This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page Metrics details Assessment was performed of the air quality related risk to the conservation of cultural heritage objects in one urban and one rural indoor location in Romania with expected different air quality related conservation challenges: the National military museum in Bucharest and the Tismana monastery in Gorj County The work was performed within and subsequent to the EU-Memori project by applying Memori methodology Memori®-EWO (Early warning organic) dosimeters and passive pollution badge samplers for acetic and formic acids The measurements in the National military museum were performed in three rooms with different exposure situations and inside protective enclosures in the rooms The rooms had organic and inorganic objects on exhibition and in store The observed risks were associated with photo-oxidizing impact probably due to traffic pollutants entering from outdoor generally comparable to typical European purpose built museum locations The highest risk was observed in a more open exhibition room in the main museum building It was indicated that some observable change might happen to sensitive pigments and paper within 3 years copper and sensitive glass within 30 years in this location Risk for observable change to sensitive pigments The lowest risk was observed in a warehouse A reduction in photo-oxidizing risk was measured in two of the enclosures but a slightly higher acidic impact was measured in all the three enclosures a high level of acetic plus formic acid was observed in the air in the storerooms for icons and textiles Damage risk within 3 years was indicated for lead objects and sensitive glass and within 30 years for iron and varnish (Laropal A81 As organic acid attack increases significantly at higher air humidity (> ~ 60%) this would be especially important to avoid Risk for photo-oxidizing damage to paper and sensitive pigments within 30 years was indicated The Tismana monastery is located in a forested part of the countryside with generally much less traffic pollutants than in Bucharest A possible damage risk and preservation challenge for objects stored indoor in relatively closed rooms in the monastery partly constructed with and containing organic materials may be due to off-gassing of acidic components Air pollution measurements were implemented in this work to evaluate these possible risks A Memori assessment takes into account the most common photo-oxidizing and acidic damage risks to cultural heritage materials observed indoor due to exposure to gaseous air pollutants It is a well-suited method for general assessment of the main common damage risks related to gaseous air pollution Diagnosis is performed by the separation between photo-oxidizing impact (which is usually due to outdoor sources) and the acidic impact (which is usually due to indoor sources) This allows determination of the probable reason(s) for observed air quality related damage risk which could be implemented to protect vulnerable objects against the exposure To perform the air quality risk assessment related to the preventive conservation of the objects in the National military museum and the Tismana monastery air quality measurements were carried out over a 3 months period The measurements were performed in locations with significant objects on exhibit or in store and which were expected to offer different degrees of protection against external and internally emitted air pollutants The measurement locations in the National Military Museum 1b in a melamine fibreboard storage wardrobe in the warehouse 2b in a wooden historic storage chest in the probative objects storage room 3a in a contemporary history room in the main museum building and 3b in a display showcase in the contemporary history room No photo was available of the samplers at location 2a in the probative objects storage room Photos of the exact measurement locations in the icons and textiles The translucent dosimeter materials react with the atmosphere and become more opaque due to exposure in the heritage locations which correlated the values for the influencing environmental parameters and the dosimeter responses based on statistical treatment of a large database of measurements the concentrations in air of NO2 and O3 (“traffic pollutants”) and the uv (ultraviolet)-light exposure were found to influence the EWO response at rates depending on the temperature whereas the concentration in air of acetic acid was found to influence to GSD response a The Memori-EWO (PPO) synthetic polymer dosimeter in an aluminium holder. Four dosimeters can optionally be mounted in the holder for simultaneous parallel measurements. b A passive pollution IVL (Swedish environmental institute) type badge sampler, as was used to measure acetic and formic acids. In Fig. 1 the dosimeters and samplers are seen placed at the measurement locations If the presence of dust is high or the dosimeter is exposed in horizontal position dust can however accumulate on the dosimeter and affect the response In an indoor situation with a temperature (T) significantly different from 20 °C or RH significantly different from 50% the dosimeter will respond to these factors and measure a higher risk value and/or the object sensitivity may be different from that applied for the Memori traffic light evaluation (see below) The materials damage risk assessment was not calibrated towards these impacts the occurrence and influence of such variations in environmental factors (T The values for the air quality measured in the locations in the National military museum and Tismana monastery are given in Table 1 The measurement results for the locations in the National military museum and the Tismana monastery presented in the three remaining of seven (out of 22) Memori material risk evaluation diagrams, where some risk (red or yellow) were indicated (see the Fig. 4 caption) For the location outside of the rooms in the Tismana monastery the EWO dosimeter measurement was not performed The air quality risks in the National military museum were found to be moderate more comparable to a historic house museum was observed in the more open contemporary history exhibition room in the main museum building The best situation was observed in a wardrobe in the warehouse for foreign uniforms but a slightly higher level of acetic plus formic acidic was measured in all the three enclosures copper and sensitive glass within 30 years in the contemporary history exhibition room and showcase Risk for observable change within 30 years sensitive pigments and paper in the other locations in the National military museum or directly with concentration values of acetic plus formic acid rather than by the measured GSD dosimeter values Dosimetry of generic pollutant effects and parameter measurements are different approaches to risk assessment The choice of measurement method could influence results for example in situations with high temperature Dosimetry has the advantage of simultaneously assessing the combined impact of several environmental factors whereas parameter measurements provide values for the concentrations in air of single air pollutants The environmental degradation of complex objects is usually complex and the sensitivities of the object and its materials are often uncertain A Memori risk evaluation is therefore a risk indication specification and diagnosis if risk is identified (i.e This is due to the larger emitting surfaces as compared to the volumes and usually lower ventilation rates of enclosures as compared to rooms The small differences between the measured acidic impact in the enclosures and the rooms in the National military museum indicated little risk related to organic acid off gassing in the enclosures This may be due to relatively low emitting materials and/or ventilation effects in the enclosures The emission from materials is typically reduced as they age and the aging of enclosures contribute to lower internal off gassing It seems that the most likely damages to develop in the National military museum in the short term (a few years) would be fading and colour change of pigments and surfaces In the longer term (more than a few years) surface corrosion of metals could be expected it should be considered that surface corrosion of metal is very humidity dependent and that corrosion damage could appear faster at higher than 50% relative humidity The museum has many objects with such materials in exhibition and in store Improved protection from exposure to air from outdoor and the consequent photo-oxidation could potentially extend conservation intervals and reduce conservation costs for such objects The present use of showcases and enclosures has this protective purpose which effect was verified by the measurements some possible mitigation measures to reduce this exposure risk are: the moving of sensitive objects away from locations most influenced by the outdoors such as entrances and windows; avoiding exposure to light from outdoor; using showcases for sensitive objects; keeping sensitive objects in well closed and possibly conditioned store rooms; and avoiding high and fluctuating temperature and humidity conditions A moderate photo-oxidation risk was indicated for paper and sensitive pigments Such materials would be present in objects in the icons and textile and the bookstore rooms For preservation in the long term additional protection of such objects against exposure to light and outdoor air would be beneficial by similar methods as suggested for the National military museum for example by using showcase or protective enclosures the sensitivity of specific cultural heritage materials and objects would be different from that applied in the MEMORI assessment Objects and surfaces are often complex mixtures of materials that have already been subject to change by environmental exposure The exposure may have produced damages and additional vulnerability which supplies an evaluation and ranking of air pollution risks It can give added information to conservators and assist in efforts to improve the preventive protection of objects in the most efficient way Air quality measurements and risk evaluation can lead the attention to situations of concern where further investigation of damages and damage processes should be performed They do not replace the essential understanding of single objects Air quality measurements and risk assessment for cultural heritage materials were performed in the National military museum and the Tismana monastery in Gorj County in Romania dosimetry and passive pollution parameter sampling Some risk was indicated for photo-oxidising damage to some types of sensitive materials in the National military museum in Bucharest which would need active conservation within 3 years was found in a contemporary history exhibition room in the main museum building The photo-oxidising damage risk in the room was evaluated to be similar to a typical European historic house which would need active conservation within 30 years a storeroom and inside enclosures used in the museum comparable to typical European purpose built museum locations The materials most at risk were found to be sensitive pigments and paper The risk could be reduced by measures to protect the objects against exposure to outdoor city air ventilated into the building and against possible excessive light exposure and high and fluctuating temperature and humidity The present use of protective enclosures has these functions Significant risk for damage to some types of sensitive materials was observed in the icons and textile room and book store room in the Tismana monastery Materials at risk were found to be especially lead and sensitive glass with some risk also for iron objects and varnish (Laropal A81 Some risk for photo-oxidation of paper and sensitive pigments was found Sensitive objects could be moved out of rooms with high acid emissions It would be especially important to avoid high humidity situations with RH above ~ 60% Rooms could be ventilated when the outdoor air is good (clean Paper and objects with sensitive pigments could be moved into showcases or protective enclosures or moved away from exposure to outdoor air and light Annual air pollution level of major primary pollutants in Greater Area of Bucharest Guerreiro C, González A, de Leeuw F. 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Analyst. 2013;138:487–500. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2AN36259G Conservation of cultural property—specifications for temperature and relative humidity to limit climate-induced mechanical damage in organic hygroscopic materials Brussels: European Committee for Standardisation 2010 The atlas of climate change impact on European cultural heritage: scientific analysis and management strategies anthem environmental studies Pollution monitoring by dosimetry and passive diffusion sampling for evaluation of environmental conditions for paintings in microclimate frames (eds.) Basic environmental mechanisms affecting cultural heritage Understanding deterioration mechanisms for conservation purposes Conservation-restoration costs for limestone façades due to air pollution in Krakow meeting European target values and expected climate change Blades N, Oreszczyn T, Bordass B, Cassar M. Guidelines on pollution control in museum buildings, Museums Association, London 2000. In: Martin D. (ed.) 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NILU OR 76/2010. https://www.nilu.no/master/76-2010-emd-teg-MASTER.pdf Measuring gaseous and particulate pollutants effect assessment and mitigation of pollutant impact on movable cultural assets Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Cultural Heritage Preservation Air quality assessment in cultural heritage institutions using EWO dosimeters Swedish Environmental Research Institute Publication 1991 Early warning dosimeters for monitoring indoor museum climate: environmental impact sensors and LightCheckTM Strategies for saving our cultural heritage: papers presented at the International conference on conservation strategies for saving indoor metallic collections Preprints of the 15th Triennial Meeting of the ICOM Committee for Conservation New Delhi: Allied Publishers Pvt Ltd Vol II;2008 :775–782 Effect of relative humidity on copper corrosion by acetic and formic acid vapours Studies of lead corrosion in acetic acid environments Strlič M, Thickett D, Taylor J, Cassar M. 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Stud Conserv. 2013;58(2):80–7. https://doi.org/10.1179/2047058412Y.0000000073 Download references reporting from location and initial description of measurement locations TG did the laboratory dosimeter preparation organizing of the delivery of passive samplers and their analysis from the NILU laboratory interpretation and development of the manuscript Both authors contributed to finalizing the manuscript Both authors read and approved the final manuscript We would like to acknowledge the leadership of the “Ferdinand I” National military museum and the Abbess of Tismana monastery who accepted to cooperate within the Memori project as beneficiary partners and gave the permission to publish the obtained results This research was made possible through the generous contribution of the conservators Ms Gabriela Tuas from the National military museum and Sister Maria from the Tismana monastery who have assisted the performed measurements We want to thank Håvard Vika Røen at NILU who did the programing of the MEMORI technology web pages The authors declare that they have no competing interests All equations and data necessary to calculate the model are given either in the text or in the cited references This work has been funded by the EU- Memori project (Grant Agreement No 265132) and by NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) The Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation (MCI) Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-018-0238-6 Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: a shareable link is not currently available for this article Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science The stavrophore nun Mother Jerusalema (Gligor) including more than 50 years as abbess of Tismana Monastery was solemnly laid to rest on Saturday at the monastery she led for so many years The service was officiated by His Grace Bishop Nicodim of Severin and Strehaia who recalled that Mother Jerusalima always fulfilled every monastic obedience placed upon her with great love and dedication but also of care for the community of monasteries,” His Grace said emphasizing that Mother Jerusalema was “a good administrator and perfect housekeeper managing to carry the helm of Tismana Monastery in the most difficult times Archimandrite Vladimir Dărângă from the cathedral in Craiova also spoke about how important Mother Jerusalema was for the monastic life in the southwestern province of Oltenia and beyond: “Mother Jerusalima sent disciples who opened and reopened monasteries in the metropolitan city of Oltenia He also emphasized that she was a tough mother who applied the canons with precision and thus “filled the cemetery of the monastery with saints who will probably form a Matericon of Tismana in the future.” “Today we are at the funeral of a happy woman a woman who knew with all her heart and with all her love to put her death before her eyes and not to make her position as abbess a wound to anyone,” said Fr Constantin Necula from the Faculty of Theology in Sibiu She entered monasticism at the age of 17 at Bistrița Monastery in 1946 she was appointed abbess after the arrest of the monastery’s Board of Directors on false charges She ended up leading the monastic community for more than 50 years Mother Jerusalima is especially remembered and cherished for her philanthropic activity and for managing to preserve and restore the entire monastery the Patriarchate of Jerusalem solemnly celebrated the Sunday of the Myrrh-Bearing Women... Archbishop Elpidophoros of America celebrated the Divine Liturgy at the Monastery of the Theotokos.. it was announced that two Roman Catholic institutions in Bavaria have decided to jointly.. A car once used by Pope Francis during his 2014 visit to Bethlehem is being transformed into a mobile.. the Monastery of Saint Vlash in Albania hosted a festal Divine Liturgy on the.. Archbishop Ieronymos of Athens and All Greece presided over the festal Great Vespers at the historic.. (function() { window.mc4wp = window.mc4wp || { listeners: [] cb) { window.mc4wp.listeners.push( { event : evt callback: cb } ); } } }})(); © 2023 OrthodoxTimes.com - All rights reserved Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website These cookies do not store any personal information Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website Tenders for 455 MW of PV capacity replacing CE Oltenia’s coal plants drew investors from China 0 Eight companies and consortiums are participating in the tenders for the design, construction and operation of four solar parks on land belonging to Romania’s state-owned coal miner and power plant operator Complexul Energetic Oltenia The government has bailed out the troubled utility using European funds The strategy is to replace its assets with solar power and gas power plants The locations are in the counties of Dolj and Gorj in the country’s southwest The two companies valued the contracts at an overall EUR 375 million Selected contractors would operate the solar power systems for three years and transfer them to CE Oltenia and OMV Petrom The Ișalnița unit is envisaged with a minimum capacity of 85 MW and valued at EUR 69.6 million is for at least 110 MW and a 400/110 kV substation Project Tismana 1 should have no less than 128.3 MW The European Union’s Modernisation Fund is covering 70% of the costs. According to data from Romania’s electronic public procurement system SEAP, reported by EuroOlteniaInfo, there are three sole bidders Girişim Elektrik is a Turkish engineering Ameresco Sunel Energy is a joint venture between Ameresco but with operational headquarters in Athens Romanian energy infrastructure and civil construction company Electrogrup is the third company bidding alone Shanghai Electric placed a bid as a consortium of its subsidiaries Shanghai Electric Hong Kong International Engineering Co Romanian company Actual Connect leads a consortium consisting of six other domestic companies all with a track record in the photovoltaics sector is the head of a consortium including Italian solar power project developer Comal All participants submitted bids for all four photovoltaic plants except Restart Energy One which is registered only for the first lot Be the first one to comment on this article 05 May 2025 - VDE Renewables found that SolarEdge’s advanced safety capabilities minimize photovoltaic system risks and effectively prevent fire hazards 02 May 2025 - The project is located in Constanța county recognized for its superior yields in green energy production 02 May 2025 - The Sunčana (Sunny) Vipava project envisages installing solar power plants with a combined capacity of 20 MW 30 April 2025 - OMV put into operation its 10 MW green hydrogen plant at the Schwechat refinery © CENTER FOR PROMOTION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2008-2020 website developed by ogitive Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page.