Company wants to produce 100,000 cases annually
Despite PM Robert Fico's (Smer) pre-election promises of not sending a single bullet to Ukraine
both private and state-owned companies continue to do so
A plant for the production of explosives in the premises of the former Chemko chemical plant near Strážske
was recently announced by Defence Minister Robert Kaliňák (Smer)
And now a plant called Cylinder Factory for the production of ammunition cases in Sobrance
The project will be built in the premises of the former Vihorlat engineering company
behind the project is Košice-based company Arm Servis which has ties to Ukraine as well as overseas tax havens
Its majority partner is the SK Special Goods Trading limited liability company, backed by UA Special Goods Trading based in Florida, US. The latter's managing director is Ljubov Efimová. Although an American citizen, she is the mother of former Ukrainian MP Maxim Efimov
She owns several US and UK companies and makes money from arms contracts intended for Ukraine
Efimova is also the final user of the benefits of Arm Servis
Member of Arm Servis's supervisory board is Ivica Bucová
who was the managing director of Konštrukta – Servis
a part of the state arms group DMD Holding
UA Special Goods Trading used to own a company bearing the same name as the future plant until May of this year
the owner of the land on which the new plant is to be built
Both companies were founded by UA Special Goods Trading together with Andrian Farahun
According to the Aktuality.sk news site
Farahun is a Ukrainian with a permanent residence in the village of Leleš
in the past he owned several shipping companies that were allegedly involved in smuggling goods from Ukraine to the EU
The current sole owner of both is company Byrb Capital based in Delaware
The manager of Cylinder Factory is Lyudmyla Ulyashchenko
who lives in the village of Záhor near the Ukrainian border
She is also a member of Arm Servis's supervisory board
Arm Servis intends to invest €14 million to reconstruct an old hall and build a new one
The plan is to produce 100,000 cases annually and provide 220 jobs
As Sobrance is one of the least developed districts in Slovakia with a relatively high unemployment rate
The construction is expected to start this November
Behind the project is mother of a Ukrainian ex-MP
A new investment worth €14 million is heading to Sobrance
The Košice-based company ARM Servis wants to renew production in the former Vihorlat plant
The company has submitted the project to the authorities for an environmental impact assessment (EIA)
“The content of the proposed activity will be the production and processing of rolled steel products,” the document reads
“Technology for the production of metal ammunition cases will be installed in the production area.”
In Sobrance the ARM Servis company wants to produce munition bodies for high explosive artillery shells of 122 and 155 millimetre calibre
It plans to produce 100,000 annually and create 220 jobs
The investment is to be divided into smaller projects
The existing production hall with an area of more than 4,500 square metres is to be rebuilt
and reconstruction is planned for the administration building
The production is to be linked with the production of artillery shells by the ZVS Holding armaments factory in Snina
to whose Sobrance premises the new investment is directed
the company’s capacities were used by the steelmaker VSŽ (today U.S
the Vihorlat company went bankrupt and production soon stopped
an armaments company with plants in Snina and Dubnica nad Váhom
It is half owned by the state and half by the MSM Group of the Czech armourer Michal Strnad
MSM has been producing 155 millimetre calibre artillery ammunition for decades
which is compatible with weapon systems and howitzers around the world
The ARM Servis company was launched in 2020 and has been majority owned since last year by SK Special Goods Trading
The company behind it is UA Special Goods Trading based in Florida
The ultimate beneficial owner of the company is 71-year-old Liubov Yefimova
She has several companies in the US and the UK
making money from arms contracts destined for Ukraine
She is the mother of former Ukrainian MP Maxim Yefimov
she bought the Parkovy convention centre in Kyiv
which belonged to former pro-Russian Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych
the Sobrance district has seen brain drain
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which assists American people with Slovak roots in obtaining Slovak citizenship and reconnecting them with the land of their ancestors
There is a small shop in Vyšné Nemecké
standing by the road just a stone's throw away from the Slovak-Ukrainian border
A lorry driver is unloading barrels of beer outside
I'm wondering if the beer is for the many lorry drivers crossing the village or for the some 200 local people living here
Vyšné Nemecké, a town in the Košice Region's Sobrance district, is the only road crossing point for lorries on the Slovak-Ukrainian border. Find many similar interesting facts about Eastern Slovakia in the Košice Region guide
"The locals will drink it," the shop owner Andrea Jenčíková laughs when she tells The Slovak Spectator
She inherited the business from her parents and wanted to keep running it
but her competitors have gone out of business
nothing would be here," Jenčíková notes briefly
The border regions in eastern Slovakia have been of little interest to most Slovak governments after the fall of communism in 1989
they are described as Slovakia's "Far East" by people living in the west of the country
These easterners point out that nobody pokes fun at Bratislava for being on the periphery of Slovakia
The Slovak capital also lies on the border with Austria and Hungary.
the mayor of Vyšné Nemecké
says that six shops and eight pubs existed in the town in the times of communism
New people don't come in droves to settle down in the village here
A case in point: only one house has been built here in five years
Well-paid jobs have long been a scarcity in these border areas
Older houses in Vyšné Nemecké have been bought in recent years by people from Ukraine
the neighbour invaded by Russia in February 2022
Discover Eastern Slovakia with our Košice Guide
Slovakia's territory was part of different monarchies throughout the history
including the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1867 until 1918
with the exception of the inter-war years 1939-1945 during which the Nazi-aligned Slovak state existed
the territory was a part of Czechoslovakia
the current names of Slovak municipalities were different
Here's a list of the largest municipalities in Michalovce and Sobrance district with their historical names stated in the brackets:
Trhovište (Vásárhely)
Petrovce (Ungpetróc or Ungpéteri)
Vyšné Nemecké (Felsőnémeti)
The full list of all Slovak municipalities, including their historical names, can be found at ww.geni.sk (in Slovak only)
"I'm glad that those houses are not falling into decay
and that they decided to renovate and move into them," the mayor says about the Ukrainian newcomers
Dozens of customs officers and police officers work at the Vyšné Nemecké border crossing
The mayor estimates that about 20 locals work at the border
Almost everyone who has moved out of Vyšné Nemecké left for work
either to Košice or even to other countries
"If a person can earn €3,000 a month abroad but only €600 in Sobrance
they won't stay here," the mayor explains
The average monthly Slovak salary in 2023 was €1,430
salaries are much lower compared to the rest of the country and to the other parts of Košice Region
the unemployment rate in the district is high
the recipe for persuading people to live in the border area is simple
"People must have a job and the prospect of a decent living
not even a new football field," Meňköová says
A large factory would bring life back to the region
Those who remain in this area work mainly in agriculture or in the woods
There's plenty of forests and arable land
agriculture does not attract young people because it is hard work and there is a lot of uncertainty
The two mayors add that it would be for the best if the long-awaited construction of a motorway began
connecting Košice with the Ukrainian city of Uzhhorod should start
Locals would then take care of the little things such as the revival of small local businesses
But the outflow of people isn't the only thing that bothers the mayors
They think the border villages should look nicer.
"We're no periphery of the republic
we are a gateway to the European Union," Meňköová says
The Pinkovce mayor herself sets a good example for the government
Meňköová mows the the local Jewish cemetery at the expense of the municipality
some houses in the village are falling apart
The owners died and the descendants aren't interested in them
Either they're living abroad or in other parts of Slovakia
A large house can be bought here for the price of a small flat in Košice
People from Pinkovce have emigrated abroad for a long time
"We're in contact by email and she's interested in what goes on in our village," says Meňköová
But immigrants from larger towns are the hope for the aging village of Pinkovce
whose population decreased from 400 to less than 200 in the past years
People from Michalovce and Košice buy houses and plots of land here
They mostly have ties to the village through their ancestors
"We can't all live in Bratislava," Meňköová argues
There's a community reading room named after the local painter Štefan Hapák in the village
and also several traditional country houses that have been sensitively renovated to make the village look beautiful
the water isn't suitable for swimming
in the summer the banks of the river are full of the invasive plant called cow parsnip; the plant can cause burns on skin
part of the river is the external EU border
so it isn't possible to move completely freely in some areas
"There are cameras because it is the Schengen Area border
It's different from the rivers on the border with Hungary," explains the mayor
The Schengen Area is a zone within the EU that allows people to travel freely in it as there are no internal borders
not all EU member states are part of the area
the mayor would recommend visiting Rudolf Felšӧci's cafe and The Museum of Smuggling in the neighbouring village of Lekárovce
Felšӧci and his family returned to his native village of Lekárovce eight years ago
they had planned to stay for three months for family reasons
they had lived in Košice and worked in the media
When Felšӧci was thinking about what he could do for a living in Lekárovce
he came up with the idea of establishing a cafe and a museum
his wife Vanda and he had often worked on the Slovak-Ukrainian border and listened to many interesting stories from local people
Not only about people smuggling and smugglers
"We thought that it could be interesting to collect all the stories about the border in one place," recalls the co-founder of the Na Čiare (On the borderline) project
While researching the local real estate market
they learned that there was no place in the area where people could drink good coffee and have a cookie
The cosy cafe is housed in a shipping container
The adjacent Na Čiare Museum can also be found in such containers
Visitors can learn here how creative local and Ukrainian smugglers were when smuggling people and cigarettes to the other side
and journalists from the French newspaper Le Figaro
The cafe is busy even in the off-season at the beginning of March
at the time of The Slovak Spectator's visit
Customers come from the surrounding areas but also from abroad
Ukrainians stop by for coffee and Hungarians from Veľké Kapušany come to grab a cookie
it'd be enough to have what a village near Bratislava has to develop tourism: the motorway
"We'll develop tourism ourselves
We have enough natural beauty and attractive places here," Felšӧci says
Jana Ray-Tutková is also a returnee
"We came here because I am a Husák child," Ray-Tutková jokes about the reasons for settling down in the tiny village
Husák children were a generation born in a strong population wave in former Czechoslovakia
which began at the time of so-called normalisation (a reversal of political and economic reforms following the 1968 Prague Spring
Slovak Gustáv Husák served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
Ray arrived in Slovakia for the first time as a volunteer
After many years of living in the south of the USA
his Slovak wife and he decided to settle in the house of his wife's grandma
the couple looked for peace from city life and wanted to establish an organic farm in Husák
although they breed sheep for their own needs
All he needs is a computer and a reliable internet
It was the high-speed internet that surprised him in Husák
"I was very impressed that a local entrepreneur had a business built on bringing the internet to a remote village
there was no internet on farms or it was unreliable and expensive," he says
The pair agree that Husák is yet another village with an aging population
Only a few families with small children live here
They are usually engaged in farming or working in the forest
Some young people work at the Lidl in Sobrance
The police are a big employer in the region
Farming is limited by fragmented land parcels
which is difficult to buy from the original owners
"If someone wants to do business here
The state should make land readjustments easier," thinks Ray
This is also why he sees cattle and sheep breeding as more promising than growing wheat
he's convinced the region is a great place for cycling tourism
But villages or the state must invest in the infrastructure
"When Ukraine joins the EU and the Schengen Area
I can imagine that cycling tourism will develop even across the border," the American continues
A few people know about a nice water park and hotels around the Zemplínska Šírava reservoir
It's nicknamed the "Slovak Sea"
"I tell my friends that Slovakia has everything they don't have at home," Ray says
The American believes that the Sobrance district could be as popular as Tokaj
There are plenty of vineyards in the district
the winery in Orechová established 30 years ago
Orechová winemakers cultivate 56 hectares of vineyards and produce around 300,000 litres of wine every year
Ukrainian people from Uzhhorod used to come to the region for wine tastings before the war
Ray would also want to show the region's thriving winemaking tradition to Americans one day
"I don't feel enthusiasm from the people here to move things forward
negativism prevails here," the American says
describing his feelings after 14 years spent in Husák
Foreigners and tourists like the region's nature and peace
Petrovce Town Hall worker Alena Horňáková tells The Slovak Spectator
"We feel we are on the periphery because everything is far from here
Next to us is only the natural border," she says
Petrovce - a rare Slovak village due to edible chestnuts growing here - is the last village before reaching the border with Ukraine
one can only see forests before arriving in Huta
Negativism comes from the fact that the availability of work is limited and buses run infrequently
making it difficult to get to work or a shop in Sobrance
That is also why the 200 inhabitants of the village are mostly old people
they just bought weekend cottages," notes Horňáková
A school and a kindergarten were closed in the village in the 1990s
Residents of Petrovce also used to have more active contact with Huta residents
But after Russia's invasion of Ukraine
we're still better off than the Ukrainians," Horňáková says about the economic situation of local people
A cooperative continues to operate in the village
Horňáková notes that several villages grouped in the Koromľa Microregion are working on improving tourism
Once some investors wanted to build a golf course in the area
but it eventually remained just on paper due to fragmented land ownership
"It's hard to start something here when the grocery shop didn't last here either," concludes Horňáková
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Slovak regions near the Ukrainian border are a nice surprise for visitors
Emigration is a significant part of Slovak history
A third of Slovak people emigrated between the last quarter of the 19th century and the year 1968
Many of these people came from Dolný Zemplín
Dolný Zemplín is made up from three districts: Michalovce
Descendants of emigrated Slovaks often set out to Dolný Zemplín to see the places their ancestors came from
it comes as no surprise that the Museum of Emigration opened in this region
Here's a map with all the major sights in the region:
Here's more details on some places tourists can visit while exploring the region:
The village of Lekárovce is situated right on the Slovak-Ukrainian border
the borders changed and Subcarpathian Rus became part of the Soviet Union
although the majority of the residents were Slovak
Subcarpathian Rus is a region that was once part of interwar Czechoslovakia
the Kingdom of Hungary and the Soviet Union
people wrote petitions and demanded not to be annexed to the Soviet Union
The village was returned to Czechoslovakia
The village marks this moment with a plaque and an obelisk by the Uh river
Opposite the obelisk, a cosy cafe set up in a shipping container. It's called Na čiare (on the borderline)
visitors will learn how bright border smugglers were when transporting people and cigarettes to the other side
The idea of the cafe and the museum was born in the head of Rudolf Felšӧci
Those who like music can visit a guitar museum in the town of Sobrance
The founder of the museum was the local guitar “king” and musician Ján Ferko
visitors can find keyboard and wind instruments
The founder received offers to establish the museum in Prague
A Czech guitar manufacturing company also wanted to obtain his collection
The house in which the museum is located has been renovated inside and out
the large garden full of fruit trees is still waiting for improvements
Open-air music events should take place there
There are many talented entrepreneurs in the villages near the border
They cultivate 56 hectares of vineyards and produce around 300,000 litres of wine annually
Pivnica Orechová
was established 30 years ago and is still expanding
Those interested in this experience will be seated in a spacious
Part of the tastings are also local food specialties
based on organically farmed pigs and chickens
guests go on a tour of the nearby vineyards
"Our plan for the future is to make increasingly high-quality wine and offer it mainly to wine shops," Jaroslav Michálek
brother of the owner of Pivnica Orechová
The winemakers also want to continue to support agricultural tourism and do not rule out building a cycling trail through their vineyards
Besides this winery, visitors can find two more wineries in this region. Pivnica Tibava offers a vast variety of wines, also at a variety of price points. Finally, the boutique family winery Fundus Regius in the village of Priekopa can surprise wine lovers with high-quality products
Swimmers and adrenaline junkies can visit a former quarry with turquoise water in the quaint village of Beňatina
The village built a road around the entire quarry
Moreover, people can use a rope to descend from the highest point of the quarry to the water. Thanks to the zipline
tourists can enjoy 30 seconds of adrenaline on the 180 m-long rope
Lucky ones might come across a fossil of small marine animals in the rock walls of the lake
which is nicknamed a "Slovak Plitvice lake" due to the colour of water resembling the water in Croatia's famous Plitvice lakes
Some call it the "Beňatina Whale" because of a formation on the rock that looks like a tail of the whale
marked hiking trails and cycle paths with tips for more trips around the nearby area have also been added to this attraction
Because migration is an essential part of Slovak history, and Slovaks from the east of Slovakia formed the majority of people leaving the region due to poverty, historian Martin Javor decided to establish the Kasigarda: Museum of Emigration in the village of Tahyňa near Michalovce
The museum is based in an old house built by a Slovak returnee from the USA
The museum provides visitors with powerful insights into and artifacts from the lives of Slovaks who sought refuge and prosperity in North America in the late 19th and early 20th century
plates and much more can be seen in the museum
The Greek Catholic Church of St. Michael the Archangel
one of the smallest wooden churches in the country
The sacred place was built in the first half of the 19th century
It was declared a national cultural monument due to its great cultural and historical value
The Greek Catholic Church of the relics of St
Nicholas the Bishop is older and hidden in the village of Ruská Bystrá
It was built at the beginning of the 18th century
In 2008 it was inscribed onto the UNESCO World Heritage List
Those who would want to see the churches from the inside must call the church administrators
You can usually find their contact on the villages' websites or at the gates of the churches
Ponds in Senné
an important ornithological site in Central Europe
The Sea Eye (Morské oko) in the Vihorlat Mountains
Sninský Kameň (rock) is the most visited site in the Vihorlat Mountains
offering a great view of Morské Oko lake
The Vihorlat Mountains offer a variety of hiking trails
which was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2007
Zemplínska Šírava is the second largest water reservoir in Slovakia
not all public beaches are in good condition
Vinianske Lake is surrounded by woods, which gives visitors a feeling of being in the heart of nature. It is suitable for swimming, water sports, and fishing. Last year, new Wellness Under the Stars was opened there
Climbing rock near the village of Vinné
Spa in Sobrance was a famous spa with unique healing waters
but a chariot race is held there during the summer
The farm Nová Zem in Blatná Polianka offers horseback riding
Children can also go crazy on a trampoline
Farm Skarabeus in Veľké Raškovce offers horse riding
Beekeeping outdoor museum in Moravany
Vinné Castle
the ruins situated near the village of Vinné
has been worked on in recent years by volunteers
in Michalovce is situated in the baroque-classical chateau of the noble family Sztaray
Museum of Vintage Cars in Michalovce was opened in 2023
It is a must-see for visitors who love old American and European cars
Museum of Mining and Ironworks in Remetské Hámre presents the history of mining and ironworks in the Vihorlatské Vrchy mountains and runs an ethnographic exhibition
Visitors to the modern art museum can contribute to the local economy
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When travelling from Humenné to Medzilaborce
you can't miss the impressive ruins of the former monastery in the village of Krásny Brod
Adjacent to it is a newer monastery and a functional chapel
you will find a military cemetery dedicated to those who died in the First World War
This northeastern region of Slovakia relies on its sacral and military monuments to attract tourists
Medzilaborce was an important railway junction during the First World War
serving as a transportation hub for soldiers heading to the Galician Front
resulting in heavy casualties on both sides
The area contains five military cemeteries
The city also had a significant Jewish community
which was tragically destroyed during the Second World War
though it is poorly marked and accessible only via field and forest paths
In addition to the cemeteries in the district town
its golden dome gleams in the hot summer sun
this spiritual landmark will soon be overshadowed by another building currently under reconstruction near the main road
an acclaimed pop art artist from the USA with roots in the nearby village of Miková
I am meeting with the museum's director
The former cultural centre from the socialist era is being transformed beyond recognition
with the individual exhibition rooms set to be interconnected
Cubjak also points out the black boxes on the roof
which will be used for various educational activities for children
as well as for art students who will have the opportunity to participate in creative internships or workshops
Cubjak describes the vision of transforming the town into a hub of pop art
highlighting that students could potentially live at the museum temporarily
which is already adorned with walkable greenery
will also feature a small amphitheatre that can serve as an open-air cinema or host band performances
we can see the rooms that will be converted into storage areas
The museum's renovation will primarily focus on interactivity
The revamped museum aims to showcase Warhol's diverse artistic talents
the building will feature seamless connectivity between the interior and exterior
facilitated by the walkable roof and façade," explains Cubjak as we walk along the steel grilles attached to the museum's façade
These grilles can also serve as a viewing terrace
still needs to secure funding for technology
It is estimated that approximately €2.4 million will be required
The costs for the reconstruction have exceeded the original budget
rising from around €7 million to over €12 million
Today's territory of Slovakia was part of different monarchies throughout history
Here's a list of the largest municipalities in the Medzilaborce
Svidník and Stropkov districts with their historical names:
Nižná Olšava - Alsóolsva
Vyšná Olšava - Felsőolsva
Ladomirová - Ladomérvágása
Vyšný Mirošov – Felsőmerse
Radvaň nad Laborcom - Izbugyaradvány
only an emergency restoration of the building was planned
and the absence of an elevator for disabled individuals
the director lobbied for a full-scale reconstruction with both the government and the regional authorities
The project began in April 2023 and was expected to take 18 months
It is now clear that this timeline may not be feasible
Cubjak believes that the construction could realistically be completed by the end of the year
but the exhibit might only open just before the summer season next year
Medzilaborce is not a town renowned for its historical monuments
The city centre mainly features buildings from the socialist era and churches
Its primary attraction is the Andy Warhol Museum of Modern Art
we had over 12,000 visitors during the summer season
and on some days we had to regulate entry," Cubjak recalls
he estimates that visitor numbers may double
He is concerned about whether the town will be able to handle such an influx of tourists
"We don't want visitors to spend just two hours at the museum
We aim for them to contribute to the local economy as well," the director explains
revealing plans to integrate the museum with the town
the town and its surroundings have the potential to attract tourists for longer stays
The plan is to encourage locals to open small cafés and shops
creating an atmosphere akin to Montmartre in Paris
is optimistic about the potential for new tourism and gastronomy businesses
He notes that new accommodation and dining establishments are emerging in villages like Habura
these areas only have small family-run guesthouses
which are inadequate for accommodating large numbers of tourists
The town also has a limited number of restaurants
and even guesthouses and an art hotel named after the artist are noticeable
these references are sporadic and do not fully convey the essence of Warhol's work and legacy
Rastislav Slivka's family is from Driečna
a part of Vladiča village in the Stropkov district
primarily focusing on raising cattle and sheep
he decided to diversify his business by establishing a guesthouse
he realised that he needed a more stable business than cattle breeding
he chose to build a new one to accommodate his plans for a larger guesthouse
The current capacity of the pension is 22 beds
Half of the construction costs were covered by European funds
while the remaining expenses came from Slivka's personal savings
he criticises the bureaucratic processes involved in accessing these funds
Slivka's partner who helps manage the guest house
notes that accommodation options in this area are limited
which allows them to cater to a diverse range of guests
The guest house particularly welcomes families with children who appreciate nature and tranquillity
a small covered gymnasium is nearing completion
the guest house also attracts sports clubs
and companies for team-building activities
leading to the addition of a wellness centre on the premises
Operating year-round is crucial for this business
they also serve companies during the quieter spring and autumn months
there is a small ski lift behind the guesthouse
while we can go and learn how tourism is developing over there," remarks Slivka
state support for local tourism works much better than in Slovakia
"A Pole comes up with an idea to expand a guest house and receives the funds very quickly
We have to fight for projects from European funds
we often get nothing because we don't fit into certain schemes
Projects are often meaningless," Slivka says
"Visit the Solina reservoir in Poland and see how life is there
You'd feel as if you were on a beach promenade in Croatia," adds Varcholová
"Poles have the heart of entrepreneurs; they know how to turn ordinary stone into a tourist attraction
even though we have our own tourist gems," she reflects
she admits that Poles also come to Slovakia for a quieter holiday away from mass tourism
adds that Romanians have already surpassed Slovaks in tourism development
"They have built an incredible number of services in recent years," he notes
The deficiencies in Slovakia are evident in the maintenance of local roads
While some repairs have been made in recent years
there are still sections where the roads are riddled with potholes
making it difficult for even cyclists to pass through without risking a fall
"If the roads were properly maintained
as heavy trucks rarely pass through here," adds Slivka
the bicycle paths in the forest are often neglected and obstructed by overgrown trees
entrepreneurs are planning to expand the restaurant's capacity to accommodate up to 120 people
enabling it to host weddings and celebrations
They also intend to add small cottages to the guest house and expand the children's amusement park
the entrepreneurs are still facing a shortage of manpower
"People tend to leave this region rather than arrive
and not everyone is willing to work," concludes Slivka
The owners themselves work in the guest house and can only take short breaks during the winter
Visitors observing military equipment can visit a local restaurant called Vernex Lokal
The restaurant features a modern design with wood
which is unexpected for a small town in northeastern Slovakia
The family business is managed by Erik Ducár
whose father Ladislav started it in the early 1990s
food wholesale and later expanded into the gastro business
now owning several establishments in Svidník and nearby Stropkov
an artist who provides graphics for their companies
The restaurant in the city centre serves typical pub fare such as wings and hamburgers
The manager described the clientele as mainly locals with some tourists
especially hikers on the SNP (Slovak National Uprising) trail
Svidník is a popular stop on a tourist route in Slovakia due to its military history
The number of Polish tourists visiting the town and local water park has declined in recent years
The manager thinks the Poles have better facilities and services
he highlights the lack of cooperation among services in the tourism industry in Slovakia
Ducár mentions that visitors typically stay for the weekend
leading the company to consider offering apartments in the future instead of building a guest house or hotel
He emphasises the need for improved marketing and more diverse services to attract a wider range of tourists beyond those interested in military history
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See some selected travel articles, podcasts, traveller infoas well as other guides
Explore the charm of Upper Orava’s key town
blending socialist architecture with a rich religious heritage
Trstená, a key town in the Upper Orava (Horná Orava) region, offers a unique blend of socialist architecture and historical significance, particularly in its religious monuments. It is located in Northern Slovakia and this part of Slovakia you can discover with our Žilina region travel guide
distinguished by its four turrets beneath the main tower
Visitors can also savour a coffee within its welcoming space
Beside the church lies a Franciscan monastery from the late 18th century
while a reconstructed crypt beneath the church adds to its historic allure
The town recently restored the Vilček Mansion
The museum’s highlight is the Orava clay nativity scene
crafted from clay—a material deeply rooted in Trstená’s heritage
with a ceramic workshop still in operation today
Mayor Magda Zmarzláková describes the nativity scene as “a unique display of European significance
featuring up to 500 clay figures that fill the entire room.”
Visitors are also encouraged to explore the municipal office
housed in a beautifully restored historic building with a fascinating backstory
Originally constructed in the nearby village of Liesek by a Belgian mining company in the early 20th century
the building was part of an ambitious project to extract coal from the Orava region
when the coal reserves proved less plentiful than anticipated
where it now serves as the district office and a pub
For those who prefer to venture beyond the city centre and immerse themselves in nature
there’s now an opportunity to blend tourism with spiritual enrichment
A Marian pilgrimage site has recently been established on Bubeník Hill
Pilgrims gather here every mid-July to celebrate the Feast of the Scapular of the Virgin Mary
The site also features an educational trail adorned with a mosaic Stations of the Cross
adding an artistic dimension to the experience
“It’s an ideal spot for a family day out,” says Zmarzláková
Plans are underway to construct an observation tower at the hill’s summit
promising panoramic views of Roháče
Trstená itself offers a tranquil retreat
with city parks featuring green oases where visitors can relax on benches or browse books from an outdoor library
The town still operates a cinema equipped with 3D projection—a rarity in smaller towns
all while enjoying the peace and quiet,” says the mayor
encapsulating the charm of this small yet vibrant town
A helping hand in the heart of Europe: a travel guide to Slovakia
the recently renovated Roháč Hotel stands as a beacon of transformation
Hotel Skalka is undergoing significant repairs
and the town’s historic Jewish synagogue is set to be restored
the synagogue will house a cultural and information centre
“We want tourists to spend more time here,” the mayor says
noting that this will benefit local hotels
the village of Ústie nad Priehradou
nestles along the shores of the Orava Dam—the largest reservoir in Slovakia
Visitors can explore a fascinating 3D model of the dam
which depicts the sections of the village that now lie submerged beneath its waters
For those venturing into the wider region of Upper Orava
the nearby district town of Tvrdošín offers a cultural gem: a 15th-century Gothic wooden church
Recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site
this architectural treasure provides a glimpse into Slovakia’s mediaeval past and is not to be missed
For those weary of both sacred and secular landmarks in the cities of Upper Orava
the recreation centre of Oravice offers a welcome retreat
best known for its soothing geothermal waters
the area serves as an ideal starting point for hikes into the rugged Western Tatras
Oravice also caters to cycling enthusiasts
with trails winding through the serene Tichá and Bobrovecká valleys
the area transforms into a hub for snow sports
skiers can pause in the village of Vitanová
Find out more about the region of folklore, national parks and modern attractions in our Žilina Region Travel Guide
the charming mountain village of Zuberec beckons
visitors can explore an open-air museum that brings Orava’s traditional village life to vivid life
The village also serves as a gateway to the majestic Roháč mountains
home to pristine alpine lakes like Ťatliakovo Lake
the Brestovská Cave awaits exploration
the Orava Grove holiday resort near Breznica offers indoor and outdoor pools
alongside a farm where guests can take riding lessons or simply enjoy the company of horses
You can explore Upper Orava not only by car or on foot but also by bicycle
A largely segregated asphalt cycle path offers a safe and enjoyable biking experience
while mountain roads cater to those seeking a more adventurous ride
The cycle route along the Orava River closely follows the railway line
the former railway tracks have been repurposed into a new cycle path
a project initiated by the local communities
The path offers access to a variety of attractions
and the Polish village of Chocholów
known for its thermal aquapark and charming wooden houses
Riders will also pass through wetlands teeming with unique flora
the route is dotted with numerous cultural landmarks
offering a glimpse into the region’s rich history and heritage
Few people are aware that iron was once mined in Upper Orava
this activity gave rise to an ironworks later known as Františkova Huta
the site is recognised as one of Orava’s most significant technical monuments
Its main structure stands in the village of Podbiel
making it a compelling destination for enthusiasts of industrial architecture
Iron ore was also extracted in Juráňová Dolina
Discover Northern Slovakia with our Žilina region travel guide
Orava Clay Nativity Scene
a unique piece with over 500 ceramic figurines in Trstená
Orava Village Museum in Zuberec
The Church of All Saints
a wooden Gothic church in Tvrdošín
Statue of the Coronation of the Virgin Mary
Chapel and bell tower
Mária Medvecká Gallery
Bobrova Raľa and the small ethnographic museum
Františkova Huta
the ruins of a 19th-century ironworks near the village of Podbiel
Ski resort Brezovica
Ski resort Roháče - Spálená
A helping hand in the heart of Europe thanks to our Slovakia travel guide with more than 1,000 photos and hundred of tourist spots
Our detailed travel guide to the Tatras introduces you to the whole region around the Tatra mountains
Lost in Bratislava? Impossible with our City Guide
a rugged and hilly region in Slovakia’s northwest
is known for its treacherous driving conditions
With no motorway cutting through the landscape
traffic often crawls along the main route to Poland
a vital corridor yet one sorely lacking in infrastructure
one must step away from the congestion and embrace the slower
winding roads that weave through valleys and past remote settlements
That’s exactly what we set out to do
Setting off in the early evening to avoid the notorious jams
we arrived two and a half hours later in Oščadnica
Our arrival in the village centre is marked by the church in the square
and we check into the Centrál Guesthouse
greets us personally at the reception desk
He has been involved in the tourism industry for nearly 30 years
"I started by helping my father in his guesthouse restaurant
but eventually I became independent and have run my own guesthouse for 25 years
It’s essentially a family business—my wife works here
and my daughter and son also lend a hand," Robert Kopera shares
For many foreigners tracing their Slovak heritage, finding the burial sites of their ancestors is a deeply personal journey. To aid in this quest, we have provided maps of the districts we visited, with every cemetery carefully marked. Here you can find cemeteries in Kysuce region
prompting us to ask about the winter season
Kopera admits it had been weak due to a lack of snow
Kysuce once attracted many skiers to the nearby Snowparadise Veľká Rača Oščadnica ski resort
Kopera recalls that in the 1990s and early 2000s
Polish media warned tourists about rising prices
This downturn forced many village guesthouses to close
as Polish tourists had been their primary customers
"The loss of Polish visitors was disastrous for us
we wouldn’t have survived," Kopera says
While some Poles are starting to return to Oščadnica
Poland has successfully developed its own ski lifts just across the border
modern ski resorts in Poland now feature an aquapark as a key attraction
Kopera has been working to attract guests to his newly completed wellness centre
which was finished just before the Covid-19 pandemic
his investments did not yield returns in the initial years
forcing him to put plans for room renovations on hold
"An aquapark would be particularly beneficial for us because people enjoy relaxing there
they could spend the entire day using the facilities," says Kopera
The idea of a water park has sparked discussions among several local entrepreneurs
the primary goal should be to attract more Polish tourists to Kysuce
Their advantage lies in a different mentality compared to Slovaks
Kopera points out that Poland offers a wide range of activities even outside the peak season
it can feel rather quiet outside the winter months
He notes that Slovak and Czech tourists often bring their own food and drinks when staying in accommodation
For Kysuce to become a popular tourist destination
the government or local authorities need to launch a strong marketing campaign—something that
Kopera believes that a tourist who enjoys mountains and cycling could easily spend a week in Kysuce
He sees the greatest potential in expanding the network of cycling routes
During our visit to the ski slope in Oščadnica
The slope has very little snow—only a narrow strip surrounded by brown meadows
Slovakia's territory has been part of different monarchies throughout history
the current names of Slovak municipalities are different than during that era
Here's a list of the largest municipalities in Kysuce region with their historical names stated in the brackets:
Krásno nad Kysucou - Karásznó
Kysucké Nové Mesto - Kiszucaújhely
Raková - Trencsénrákó
The full list of all Slovak municipalities, including their historical names, can be found at www.geni.sk (in Slovak only)
significantly affecting businesses that depend on skiers
One such entrepreneur is Július Gánoczy
owner of the Športcentrum ski resort in Oščadnica and the Gájuz guesthouse
Július believes the decline in Polish visitors is also due to the deteriorating quality of the ski resort in Veľká Rača
ownership of the resort has frequently changed; ticket prices have risen
but the quality of the lifts and services has not improved accordingly
having served as head of the Veľká Rača resort in the 1990s
He left his position due to disagreement over privatising it
Kopera confirms that the Snowparadise Veľká Rača ski resort is stagnating
it’s the opposite—we are trying to attract them to go skiing," he adds
Ganóczy believes the introduction of the euro and higher prices have not deterred Poles from visiting Slovakia
Ganóczy argues that poorer services in Slovakia
"The Poles have made effective use of EU funds; they didn’t misuse them
They built cable cars and improved services such as ski schools
their prices are approximately 20 percent lower than ours," he explains
the number of Polish visitors to Slovakia has declined
despite the fact that they accounted for 90 percent of his clients at the start of the millennium
Czech visitors have also reduced their numbers since the division of Czechoslovakia and now tend to appear more as hikers than skiers
Oščadnica has always depended on skiing for its livelihood
but when the skiing season does not go well
"There used to be private accommodation in every other house
but that is no longer the case," he notes
highlighting the village’s current situation
He believes that an aquapark will not be a solution for Kysuce
which remains the foundation of local businesses
he expects to serve cyclists as the number of cycle paths in Kysuce increases
the hilly terrain is not ideal for families
He recommends the cycle path through Bystrická Valley
which runs from Krásno to Vychylovka and was built on a former railway line
he offered cart rides on the ski slope during the summer
and electric cars in the car park were unpopular
"It wasn’t profitable," he reflects
sees the future of small ski resorts as bleak due to mild winters and a lack of successors
he does not pressure his daughters to take over
"It doesn’t work here like in Austria
I’ll probably sell it," he muses
we are awakened by the ringing of the church bell
so we have to scrape the ice off the car windows
but we’re excited that the ski lifts are operational
Following the helpful advice of the owner of the Centrál guesthouse
we avoid the often congested route through Čadca and instead take the quieter road via Skalité
This border village stretches out long and narrow
we arrive in Čierne and head to the municipal office to meet the mayor
Peter Staňo greets us as he sees off a previous guest
who previously ran a wood and furniture business
where he inherited his parents’ house
so it’s possible," Staňo explains
he thought he could balance being mayor with his business
but I eventually began to enjoy being mayor," he recalls
He is well aware of the conditions in the three countries whose borders meet near Čierne
allowing him to make effective comparisons
he believes that tourism in Slovakia is lagging behind that of the Czech Republic and Poland
which exceeded the municipality’s budget tenfold
and lighting along the Trojmedzie area," recalls Staňo
a farm located in the Trojmedzie area on the Czech side of the border
What was once an area rarely visited due to poor access has gradually transformed into one of the top 10 most visited places in the Moravian-Silesian Region
is not being properly harnessed in Slovakia
Staňo points to the Polish village of Istebna
Slovakia has only a fraction of such facilities
the claim that Poles have stopped visiting Slovakia due to higher prices is merely an excuse
What matters more to them is the quality of service
which we have neglected," he explains
Since service quality in Poland has improved
Poles lagged behind us in terms of services
but today they are miles ahead," the mayor states
He adds that there is now a noticeable gap between Poland and the Czech Republic on one side
in terms of the breadth and quality of tourist services
Kysuce has attractions to offer tourists; it simply needs to improve its services to compete with its neighbours
The lack of progress can be attributed to the inability of Slovak entrepreneurs to effectively access EU funds
This is not due to their own shortcomings but rather a result of Slovak bureaucracy
which included a fence with a camera trap to protect my sheep from wolves," Staňo shares
While almost everyone in Hrčava has EU-funded tractors
the same cannot be said for those in Čierne
Staňo also raises concerns about the proposal to build an aquapark to attract tourists to Kysuce
so an aquapark will be of little benefit without those essentials," he argues
tourism is about more than just accommodation
It requires a whole system of interconnected services
The Kysuce region is facing challenges as traditional agriculture and sheep farming continue to decline
Staňo believes that the future of tourism lies in agrotourism
he has founded events such as the Spring Bull Festival and BačaFest
which showcase traditional shepherding ceremonies
including the practice of driving sheep out to pasture
where sheep numbers have risen from just a few dozen to thousands in recent years
Staňo also highlights how unnecessarily strict hygiene regulations hinder the sale of cheese from mountain farms to tourists
"I have a modern cheese factory on the Czech side
but I can’t invite people to buy cheese from me due to hygiene regulations," Staňo explains
selling cheese in a traditional cheese hut is not permitted because it fails to meet hygiene standards—whereas in Poland
Slovakia has the strictest hygiene regulations among the three countries
yet there is no support for the production of traditional cheese or bryndza (a type of soft sheep’s cheese)
"It’s no wonder we have to import bryndza from Poland and milk from Romania," Staňo adds
He believes that if municipalities speed up their use of EU funds and enhance their marketing efforts
"We need to attract visitors from across the border because domestic tourists alone will not be enough to sustain us," he emphasises
The two statesmen will discuss the Nord Stream project
Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico will have dinner with Russian President Vladimir Putin on August 25
The main topic will be the Nord Stream gas pipeline project
Fico said at the August 23 press conference in Sobrance (Košice Region)
the Denník N daily reported on its website
Though the prime minister did not reveal more details at the press conference
the Government’s Office specified on August 24 that Fico and Putin will meet at 19:00 CET
They will discuss current topics regarding the bilateral cooperation between Slovakia and Russia
Fico and some of his government ministers are currently touring the towns in eastern Slovakia
They have already approved action plans aimed at reducing the number of unemployed in the poor districts for Sabinov (Prešov Region)
promising to allocate altogether €82 million from both public and private sources
The lake in Beňatina is the most eastern travertine bearing locality in the country
The natural lake in the village of Beňatina is one of the most visited sites in the Sobrance district (Košice Region)
With its beautiful scenery and crystal clear
turquoise water it is reminiscent of the Plitvice Lakes in Crotia
hence the nickname “Little Croatia”
“This site is quite popular among tourists,” said Viktor Wurm from the Košice Region’s Tourism organisation
“Those who are less aware of the place may still be surprised that Slovakia has such natural beauty.”
The lake is the most eastern travertine bearing locality in Slovakia which was used as a stone pit until recently
the site was filled by underground water which then created the lakes
One of the attractions is a five-metre-high formation that some say is a print of a large prehistoric whale
“Others say it is only the play of light on the rocks’ colours,” Wurm said
The lake in Beňatina is part of the tourism “quadrilateral” that can be visited within one day
it consists of two wooden churches in Inovce and Ruská Bystrá