the pizza market," explains Niccolo Mazzetti the pinsa is made with a mix of flours: rice there's no shortage of options with familiar names like the Margherita pinsa (€11.50) was named Luigi (€12.50) and includes fior di latte mozzarella You can also opt for the Vegan version (€14.50) and pistachio cream; or the Tuga (€14.95) which includes scrambled eggs with farinheira and coriander you can always try the sorrisi (€9.95) They currently serve the Ironico (€9.95) and basil; or the Soddisfatto (€9.95) a small pinsa with Nutella; Sicilian cannolo (€3.95) with sweet ricotta and pistachios; and a genuinely homemade tiramisu The vast majority of the ingredients come directly from Rome—like the tomato sauce The dough is made right there in Estoril with flours from Di Marco It undergoes a slow and natural fermentation for 24 hours in the fridge "Our mission is to make people feel like they're in Rome and so are the products." It's so natural that Pinsetti easily has this authentic appeal being a family restaurant and so close to its origins The space is also decorated with multiple references to the Italian capital from the postcards on the wall to the videos being broadcasted Pinsetti focuses on take-away and does not offer table service The goal is to be increasingly a practical place where you can pick up a pinsa—or just a slice—for a quick lunch or dinner but they plan to soon have their own delivery service + Sandocas opened its doors just three months ago and has quickly become a sensation. Thanks for subscribing! Look out for your first newsletter in your inbox soon! About us Contact us Scala Data Center has commenced operations at its new Rio de Janeiro data center The Brazilian data center provides a hyperscale capacity of 7.2MW and currently houses one anchor tenant The SGIGSM01 facility is located on the São João do Meriti campus which will offer 55MW of IT capacity at full build-out The new data center was built using Scala’s ‘FastDeploy,’ a proprietary design and construction methodology using modular structures that have been manufactured by Modular Data Centers The company claims this allowed it to deploy 'in record time' with construction starting in August 2022 and finishing in April 2023 The SGIGSM01 was first announced alongside the launch of FastDeploy in September 2022 “Our newest baby bringing light to a once dark place for hyperscalers," CEO Marcos Vinícius Peigo said on LinkedIn "Rio de Janeiro is now also enabled into the future!” Scala currently has five operational data centers across Brazil, offering a total capacity of 50MW. The company has another five facilities planned for 2023, three of which are for the São Paulo Tambore campus The company was formed by Digital Colony (now DigitalBridge) in 2020 Scala Data Centers has expanded across Latin America In October 2022, the company received a license to build a $400m campus in Chile with a total capacity of 120MW, and the next month signed a 1.6GW power purchase agreement (PPA) with Enel Americas for its data centers in Chile Data Centre Dynamics Ltd (DCD), 32-38 Saffron Hill, London, EC1N 8FH Email. [email protected]DCD is a subsidiary of InfraXmedia Goans in Swindon revelled in São João festivities for the first time in Swindon as they participated in the festival with traditional fervour and celebration at Swindon’s Queens Park on June 22 Among the guests at the event included the Goan Mayor of Swindon Imtiyaz Shaikh Mayoress and Councillor Adorabelle Amaral-Shaikh Heidi Alexander (MP candidate for South Swindon) and Will Stone (MP Candidate for North Swindon) The event included the traditional music from a brass band colourfully attired people wearing floral ‘kopels’ and garlands People from other nationalities also enjoyed the festival with many witnessed this Goan tradition for the first time “As a large number of Goans live in Swindon we felt honoured to showcase our traditional festival to the Goan community and our guests from other countries We wanted to take this opportunity to get them together to present them with a flavour of Goan culture,” said South Swindon Parish Councillor Domingos Seby Dias “This is the first time I have organised this event in Swindon after being elected as the South Swindon Parish Councillor and wish to thank Parish Councillor Joseph Pereira I would also like to thank South Swindon Parish for giving me this opportunity to showcase this event.” Agnelo Lobo and Nelson Menezes organised the music and a brass band at the festival while others who offered their support included Tommy Afonso “Nelson Menezes from Swindon arranged the Brass Band to make it happen but what touched me was that his family had just arrived on May 29 and his son Joaquim and daughter Nicola Menezes were there in the group playing along to keep the mood on a high note,” said Domingos The Rhythmix Goa Choir group comprising 120+ children and 35+ children under Sheila D’Souza also performed as a group ‘Stars of Swindon’ on the day to keep the people enjoying and dancing to the tunes.  along with Ethina Bianca Da Costa of Hounslow performed at the festival.  “They have shown their talent by singing in Konkani despite the fact that they do not speak the language But they came all the way from Hounslow to sing Konkani songs for the Goans in Swindon as well as Ethina Bianca Da Costa's parents who came all the way from Honslow,” said Domingo Music was also provided by the band ‘ReGoa’ as well as DJ Theo The revellers were treated to Goan dishes and other delicacies prepared by Valankani Caterers Domingos also expressed his gratitude to Mayor Imtiyaz Shaikh for his support at the festival Imtiyaz Shaikh commended the organisers for presenting the festival in Swindon “It has always been our goal to introduce Goan culture to larger audiences in the UK and I'm happy to share that it was well received,” said Imtiyaz “The principal aim of São João was to celebrate the feast and to create a reason for all communities to come together I'm happy to participate and be able to help out with local activities Bravo to everyone who helped plan and volunteer for this lovely feast celebration The sponsors at the event included South Swindon parish The Goan Association in Paris organised its annual São João celebration with a Mass at the Parish Church of Saint Dominique The event was organised by Goan Association in Paris committee members led by Camilo Felix Cardozo The Mass in Konkani was celebrated by Fr Elvin Lopes from Honnavar-Karnataka who is pursuing his theological studies in Paris.  Flaviana Fernandes (piano) and Renissa Fernandes (violin) led the choir while the liturgical parts were read by the children in Konkani Goans proceeded to the Church hall for a party The people danced to the tunes of Goan music initiated by DJ Mosses Rodrigues while Viona Cardozo compered the programme and guessing my weight (Jackfruit) conducted for all participants.  Andrea Bonifacio guessed the weight of the jackfruit and won it comfortably while the lottery was won by John da Costa The surprise prizes were won by Valencio Alphonso “Everyone interacted with each other and enjoyed the day The programme enabled the participants to express gratitude to God for the gift of São João and thereby deepen the bonds of being Goans in a foreign land,” said Camilo Felix Cardozo but no education in port would be complete without a journey upstream to the soulful quintas of Pinhão ​in the ​Douro ​Valley This article is produced by National Geographic Traveller (UK).In the growing heat of late morning I'm having a hard time separating memories from dreams woman and child in Porto roamed this neighbourhood cheerfully hitting each other on the head with squeaky plastic hammers There's no other party quite like the São João Festival — in part because Porto's massive midsummer celebration remains a relatively local affair as Porto's citizens call themselves) arm themselves with martelos and get into the spirit of walloping passers-by a tradition derived from an old courtship ritual There's a violent pounding in my skull and I know the culprits: the hammers São João is about Porto celebrating Porto — its heritage And a large part of the city's identity is wound up in its most famous export: port wine In among the festival's sprawling encampment of rustic grills I'd found makeshift bars laden with assorted bottles of the stuff My morning wander takes me across the Dom Luís I Bridge to Vila Nova de Gaia the district of old port houses and riverfront restaurants I just have time to push around a serving of flappy tripe and beans (I'm not quite a Tripeiro yet) before there's a commotion on the riverbank Those of us who have made it out of bed are rewarded by the sight of a dozen or so old-fashioned barges charging along the Douro each flying a sail emblazoned with the motif of a major port house the final flourish of the São João Festival The race harks back to the 19th and early 20th centuries when wine barrels were still shipped from the vineyards of the Douro Valley to age in the cool cellars of Porto Everyone on the bank has picked a team to root for But it's not a graceful contest: the wind (or perhaps the crews' hangovers) sends the boats careening into each other like a whimsical version of bumper cars When one finally breaks free from the fray and passes under the bridge there's raucous cheering and a man in folksy traditional get up — I imagine he must be the mayor — darts off with his retinue to greet the winning crew It's my cue to head for the train station. My visit to Porto was but an aperitif to my real education in port. A picturesque train journey takes me into the Douro Valley and to Pinhão, home to one of the world's oldest and most intriguing port wine estates, Quinta do Noval winding drive from the tiny station and the Noval estate comes into view: a white manor house set high on the slopes of a dramatic valley Terraces trace the undulating contours of the land A donkey and two farmhands labour among the vines but otherwise the scene is still and the only noise is birdsong hits upon a theory as we take a tour: "Very often great wines come from very pretty places." Perhaps there's a direct correlation I suggest; I'd be very willing to conduct the research The air smells of wet slate and musty earth but doesn't look like much — a small plot of vines When the phylloxera bug decimated Europe's vineyards in late 19th century "We don't know why," Anna concedes The rhythms here don't follow the rest of the vineyard." Elsewhere vines had to be replanted on resistant rootstocks from America; but not Nacional it's producing some of the world's most highly prized port a bottle of the 2010 Nacional Vintage Port is opened and it turns out there are no wrong answers It seems unnatural that I've reached the pinnacle of my port wine tasting career so quickly — from nameless port in a party cup to a famous rare vintage in 24 hours — especially because time and patience seem to be important players at Quinta do Noval has been working here for more than 40 years And Anna tells me there have been ghost sightings in one of the top bedrooms which I take as further evidence of the leisurely pace of things Someone's just taking their time to depart When a storm suddenly breaks over the valley with raindrops the size of almonds barraging the French windows I take my cue from the phantom upstairs and nestle a little deeper into my chair Goans based in Qatar celebrated São João festival under the banner of ‘Goan Community Qatar’ with traditional fervour and with a large dash of traditional touch and they experienced Goan hospitality and the vibrant spirit of the community and its culture at the colorful event celebrated every year on June 24 in honour of St John the Baptist is one occasion when Goans living abroad go all-out to drench themselves in Goan tradition and revelries From dressing up in vibrant and colourful attire donning the floral headgear called kopel to preparing traditional Goan food The event witnessed a crowd of varying ages who took special delight and enjoyed the event to the thrill It is worthwhile to mention that it is the first time São João festival is held in Qatar on such a grand scale and served home food Rita and Sherwin D’Souza were the youngest couple while Teresa and Simon Silveira were the Senior couple who were thrilled to experience our festivities We had some live music played by Joshua Carlos on the saxophone Martin played the ghumot and also the Jambe It was a great feeling to be surrounded by the entire Goan community." Martin Mascarenhas added: “We try to keep the spirit of the festivities very local Our guests came with colourful dresses and head gears - kopels - giving it a vibrant spirit.” The São João party kept Goa's spirit alive and the Goans tapping their feet to Goan numbers with various prizes and contests for children and adults The party in Qatar kicked off with the singing of the popular Konkani song by C Alvares on ‘São João’ followed by other songs The Goan element continued with guests stuffing themselves up with traditional Chouriço Pão Chouriço meat all cooked at home by Allister Pereira while Chouriço was done by Kevin Dias (Atlas India) the main sponsor of the event Maria Alves and daughters Neha and Mabel also assisted in food preparation All the food and activities were done by volunteers of the Goa Community of Qatar Salad was prepared by Jessie Rodrigues e De Sa along with Eva Nunes and Vandana Fernandes and different fruits from Goa were on display at the event The decoration at the venue was arranged by Libby Fernandes of Chandor The function started with a march past while the various winners of the children and adult game winners along with housie prize were awarded The other highlights of the event were Peter Braganza bringing a fruit Vhojem Malini bringing in a baked cake while Maria Goretti Pereira came with a large Vhojem of Atol/Godshem all which were relished by the guests and appreciated Sebastiao Mascarenhas kept the crowd engaged the entire time with several activities including his trademark humour Vailan Fernandes (youth) interned with him DJ Nelson Fernandes played a variety of Konkani songs along with English Hindi and Portuguese and kept the crowd busy dancing all the time Sponsors for the event were Kevin Dias (Atlas Trading and Contracting Company) Rosefern Fernandes and DJ Nelson Fernandes A number of games were played on the occasion the winners were Lovett Marquis (first) and Stany Desa (second) in the adults category and Skyler Monteah (first) and Mia Fernandes (second) in the childrens category the winners were Theresa Silveira (first) and Anvica Fernandes (second) The Group Goan Community Qatar was convened under the leadership of Martin Mascarenhas and John De Sa Committee members consist of seniors from the Goan community and youths (second generation Goans born and raised in Qatar) Aaron Fernandes Shawn Dias and Vailan Fernandes and Queenie Fernandes the last two named who prepared the São João backdrop The Goan Community Qatar Team Members were leeks and comfortable sneakers are some of the essential tips for enjoying Porto's longest night even more we’ve prepared a the ultimate guide to ‘survive’ São João in Porto not leaving home without leeks and much more… These are some basic but essential tips for making the most of Porto’s longest night Let’s take a look at this indispensable ‘survival guide’ then take advantage and bring them to the party the risk of getting hit on the head a lot is pretty high this is a good strategy for enjoying the longest night of the year without having to take a painkiller at the end your ‘survival’ kit needs a hammer Part of our tradition is to carry a hammer in our hand That’s because you’re about to make your debut in the brave new world of São João festival any guide to São João in Porto must include this tip don’t even think about leaving the house without being mentally prepared for the tide of hammers and leeks that will flood throught the streets of Invicta just as it’s advisable to protect your head And so you have a foolproof ‘protection’kit So don’t you dare leave the house without sneakers and/or other comfortable footwear which illuminate the Ribeira do Porto with light and color This is truly one of the most spectacular moments of the festivities try to arrive as early as possible to get a good spot you risk getting lost in the crowd that ‘invades’ our streets don’t you dare leave the place as soon as the fireworks are over… Wait a bit or you’ ll feel like a canned sardine A common mistake is to think that you can stay up all night in your finery the São João night is synonymous with walking it ‘s essential that you take a good mood with you 21st June 2024 – The Department of Tourism is set to host the annual grand celebration for Sao Joao at Helipad Dauji- Ella Old Goa on 24 June (10 AM-10 PM) Director Tourism & Managing Director GTDC John the Baptist but also reinforces community bonds and celebrates the natural beauty and abundance of rains we aim to bring together locals and tourists to enjoy and cherish the Sao Joao festivities.” Sao Joao is a traditional Goan festival celebrated with great enthusiasm The festival will feature Konkani programs by Lawry Additionally the event will also feature Cultural Entertainment This year attendees can be part of a celebration that recognises the best efforts of the community with contests like – Best Koppel Contest Best Sao Joao Outfit Contest-Individual/Couple Best Traditional Cookery Contest and Games like Pot Breaking and Coconut Rolling deeply rooted in Catholic tradition and the rhythms of the monsoon season The Department of Tourism seeks to foster a deeper appreciation for local customs among residents and tourists alike the state aims to boost tourism by showcasing the unique and vibrant traditions of Goa inviting visitors to experience the authenticity and warmth of Goan hospitality and colorful celebrations FiiRE Business Incubation Centre Don Bosco College of Engineering 403602 Senior citizens were treated to traditional São João festivities at ‘The Hub’ in Wood Green-North London on June 28 from 12 noon to 6 pm It was the first event hosted by the Wisel Production Sports the famous São João song was led by Cassey Alfonso and guests joining in while some were dancing and enjoying every bit of the traditional acts.  The entire hall was abuzz with music dished out by DJ Xavier from Nite Life The guests made efforts to dress up with colourful outfits headgears and garlands.  kept the momentum going from start to finish.  Caterers served delicious snacks and food along with Indian dessert thanked the guests for attending the event and mentioned that there are more functions in the pipeline He had a special praise for his wife Ilona for supporting him with his creative ideas for putting a lot of effort in making the function a success.  The guests who attended the function praised the organisers for giving them a quality function and an enjoyable afternoon Look forward to some more shows from Wisel Promotions,” said Julietta Dourado Eusebio and Flory Dias said they along with eight others were privileged to attend the Wisel Production function “The guests dressed up in truly colourful attire The breaking of coconuts was the highlight of the event Bella and Cassey and we look forward to the next one,” said Eusebio Walter and Marillia also said it was a well-organised São João show.  “The São João song sung by Cassey Alfonso brought tears of joy to our eyes Keep the Goan spirit flowing,” said Walter Jacinto Lourdes and Tamsin said it was “a great occasion good fun Colossal To honor essential workers, Portuguese artist Alexandre Farto, who goes by Vhils (previously) recently completed an expansive public artwork at the São João University Hospital Centre in Porto Vhils chiseled 10 masked figures into an outdoor wall at the facility “It is a commendation of the courage and selflessness with which they place their lives at risk in the defense of our own,” the artist says “The disposition of the people in the composition aims to symbolize not only the concept of frontline but also cooperation and teamwork.” Follow Vhils on Instagram to keep up with his upcoming carved artworks, and check out the book he recently released that collects his public projects Do stories and artists like this matter to you? Become a Colossal Member now Join more than 200,000 subscribers and get the best of art and visual culture from Colossal Copyright © 2025 Colossal. See our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy Our newsletter hand-delivers the best bits to your inbox Sign up to unlock our digital magazines and also receive the latest news Porto you can see the inside of the National Theatre even if you don’t have a ticket for a show The guided tours take in the splendid main auditorium instagramAbout us CloudHQ is to develop a new data center campus in Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro governor Cláudio Castro signed an MOU with CloudHQ last week for the project "We are excited to further implement this project which will be CloudHQ's second data center in Brazil,” said CloudHQ VP Jose Fraga “The site will have the highest standards of excellence offering our customers a state-of-the-art structure We will further drive development technology in the State of Rio de Janeiro.” will feature a single two-story building offering 36MW across 309,300 sq ft (28,735 sqm) The company has reportedly already acquired the land With an investment of R1.7 billion (US$342.5 million) the project is expected to come into operation in September 2025 "Building a data center in Rio de Janeiro is modernizing Rio de Janeiro's society as a whole data processing and telecommunications services distance education and telemedicine gain more performance,” said Castro This will be CloudHQ’s second site in Brazil. The company broke ground on a 228MW campus in São Paulo state in March 2023 The first phase will comprise three buildings CloudHQ also notes developments in Chicago It has previously listed plans for a development in Amsterdam A version of this story appeared on our Brazilian edition Data Centre Dynamics Ltd (DCD), 32-38 Saffron Hill, London, EC1N 8FH Email. [email protected]DCD is a subsidiary of InfraXmedia was pleased this afternoon with the number of visitors that the golden island is receiving at this time which is great for what we have prepared and for all those who work at São João It’s a whole month of festivities where the population of Porto Santo spreads what is their culture above all else the opening day of the food and drink stalls and I think everything was done and the poster was well chosen” one of the headline groups at the São João festivities are already on the ‘Golden Island’ to prepare for the concert with the promise of 10 days of entertainment on three different stages in the center of Vila Baleira Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email  announced the mobilization of the SPT-129 workover rig from BRASERV PETRÓLEO LTDA ("Braserv") to the São João oil and gas field The workover program targets new oil production from 14 additional zones in three wells (SJ-11 The Company holds 100% working and operating interest in the field The oil and gas field is located in the Barreirinhas basin in the state of Maranhão and has total proved plus probable ("2P") oil reserves of 1.9 MMboe with a NPV10 valuation of $73.5 million with more than .895 MMboe (2P reserves) in the three wells being targeted The workover program will test new zones as follows: The SPT-129 is a modern-built rig and was recently renovated The rig is scheduled to arrive by January 25 the company has expanded the production facilities and storage capacity to ensure it is well prepared for the increased production Braserv is a Brazilian company highly-specialized in onshore completion and workover services and has been in operation since 2009 development and production of crude oil and natural gas resources in Brazil The company holds 100% operating and working interests in 41 licenses totaling 272,912 acres in two different producing basins in Brazil hospitals in Portugal continue to struggle with budget cuts and staff shortages the radiology unit at São João University Hospital has managed to make high quality imaging affordable Download your print version here.Photos: João Pedro MarnotoCarla Pinto goes toward the waiting room of the radiology unit Centro Hospitalar São João in Porto The name of the next patient appears automatically on the X-ray technician’s tablet There’s hardly a free seat left in the waiting room The university hospital in the north of Portugal is one of the best-known medical establishments in the whole country But in recent years that has become a problem Portugal is recovering from the severe economic downturn only slowly And its healthcare system still bears the scars left by the crisis and the government’s radical austerity measures The university hospital’s radiology unit has had to save money Its scanning equipment was last renewed in 2005 But patients don’t really notice this shortage CT radiographer Carla Pinto explains why: “Our new scanner platform does image postprocessing with Recon&GO automatically This gives me time to prepare for the next patient’s examination without having to rush.” She says she gains a huge amount of time this way: “Postprocessing used to take me up to fifteen minutes With the new system the workflows are much quicker While I used to get through 12 examinations a day now I can scan up to 50 patients,” says Pinto more efficient workflows were precisely what the radiology unit was hoping for when it acquired the innovative SOMATOM go.Up CT scanner at the end of 2016 Isabel Ramos explains: “Our patient numbers are increasing by ten percent a year Last year alone we did 370,000 examinations With the old equipment and limited personnel that was almost impossible to manage without a detrimental effect on the comfort of staff and patients.” The new scanner platform has also enabled the radiology unit to boost quality in medical terms “The diagnostic quality of the new CT scanner is fantastic,” says radiologist Rui Cunha Another advantage: “The new platform saves us radiologists a huge amount of time Because the automated scan protocol includes all scan areas as standard we no longer have to explain to the technicians in advance precisely what images we’re going to need.” Radiologist Antonio Madureira adds: “With the new scanner’s Stellar detector we can work at very low doses and still get high-quality images As well as boosting the medical quality and the safety of patients and staff this saves us costs as we use less contrast medium.” Carla Pinto emphasizes the completely new way of working that is made possible thanks to the new technology saying that this benefits patients in particular What impresses her most besides the innovative single room concept is the system’s tablet control “I used to be permanently flitting between the scanner and control rooms Now that I can carry the tablet with me to access scan functions I move around much more freely and spend more time with the patient,” explains Pinto She says this is particularly important with children and others who are anxious “The fact that I’m right there with them is comforting for patients which means they don’t move around as much and the images turn out better.” Manuel Meyer reports from Spain and Portugal for the German medical newspaper ÄrzteZeitung traveled across the Atlantic Ocean with a hull filled with human cargo: captive Africans from Angola most likely from the kingdoms of Ndongo and Kongo Almost half the captives had died by the time the ship was seized by two English pirate ships; the remaining Africans were taken to Point Comfort the capital of the English colony of Virginia which the Virginia Company of London had established 12 years earlier The colonist John Rolfe wrote to Sir Edwin Sandys a “Dutch man of war” arrived in the colony and “brought not anything but 20 and odd Negroes which the governor and cape merchant bought for victuals.” The Africans were most likely put to work in the tobacco fields that had recently been established in the area [Read our essay on why American schools can’t teach slavery right.] Forced labor was not uncommon — Africans and Europeans had been trading goods and people across the Mediterranean for centuries — but enslavement had not been based on race introduced a system of slavery that was commercialized Enslaved people were seen not as people at all but as commodities to be bought Though people of African descent — free and enslaved — were present in North America as early as the 1500s the sale of the “20 and odd” African people set the course for what would become slavery in the United States the Roman Catholic Church divided the world in half granting Portugal a monopoly on trade in West Africa and Spain the right to colonize the New World in its quest for land and gold Pope Nicholas V buoyed Portuguese efforts and issued the Romanus Pontifex of 1455 which affirmed Portugal’s exclusive rights to territories it claimed along the West African coast and the trade from those areas plunder and “reduce their persons to perpetual slavery.” Queen Isabella invested in Christopher Columbus’s exploration to increase her wealth and ultimately rejected the enslavement of Native Americans that authorized the direct shipment of captive Africans for trade as human commodities in the Spanish colonies in the Americas Eventually other European nation-states — the Netherlands Denmark and England — seeking similar economic and geopolitical power joined in the trade exchanging goods and people with leaders along the West African coast who ran self-sustaining societies known for their mineral-rich land and wealth in gold and other trade goods They competed to secure the asiento and colonize the New World It was endorsed by the European nation-states and based on race and it resulted in the largest forced migration in the world: Some 12.5 million men women and children of African descent were forced into the trans-Atlantic slave trade The sale of their bodies and the product of their labor brought the Atlantic world into being status began to be defined by race and class freedom was limited to maintain the enterprise of slavery and ensure power In 1624, after her brother’s death, Ana Njinga gained control of the kingdom of Ndongo the Portuguese were trying to colonize Ndongo and nearby territory in part to acquire more people for its slave trade Njinga was forced to flee in the face of Portuguese attack she conquered a nearby kingdom called Matamba Njinga continued to fight fiercely against Portuguese forces in the region for many years and she later provided shelter for runaway slaves and Matamba traded with it on equal economic footing where she is held up as an emblem of resistance and courage “The iron entered into our souls,” lamented a formerly enslaved man named Caesar as he remembered the shackles he had to wear during his forced passage from his home in Africa to the New World Used as restraints around the arms and legs the coarse metal cut into captive Africans’ skin for the many months they spent at sea Children made up about 26 percent of the captives Because governments determined by the ton how many people could be fitted onto a slave ship enslavers considered children especially advantageous: They could fill the boat’s small spaces allowing more human capital in the cargo hold Africans were crammed into ships with no knowledge of where they were going or if they would be released This forced migration is known as the Middle Passage and there I received such a salutation in my nostrils as I had never experienced in my life: so that I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat nor had I the least desire to taste anything starvation and violence were common aboard slave ships and roughly 15 percent of each ship’s enslaved population died before they ever reached land Suicide attempts were so common that many captains placed netting around their ships to prevent loss of human cargo and therefore profit; working-class white crew members committed suicide or ran away at port to escape the brutality Enslaved people did not meekly accept their fate Approximately one out of 10 slave ships experienced resistance ranging from individual defiance (like refusing to eat or jumping overboard) to full-blown mutiny This portrait by John Greenwood connects slavery and privilege through the image of a group of Rhode Island sea captains and merchants drinking at a tavern in the Dutch colony of Surinam These men made money by trading the commodities produced by slavery globally — among the North American colonies the Caribbean and South America — allowing them to secure political positions and determine the fate of the nation The men depicted here include the future governors Nicholas Cooke and Joseph Wanton; Esek Hopkins a future commander in chief of the Continental Navy; and Stephen Hopkins who would eventually become one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence All children borne in this country shall be held bond or free only according to the condition of the mother.’ The use of enslaved laborers was affirmed — and its continual growth was promoted — through the creation of a Virginia law in 1662 that decreed that the status of the child followed the status of the mother which meant that enslaved women gave birth to generations of children of African descent who were now seen as commodities This natural increase allowed the colonies — and then the United States — to become a slave nation The law also secured wealth for European colonists and generations of their descendants even as free black people could be legally prohibited from bequeathing their wealth to their children racial and class hierarchies were being coded into law: In the 1640s escaped bondage with two white indentured servants his companions received additional years of servitude while Punch was determined enslaved for life in which free and enslaved black people aligned themselves with poor white people and yeoman white farmers against the government more stringent laws were enacted that defined status based on race and class Black people in America were being enslaved for life while the protections of whiteness were formalized Before cotton dominated American agriculture sugar drove the slave trade throughout the Caribbean and Spanish Americas Sugar cane was a brutal crop that required constant work six days a week burned and killed those involved in its cultivation The life span of an enslaved person on a sugar plantation could be as little as seven years plantation owners worked their enslaved laborers to death and prepared for this high “turnover” by ensuring that new enslaved people arrived on a regular basis to replace the dying The British poet William Cowper captured this ethos when he wrote for how could we do without sugar or rum?” The sweetening of coffee and tea took precedence over human life and set the tone for slavery in the Americas Enslaved Africans had known freedom before they arrived in America and they fought to regain it from the moment they were taken from their homes rebelling on plantation sites and in urban centers a group of enslaved Africans in the South Carolina colony where they killed two storekeepers and seized weapons and ammunition the rebels “marched on with Colours displayed and two Drums beating” along the Stono River entreating other members of the enslaved community to join them where they were promised freedom if they fought as the first line of defense against British attack was the largest slave uprising in the mainland British colonies Between 60 and 100 black people participated in the rebellion; about 40 black people and 20 white people were killed and other freedom fighters were captured and questioned put a 10-year moratorium on the importation of enslaved Africans and passed the Negro Act of 1740 education and moving abroad among the enslaved The Stono Rebellion was only one of many rebellions that occurred over the 246 years of slavery in the United States Enslaved black people came from regions and ethnic groups throughout Africa they carried with them memories of loved ones and communities they relied on these memories to create new practices infused with old ones In the Low Country region of the Carolinas and Georgia planters specifically requested skilled enslaved people from a region stretching from Senegal to Liberia who were familiar with the conditions ideal for growing rice Charleston quickly became the busiest port for people shipped from West Africa The coiled or woven baskets used to separate rice grains from husks during harvest were a form of artistry and technology brought from Africa to the colonies they also served as a source of artistic pride and a way to stay connected to the culture and memory of the homeland that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” So begins the Declaration of Independence the document that eventually led to the creation of the United States But the words point to the paradox the nation was built on: Even as the colonists fought for freedom from the British they maintained slavery and avoided the issue in the Constitution seized any opportunity to secure their freedom Some fought for it through military service in the Revolutionary War whether serving for the British or the patriots Others benefited from gradual emancipation enacted in states like Pennsylvania if they were men — the law was meant to compensate slaveholders by keeping people enslaved during some of their most productive years [How was slavery taught in your school? We want to hear your story.] Yet the demand for a growing enslaved population to cultivate cotton in the Deep South was unyielding Congress implemented the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves which terminated the country’s legal involvement in the international slave trade but put new emphasis on the domestic slave trade which relied on buying and selling enslaved black people already in the country often separating them from their loved ones the international trade continued illegally.) The ensuing forced migration of over a million African-Americans to the South guaranteed political power to the slaveholding class: The Three-Fifths Clause that the planter elite had secured in the Constitution held that three-fifths of the enslaved population was counted in determining a state’s population and thus its congressional representation The economic and political power grab reinforced the brutal system of slavery urging him to correct his “narrow prejudices” and to “eradicate that train of absurd and false ideas and opinions which so generally prevails with respect to us.” Banneker also condemned Jefferson’s slaveholding in his letter and included a manuscript of his almanac Jefferson was unconvinced of the intelligence of African-Americans and in his swift reply only noted that he welcomed “such proofs as you exhibit” of black people with “talents equal to those of the other colors of men.” African-Americans took their cause to statehouses and courthouses where they vigorously fought for their freedom and the abolition of slavery an enslaved woman in Massachusetts whose husband died fighting during the Revolutionary War The new Massachusetts Constitution of 1780 stated that “All men are born free and equal essential and unalienable rights; among which may be reckoned the right of enjoying and defending their lives and liberties.” Arguing that slavery violated this sentiment Bett changed her name to Elizabeth Freeman to signify her new status Her precedent-setting case helped to effectively bring an end to slavery in Massachusetts ‘If one minute’s freedom had been offered to me and I had been told I must die at the end of that minute relied on their faith to hold onto their humanity under the most inhumane circumstances Richard Allen and other black congregants walked out of services at St George’s Methodist Episcopal Church in Philadelphia to protest its segregated congregations had moved to Philadelphia after purchasing his freedom where he initially preached to integrated congregations It quickly became clear that integration went only so far: He was directed to preach a separate service designated for black parishioners Dismayed that black people were still treated as inferiors in what was meant to be a holy space Allen founded the African Methodist Episcopal denomination and started the Mother Bethel A.M.E churches like Allen’s were places not only of sanctuary but also of education providing resources to navigate a racist society in a slave nation Allen and his successors connected the community pursued social justice and helped guide black congregants as they transitioned to freedom The African Methodist Episcopal Church grew rapidly; today at least 7,000 A.M.E The national dialogue surrounding slavery and freedom continued as the demand for enslaved laborers increased which made it possible to clean cotton faster and get products to the market more quickly and the country became a global economic force But the land for cultivating it was eventually exhausted and the nation would have to expand to keep up with consumer demand Thomas Jefferson struck a deal with Napoleon Bonaparte the Louisiana Purchase: In exchange for $15 million the United States gained almost 830,000 square miles of land doubling the size of the country and expanding America’s empire of slavery and cotton the United States abolished the international slave trade the domestic slave trade increased as an estimated one million enslaved people were sent to the Deep South to work in cotton “Benevolent men have voluntarily stepped forward to obviate the consequences of this injustice and barbarity,” proclaimed the Rev. Peter Williams Jr. in a historic speech about the end of the nation’s involvement in the trans-Atlantic slave trade “They have striven assiduously to restore our natural rights; to guaranty them from fresh innovations; to furnish us with necessary information; and to stop the source from whence our evils have flowed.” A free black man who founded St Williams spoke in front of a white and black audience on Jan 1808 — the day the United States ban on the international slave trade went into effect Williams forced the audience to confront slavery’s ugliness as he continued “Its baneful footsteps are marked with blood; its infectious breath spreads war and desolation; and its train is composed of the complicated miseries of cruel and unceasing bondage.” His oration further defined a black view of freedom that had been building since the foundation of the country as when the formerly enslaved poet Phillis Wheatley noted in 1774,“for in every human Breast which we call love of Freedom; it is impatient of Oppression As demand for cotton grew and the nation expanded codified and regulated — as did the lives of all enslaved people The sale of enslaved people and the products of their labor secured the nation’s position as a global economic and political powerhouse but they faced increasingly inhumane conditions They were hired out to increase their worth sold to pay off debts and bequeathed to the next generation bankers and ship builders in the North; to the elite planter class working-class slave catchers and slave dealers in the South; to the yeoman farmers and poor white people who could not compete against free labor President Andrew Jackson implemented his plan for Indian removal ripping another group of people from their ancestral lands in the name of wealth opposition — both moral and economic — gained momentum Interracial abolition efforts grew in force as enslaved people free black people and some white citizens fought for the end of slavery and a more inclusive definition of freedom and it came to a head after Abraham Lincoln was elected president; a month later citing “an increasing hostility on the part of the nonslaveholding states to the institution of slavery” as a cause and 246 years after the “20 and odd Negroes” were sold in Virginia the 13th Amendment ensured that the country would never again be defined as a slave nation Rhoda Phillips’s name was officially written down for the first time in 1832 She was purchased when she was around 1 year old The enslaver Thomas Gleaves eventually acquired Rhoda He bequeathed her to his family in his will She remained enslaved by them until the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 Rhoda is believed to have married a man and had eight children with him the Gleaves family ran an obituary in The Nashville Banner that showed the family still could not see the inhumanity of slavery Gleaves and has lived with the family all her life She was one of the old-time darkies that are responsible for the making of so many of their young masters.” In this daguerreotype of Rhoda and in contrast to the practice at the time enslaved people were shown holding white children or in the background of a family photo Rhoda’s story highlights one of the perversities of slavery: To the Gleaves Rhoda was a family member even as they owned her On March 16, 1827, the same year that slavery was abolished in New York, Peter Williams Jr. co-founded Freedom’s Journal, the first newspaper owned and operated by African-Americans. A weekly New York paper, it was edited by John Russwurm and Samuel Cornish, who wrote in their first editorial Too long has the publick been deceived by misrepresentations.” Russwurm and Cornish wanted the paper to strengthen relations among newly freed black people living in the North and counter racist and hostile representations of African-Americans in other papers the paper circulated in 11 states and internationally Freedom’s Journal served as inspiration for other black newspapers there were at least two dozen black-owned papers in the country The renowned abolitionist and scholar Frederick Douglass used his newspapers to call for and to secure social justice Sally was able to remain with her children but most enslaved women had to endure their children being forcibly taken from them Their ability to bear children — their “increase” — was one of the reasons they were so highly valued Laws throughout the country ensured that a child born to an enslaved woman was also the property of the enslaver to do with as he saw fit whether to make the child work or to sell the child for profit Many enslaved women were also regularly raped and there were no laws to protect them; white men could do what they wanted without reproach including selling the offspring — their offspring — that resulted from these assaults Many white women also served as enslavers; there was no alliance of sisterhood among slave mistresses and the black mothers and daughters they claimed as property along with about 70 enslaved and free black people putting it into effect following a solar eclipse He and his recruits freed enslaved people and killed white men sparing only a number of poor white people They killed nearly 60 people over two days before being overtaken by the state militia but he was found and hanged a few months later It was one of the deadliest revolts during slavery a powerful act of resistance that left enslavers scared — both for their lives and for the loss of their “property.” The Virginia resident Eleanor Weaver reflected on the events stating in a letter to family members: “We hope our government will take some steps to put down Negro preaching It is those large assemblies of Negroes causes the mischief.” More stringent laws went into effect that controlled the lives of black people started a slave patrol in Pittsylvania County that would “visit all Negro quarters and other places suspected of entertaining unlawful assemblies of slaves .. orany others strolling from one plantation to another without a pass from his or her master or mistress or overseer and take them before the next justice of the peace is hereby required to order every such slave .. not exceeding 20 on his or her back.” Slave patrols throughout the nation were created by white people who were fearful of rebellion and were seeking to protect their human property While overseers were employed on plantation sites as a means of control slave patrols — which patrolled plantations woods and public areas — were thought to serve the larger community While slave patrols tried to enforce laws that limited the movement of the enslaved community which required that all citizens aid in the capturing of fugitive enslaved black people Lack of compliance was considered breaking the law enabled enslavers to pursue runaway enslaved persons The 1850 act — which created a legal obligation for Americans regardless of their moral views on slavery to support and enforce the institution — divided the nation and undergirded the path to the Civil War Black people could not testify on their own behalf so if a white person incorrectly challenged the status of a free black person the person was unable to act in his or her own defense and could be enslaved went to court to claim his freedom after his enslaver transported him into a free state and territory The Supreme Court determined his fate when Chief Justice Roger B could petition the court because they were not “citizens within the meaning of the Constitution.” By statute and interpretation of the law black people in America were dehumanized and commodifiedin order to maintain the economic and political power supported by slavery It is unclear whether Jacob Johns was enslaved recently freed or a free man when he enlisted in the Union Army as a sergeant in the 19th United States Colored Troops Infantry and 293 of its men were killed or died of disease enslaved African-Americans seized their opportunity for freedom by crossing the Union Army lines in droves The Confederate states tried to reclaim their human “property” but were denied by the Union which cleverly declared the formerly enslaved community as contraband of war — captured enemy property President Abraham Lincoln initially would not let black men join the military anxious about how the public would receive integrated efforts But as casualties increased and manpower thinned Congress passed the Second Confiscation and Militia Act in 1862 allowing Lincoln to “employ as many persons of African descent” as he needed and thousands enlisted in the United States Colored Troops Jacobs was one of nearly 180,000 black soldiers who served in the U.S.C.T a group that made up nearly one-tenth of all soldiers Joseph Trammell created this small metal tin to protect his certificate of freedom — proof that he was not enslaved freedom was tenuous for free black people: It could be challenged at any moment by any white person and without proof of their status they could be placed into the slave trade had to register his freedom every few years with the county court laws were still in place that limited their liberty — in many areas in the North and the South testify in court or read and write — and in the free state of Ohio at least two race riots occurred before 1865 Slaveholding families kept meticulous records of their business transactions: buying A record of the Rouzee family’s taxable property includes five horses Records show the family enterprise including the purchase and sale of African-Americans investment in provisions to maintain the enslaved community and efforts to capture an enslaved man who ran toward freedom their wealth passing from generation to generation white people — from the elite planter class to individuals invested in one enslaved person — were building capital ‘I shall never forget that memorable night when in a distant city I waited and watched at a public meeting with 3,000 others not less anxious than myself for the word of deliverance which we have heard read today Nor shall I ever forget the outburst of joy and thanksgiving that rent the air when the lightning brought to us the Emancipation Proclamation.’ Abraham Lincoln issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation stating that if the Confederacy did not end its rebellion by Jan “all persons held as slaves” in the states that had seceded would be free But the Emancipation Proclamation freed only those enslaved in the rebelling states It did not apply to half a million enslaved people in slaveholding states that weren’t part of the Confederacy — Kentucky Delaware and what would become West Virginia — or to those people in parts of the Confederacy that were already under Northern control Lee surrendered at Appomattox in April 1865 The freedom promised by the proclamation — and the official legal end of slavery — did not occur until the ratification of the 13th Amendment on Dec Only then was the tyranny of slavery truly over the Emancipation Proclamation was deeply meaningful to the community of formerly enslaved African-Americans and their allies Annual emancipation celebrations were established African-American gathering spots were named Emancipation Park; and the words of the proclamation were read aloud as a reminder that African-Americans collectively fought for freedom for all and changed an entire nation ‘The story of the African-American is not only the quintessential American story but it’s really the story that continues to shape who we are today.’ Mary Elliott is curator of American slavery at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture where she co-curated the ‘‘Slavery and Freedom’’ exhibition Jazmine Hughes is a writer and editor at The New York Times Magazine An earlier version of this article misstated Thomas Jefferson’s position in 1791 An earlier version of a picture credit omitted information about the ballast block pictured It is on loan from Iziko Museums of South Africa