By entering your email address and clicking “Submit,” you agree to receive updates from the Open Society Foundations about our work. To learn more about how we use and protect your personal data, please view our privacy policy
founder and chair of the Open Society Foundations
a small Roma village on the outskirts of Bucharest
the Roma Education Fund—supported by the World Bank
and other donors—is working to remove the barriers local Roma children face to complete their primary school education
but the conditions in which the Roma families live here are not
A dusty track leads from the local school to the village
Most houses—made of mud walls with corrugated roofs—have no electricity
Children in Frumuşani often do their homework by candlelight
Frumuşani is not the only village in Romania facing these challenges
repeated all around Central and Eastern Europe
tells a bigger story of generational poverty
“We are one of the richest regions in the area and yet until recently no one knew how the budget was divided,” says Cristian Buceanu
The lack of opportunity permeates every part of Frumuşani
During a visit by George Soros and Jim Yong Kim to one house
Gheorghe Mircea explains: “The Roma are different
they won’t hire us.” Asked by George Soros how life now compares to life under Ceaușescu—Romania’s former communist leader who oversaw a brutal and repressive regime until 1989—Gheorghe Mircea replies
“Life was better; at least then we had jobs.” To make ends meet
Gheorghe Mircea and his family collect worms
his house burnt down after faulty electrical wiring
used to siphon electricity from his mother’s house next door
All participate in the Roma Education Fund School After School Program; his daughter is top of her class
the only Roma representative on the council
introduced a proposal to allocate approximately 10,000 euros to expand the electricity network to houses in Frumuşani
The other councilors voted against the proposal
alleging that the Roma townspeople do not contribute to the local budget and therefore should not benefit from public funds
almost entirely ignores the town’s inhabitants
most of the homes in Frumuşani do not exist
A recent land registry exercise from the mayor’s office recorded the area as largely empty
The asphalt road that joins the village to the main road stops on the town’s border—another sign that officially
But the sprawling lanes of Frumuşani tell a different story
Filled with rudimentary lean-to mud buildings as well as sturdier and older brick houses that predate the Ceaușescu era
horses gallop past the town’s blacksmiths where local men congregate
and children on their way back from school mill past small vegetable gardens
Children like 14-year-old Simona Nedelcu attend the local school where 700 students are split evenly between Roma and non-Roma
Roma children participate in School after School and Equal Opportunities in Education
two Roma Education Fund programs that offer mentoring
and overall extra support in Math and Romanian--core subjects for national entry test for high school
the programs have provided mentors to Roma students
offering guidance and building relationships between parents
and students; stipends to cover school books and uniforms; homework clubs where students can complete their lessons undisturbed; and training so that teachers can play a positive role in Roma education
I have the sense that someone cares about us,” comments one Roma student during a visit by George Soros and Jim Yong Kim to the local school
“Working with parents is as important as working with children,” explains Mihaela Gheorghe from the Romanian NGO
the Center for Education and Social Development
“Most parents do not know how to read or write so even if help exists for their children’s education
it is nearly impossible for them to find out about it.” Better access to schools and improving educational outcomes are key
parents all agreed on one thing—education is the key to change for their children’s future
“Many countries often think of education as an expense,” he comments
“We want to say these are the most strategic investments you can make in a country.”
finding somewhere quiet to do her homework is a challenge
Uniforms and books present more obstacles and often
children will stay home from school if they don’t have a clean uniform—not uncommon when washing materials
despite the lack of support from his fellow councilors
He was elected last year with the support of local Roma townspeople who were familiar with him from the many years he spent working in the community
“We need to raise awareness with Roma in Frumuşani that they must ask for their rights,” says Cristian Buceanu
talking with the local Roma is the best way to mobilize people behind change
Pushing change with his fellow councilors is an uphill struggle
They do not see assisting local Roma as a priority
If Roma start to have their own representatives
It’s not difficult to see the changes education is bringing—and can bring—to Frumuşani and other Roma villages like it in Romania
the Roma at nearly two million is a young population
Education offers a path for Roma to claim their own rights: the right to employment
the right to political participation and representation
All of this—all inalienable rights in an open society—begins with education and ideas as simple as a quiet place for Simona and her classmates to do their homework
and a mentor to encourage them to keep coming back to the classroom
despite the overwhelming challenges Roma children face at home
and partners about how we’re working around the world to build vibrant and inclusive democracies whose governments are accountable and open to the participation of all people
Every year the Open Society Foundations give thousands of grants to groups and individuals that work on issues we focus on—promoting justice
Gender-based violence (GBV) — the various forms of violence directed at an individual or a group based on their gender
both in public places and within the home — is a phenomenon deeply rooted in gender inequality
GBV does not just have a profound impact on individuals and violates their basic human rights
including the right to life in extreme cases; it also carries a heavy cost for society
while improving the wellbeing of women and girls
Since ratifying the Council of Europe’s Istanbul Convention in 2016
Romania has taken important steps to integrate the treaty’s provisions into the national legal framework and strategies
the country had already adopted legislative amendments to criminalize various forms of violence and established a National Agency for Equal Opportunities for Women and Men (ANES)
which has been instrumental in instituting policy measures and coordinating service provision to address gender-based violence
These include: i) deficiencies in relation to investigation and prosecution of GBV cases
ii) gender stereotyping in public institutions in the determination of what constitutes an offence
and iii) a lack of measures to address specific needs of women facing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination
These factors contribute to a lack of trust in the criminal justice system and lead to underreporting of cases
…but lack of data hides the magnitude of GBV
Despite these national efforts, the full extent of GBV in Romania remains hidden in plain sight. The country lacks key data that are critical to understand the magnitude of the problem, inform policy actions, and monitor progress. The 2023 World Bank Gender Assessment for Romania
which involved extensive consultations with governmental and non-governmental stakeholders
Romania needs a comprehensive study to assess the magnitude of GBV, as well as the availability and accessibility of various response services. The most extensive GBV assessment ever conducted in Romania and still widely cited is based on the EU-wide Survey on Violence Against Women conducted nearly a decade ago
Moreover, the World Bank’s Gender Assessment Report confirms what the Council of Europe has also observed
that Romania lacks an integrated system of data collection on domestic violence as well as a comprehensive system of data collection covering all other forms of violence against women
the Romanian General Prosecutor’s office’s records show that only 1,512 cases were heard in court
meaning that a mere 3.3 percent of those who reported their cases to the police found legal remedy
In terms of access to services for survivors of GBV
the administrative data compiled by ANES shows that annually
only 2,000 women receive services from public and NGO-based providers
meaning that only 4.4 percent of survivors who reported their case to the police have access to services
Few studies cover social norms in Romania and only two comprehensive perception surveys have been conducted on GBV
indicated a positive shift in social attitudes towards violence against women
compared to the results of a similar 2003 study
other forms of GBV also persist and the underlying factors that drive them are not well understood
These various forms of GBV are rooted in harmful gender norms and stereotypes
coupled with gendered socio-economic inequalities and other forms of discrimination
Understanding the underlying driving factors is critical to devise policies that address them effectively
Addressing GBV in Romania requires concerted efforts
Civil society has led various efforts of championing local action to prevent and respond to various forms of GBV
including awareness raising and prevention activities as well as complementing government efforts to provide shelters and other services to survivors
The World Bank is also supporting the government of Romania, through projects such as Strengthening Foundations for Improved Justice Service Delivery
which seeks to deliver a user-centered approach to how justice services are provided across jurisdictions
including through improvements to the management of legal aid
Targeted beneficiaries of this project include survivors of GBV
people with disabilities and sexual minorities
These groups are expected to benefit from the prioritization and non-discriminatory treatment of vulnerable groups and new monitoring processes
there is an opportunity to demonstrate its leadership in investing in GBV prevention and response
This would include prioritizing amendments to legal frameworks such as the Domestic Violence Law and the criminal code
to fully incorporate the principles of the Council of Europe
To improve data on incidence and prevalence of various forms of GBV; as well as tracking of measures for prevention
Romania needs to legally mandate a harmonized cross-institutional framework for compilation of administrative data
the country needs to invest in collecting more evidence on the roots of GBV and identifying best practices to shift social norms
Policy responses will remain insufficient if survivors of GBV feel unable to come forward for fear of stigma
Combating discrimination and entrenched perceptions of gender requires sustained and coordinated efforts through collaboration between public agencies
as well as an adequate allocation of resources
To receive weekly articles, sign-up here
Thank you for choosing to be part of the Protect and Invest in People community
The latest blog posts and blog-related announcements will be delivered directly to your email inbox
We use some essential cookies to make this website work
We’d like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK
remember your settings and improve government services
We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services
You have accepted additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time
You have rejected additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time
Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports
Representatives of the embassies of Austria
the United Kingdom and the Representation of the European Commission to Bucharest
together with Agentia de Dezvoltare Comunitară Impreună
the Roma Education Fund and the Center for Education and Social Development
nearby Calarasi city (center Romania) on 8 April 2013
The aim was to spend time on the International Roma Day finding out more about the situation of the Roma minority in Romania
out of which 1,120 are self-declared Roma ethnics
The delegation met with the Mayor of Frumusani village
and the representatives of the Roma community
The participants had an extensive discussion about the challenges local authorities faced in addressing the social and the economic inclusion of the Roma community
The delegation visited the local school whose After School Club has been effective in supporting attendance at the school and the attainments of school pupils
how to finalise property deeds for over 250 houses in the predominantly Roma community
there are over 150 houses that need to be connected to the public electriciy grid
The members of the diplomatic corps discussed solutions to these issues with the local authorities
teachers and members of the local community
The Ambassadors aim to return next year on April 8 in order to see how the situation in the community had developed
The participant embassies remain committed to assist the partner central and local authorities in Romania in addressing the issue of social inclusion of minorities
Don’t include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details
Kape Premium Imobiliare – a residential developer active in France and Italy – is investing approximately EUR 9 million in building 100 villas in Frumusani
Vitalis Consulting is responsible for the project management.
We use cookies for keeping our website reliable and secure
providing social media features and to analyse how our website is used.