One of London’s oldest buildings re-thatched with 30 tonnes of reed in restoration project
Work has officially started on a mammoth 12-month project to rescue a 15th century Tithe Barn in Upminster from Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register
The register gives an annual snapshot of the health of England’s valued historic buildings and places and helps to ensure they can be protected and continue to be enjoyed in the future
The structure was identified as being at risk and added to the register in 2023 and through the Lower Thames Crossing scheme
£650,000 of funding is helping to restore the building
Thanks to close partnership between National Highways
and Historic England this funding will help safeguard the building and secure its future
The barn is protected as a scheduled monument
the highest level of heritage protection.
The Tithe Barn dates from a time when England was in the midst of an economic crisis known as the Great Slump
rents and what was deemed to be acceptable levels of royal taxation
This played a part in civil uprisings and the outbreak of civil war in 1455 between the Houses of Lancaster and York
subsequently known as the War of the Roses
The first phase of restoration includes re-thatching the roof
plus repairs to structural timbers and historic brickwork
Heritage Advisor for the proposed Lower Thames Crossing
said: “As well as being recognised as a building of historical significance the Tithe Barn in Upminster plays a fundamental part in helping to preserve our heritage and educate future generations of our collective history
“The barn dates from around 1450 and is originally part of the Waltham Abbey estate
It is thatched with water reed and at 44 metres long is one of the largest thatched barns in Britain
The re-thatching is no mean feat for the team of specialists.”
Four master thatchers and two apprentices are hard at work re-thatching the barn
said: “We’re delighted to be working together with National Highways
Lower Thames Crossing scheme and all our partners
“The start of the thatching works is an exciting milestone and will be a stunning feature of the barn when the restoration is completed
Havering is very proud to have this building as part of the borough’s very proud history
“The works being carried out will mean we can keep another part of our heritage alive for our residents now and for future generations to come.”
The reed is around 2m in length and around 11,000 bundles will be used
The finishing touch will be a pair of boxing hares as finials on top of the new thatched roof which is expected to last between 50 and 60 years
Historic England is boosting the barn’s restoration with a £97,664 grant along with ongoing specialist advice and support
This funding covers further essential work including timber repairs and treatment of all the external woodwork
Historic England added: “Securing the support of National Highways has been instrumental in getting the repair and restoration of this exceptionally important building off the ground
By working together we have developed a conservation scheme that will secure the tithe barn’s future and remove it from the Heritage at Risk Register
Watching the thatchers at work really demonstrates the skill
care and attention needed to look after our most precious historic places so that they can be loved for longer.”
The work is being carried out by Lexden Contracts Ltd
specialists Essex Oak Frame Ltd, Simply Thatch Ltd and design team Purcell, Conisbee and Stace
Your guide to London's culture and transport news and events taking place across the city
Published on 30th January 2025 by ianVisits in History
Last week, it was announced that one of London’s last thatched roofs was being replaced
there was an invitation to see it up close
The Upminster tithe barn is a short walk from the tube station and sits down a side road
a long rectangle of protective scaffolding loomed over the visitor
Although its thatched roof has been replaced several times and there have been some repairs
it’s substantially the same barn that its original builders would have recognised
recent research suggests it was probably just a local barn for the abbey that owned the land around here
the idea that it’s a Tithe Barn has been ingrained for so long that mere facts don’t really matter now — it’s always going to be the tithe barn
Due to the deteriorating state of the roof
the barn was put on Historic England’s Buildings at Risk register a couple of years ago
While being put on a register saying your building is in a poor state of repair sounds like a bad thing
it can be a blessing in disguise as it raises the profile of the problem and can help to unlock funding grants for repairs
were able to secure £650,000 of central government funding via the National Highways Heritage Fund
Rising costs saw Historic England top up the funding with an additional £97,664
and also provide advice on the restoration work
conservation work finally got underway last year
only after a bat inspector found a bat and moved it to a new bat box in the nearby woods
While the roof restoration is visually the most obvious repair
a lot of work has been carried out to stabilise and repair the barn timbers and undo some of the bad decisions of the past
some of the timbers were mounted onto concrete posts
which was thought to protect them from rot
That increases damage rather than prevents it
the roof was removed late last year so that the replacement could arrive
The reeds used on thatched roofs are fairly waterproof as that’s what makes them so good for roofs
they are really bad at rotting down when removed when their lifespan is over
So what do you do with 17 tonnes of 50-year-old thatched roof
it makes for very good mulch to put around plants
and if you visit one of Havering Council’s public parks and see fresh mulch added recently
it’s probably the shredded remains from Upminster Barn’s roof
Sadly the British weather was particuarly British last year
they couldn’t wait to see what this summer might be like
so took the pragmatic decision to import 17 tonnes of thatching reeds from Turkey
the team of six thatchers have managed to pretty much complete the job
At time of the visit they were working on the top ridge and finishing off the detailing work
Something else to go in the top before they finish though will be a time capsule being supplied by local schools
which is roughly when the roof will next need to be rethatched again
Apart from the appearance of the newly thatched roof
there’s the smell — of a very clean horse stables where there’s loads of hay around but none of the muck
An initial thought was to not cover the barn in scaffolding to cut costs
but stripping off the old roof would have left it exposed to the weather for a few weeks
and that was considered too much of a risk
100 huge water tanks dotted around the barn
are used to prevent the weather from blowing it away
Inside the barn there’s ever more scaffolding
to hold up an internal floor and give the timber restorers access to the upper areas
they’ve tried to be minimally invasive
only replacing whole timbers where repairs are not possible
new pegs are used to secure the posts in the traditional way
which has led to a debate about whether the pegs should be cut flush or left proud
It’s the sort of debate where there’s no correct answer
but it can provoke lengthy debates about the merits of both
The barn has chosen the expressed pegs option
and the craftspeople working on the site will be encouraged to leave their “masons marks” on the new timbers
Sourcing the replacement timbers nearly proved a problem
as the restoration of the Notre Dame in Paris used so much of the ideal long thick timbers they needed that there’s been a bit of a shortage of the right sort to use for this restoration
It’s also a slightly surreal experience to be inside the barn just underneath the roof while the thatchers outside thump away with their mallets
delivering dull thumps just above your head as you walk around the scaffolding
they are also installing some modern lighting to replace the old incandescent hot bulbs and a new lightning conductor will provide necessary protection that the barn has long lacked
In a few months time, the craftspeople who have been working on the barn will leave, the scaffolding will come down, and the Museum of Nostalgia will prepare to move back in again
it will be reopened to the public this springtime
(update – they’ve just announced it’ll be closed for the rest of 2025
The restoration has been carried out by Lexden Contracts
The new thatched roof should also pave the way for the tithe barn to be removed from Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register later this year
This website has been running now for over a decade, and while advertising revenue contributes to funding the website, it doesn't cover the costs. That is why I have set up a facility with DonorBox where you can contribute to the costs of the website and time invested in writing and research for the news articles
It's very similar to the way The Guardian and many smaller websites are now seeking to generate an income in the face of rising costs and declining advertising
Whether it's a one-off donation or a regular giver
every additional support goes a long way to covering the running costs of this website
and keeping you regularly topped up doses of Londony news and facts
If you like what you read on here, then please support the website here
Thank you for the excellent and informative article on the Upminster Tithe Barn
I live locally and have enjoyed reading about the history and restoration of the Barn
I look forward to receiving the weekly IanVisits emails in my Inbox and reading about all the interesting things there are to see and do in and around London
and website in this browser for the next time I comment
Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value"
and the latest news published on ianVisits
You can unsubscribe at any time from my weekly emails
© ianVisits