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where densely packed poultry sheds crowd the landscape
the future of Europe’s meat industry hums to the rhythm of millions of broiler chickens
Inside, birds bred to grow at record speed shuffle under the constant glow of artificial light
grow faster and end their lives in industrial kill lines — destined for export to Germany
Here — and across much of the world — it’s a policy choice
policymakers have long championed poultry as a “transition meat” — a pragmatic alternative to climate-intensive beef
scalable across global markets and often promoted as a leaner
lower-fat option compared with pork or beef
In political shorthand: the least-worst option
But as a fresh wave of highly pathogenic avian influenza, also known as bird flu, sweeps across continents — killing hundreds of millions of birds
infecting some mammal species and prompting sweeping lockdowns — the virus is edging closer to spilling over into humans
That is putting the poultry playbook under stress
more than 90 million birds have been culled over the past year
over 11.5 million were culled in the first months of 2025 to stop the disease from spreading
Behind those numbers lie deeper dilemmas: ethical shortcuts
epidemiological risk and a protein system optimized for speed
The European Commission moved in early April to expand protection zones and tighten biosecurity rules in Poland
which alone accounted for some 80 of the EU’s 200 confirmed outbreaks of highly pathogenic bird flu this year
The Commission had warned that Poland’s initial response posed a risk to biosecurity in the EU’s borderless internal market and threatened measures that would have effectively shut down all exports from the country
Under pressure from Warsaw, Brussels stepped back from its toughest proposals, but not without conditions: The Commission asked the Polish authorities to present an “action plan” to contain the virus
Commission food safety spokesperson Eva Hrnčířová emphasized that the response was “not something about Poland without Poland,” noting that the agreed measures were drawn up “together with the Polish national and regional authorities” and “based on information from Poland.” The aim
was “to create protection rather than restriction.”
What’s notable is where that plan came from. As Polish Agriculture Minister Czesław Siekierski explained in a radio interview
the proposed measures — including containment zones and limits on introducing new flocks
but no halt to production or exports — came from the poultry industry itself and were then adopted by the government
The plan was formally endorsed by Poland’s chief veterinary officer and submitted to Brussels as the country’s official response
“This was a proposal from the producers,” Siekierski said
“And it was passed to Brussels as our official position.”
Siekierski has repeatedly defended the sector’s symbolic and economic role
calling it “the flagship of Polish agriculture.” But he also acknowledged: “The problem of avian influenza in Poland cannot be solved without bearing some costs — but what matters is finding systemic solutions.”
Poland is now the bloc’s poultry powerhouse — responsible for nearly one in five chickens produced and a third of all exports
The sector supports hundreds of thousands of jobs and sends more than half its output abroad
Its rise was turbocharged by industrial scale and genetic homogeneity
Most Polish broilers come from a few breeds that reach slaughter weight in just five weeks
That efficiency is driven by tight vertical integration: Major poultry companies control nearly every stage of production — from breeding and feed mills to slaughterhouses and export
Most of the millions of birds being culled aren’t actually sick
the detection of even a single infection can mean killing entire sheds — sometimes hundreds of thousands of birds at once
The logic is brutally simple: slaughter the whole flock to stop the virus from jumping to the next farm
Jażdżewski has warned of a shortage of trained veterinary inspectors
saying: “We have a problem with boots on the ground.” Basic safeguards like disinfecting equipment and securing feed supplies aren’t always applied consistently
But even perfect biosecurity may not be enough
who was not authorized to speak on the record
told POLITICO that the system’s design allows outbreaks to escalate rapidly
“When a virus like this lands in a region with high farm concentration
it’s like throwing a spark into a powder keg,” they said
clothing — even dust and feathers carried by the wind
This epidemiologist noted that while there have been discussions about limiting how closely farms can be sited
“the law doesn’t work backward” — meaning existing clusters would likely remain
Poland’s poultry industry rejects the idea that the system’s scale or structure is to blame
the National Poultry Council argued that outbreaks are primarily driven by wild birds — not farm density
The group also pushed back against suggestions that producers should shoulder more of the costs
insisting that poultry businesses already invest heavily in biosecurity and that “professional
economically strong farms are precisely those best positioned” to uphold standards
The EU-wide industry group AVEC struck a similar tone
telling POLITICO that production at scale “does not necessarily increase” the risk of large-scale outbreaks
Some industry representatives go further. “We cannot agree to let irresponsible producers repeatedly expose the whole poultry sector to losses,” said Paweł Podstawka, head of the Polish Federation of Poultry Farmers and Egg Producers, in comments to Polish media
He called for licensing poultry farming as a profession
Other European countries have faced similar risks — but not on Poland’s scale
once the EU’s epicenter for avian influenza
has recorded just a single farm outbreak this year
Supporters of the poultry-first strategy emphasize the climate calculus
chicken emits up to 90 percent less CO₂ per kilo of protein
It also uses far less water and land.
The World Bank now touts chicken as a climate asset — one of the least polluting animal proteins and a tool for reducing food system emissions
But those environmental gains come with trade-offs. Male chick culling, still widespread outside Germany and France, sees hundreds of millions of baby birds killed each year for being unprofitable. The dominant broiler breeds have been called “ticking time bombs,” prone to chronic pain and heart failure
The growing ability of the virus to jump species has reignited fears of a zoonotic leap to humans
“This is more than an agricultural crisis,” FAO Deputy Director General Beth Bechdol said in March
“The uncontrolled spread of avian influenza and other zoonotic diseases pose serious risks to global health
to economic stability — just as we have seen with Ebola and other human pandemics.”
meat remains years from mainstream approval
There’s no clear successor to chicken on the protein horizon
giving the poultry lobby staying power and broiler chickens time to keep growing
The deal between Warsaw and Brussels remains shaky
An EU veterinary mission visited Poland in late April to assess whether the action plan is being enforced — and whether it’s working
A final report is expected in the coming weeks
A negative verdict could trigger new restrictions
Several scientists echoed concerns that it’s not wild birds or lapses in hygiene
but the industrial model itself that makes outbreaks hard to contain — whether in Poland
the industry could afford to reduce intensity
a leading Danish virologist at the University of Copenhagen
he warned: “Somebody will always make a mistake — and once the virus gets into these dense systems
it spreads fast.” While vaccination is often floated as a solution
Vaccines reduce symptoms but don’t always block transmission — meaning the virus may still circulate silently in flocks
Even Siekierski now seems to grasp how fragile the system has become. Over the weekend, he posted candidly on social media: Producers hit by outbreaks get generous compensation; those spared enjoy high prices
noting that the ministry had burned through its annual biosecurity funds by March
“That’s why I believe it’s time to seriously start an agricultural transformation,” he added
Dutch government buys time for farmers but tests the limits of domestic courts and EU environmental law
exposing the reach of ultra-persistent chemicals in Europe’s food chain
Brussels is chockablock with people trying to influence new rules on everything from Big Tech to pesticide use
Here’s where they’ve put most of their efforts
Hungary and Slovakia are battling outbreaks of the highly contagious livestock disease
Many Americans planning summer trips to Europe head to popular tourist spots in Italy or Greece
However, I've wanted to visit Poland for years to learn more about the country's history and explore some of my own Polish roots
and Poland defied all of my expectations in the best way
gray country with a sterile Cold War feel — perhaps because much of what I know about it is based on its roles throughout history
and a fascinating mix of old and new that blended seamlessly
Although the cities I visited in Poland have plenty of nondescript Cold War-era buildings
they are interspersed with a handful of ornate pre-World War II buildings
Although Poland is surrounded by land on three sides
it still has beaches and a beautiful range of landscapes
I was particularly astonished by the beauty of Zakopane
this mountain town seemed like a true haven for hikers and nature lovers
I was especially impressed by the local public transportation systems in the two major cities I visited in Poland
Warsaw's public transportation network includes buses
I used an easy-to-use app to seamlessly navigate around the city throughout the trip
the public transportation options in Warsaw were as good as those in my hometown of Washington
but I also appreciated the city's robust bus and tram system
Trains connect Kraków to several popular nearby sites
including the Wieliczka Salt Mine and the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and museum
Many stereotypes I'd heard painted Poland as a cold place
but I was pleasantly surprised by the friendliness and numerous communal spaces I encountered in the country
had many lively parks and town squares filled with restaurants
I saw families playing and groups taking yoga classes in parks
I visited a vibrant open-air food market and enjoyed seeing many people lingering over drinks to chat and listen to live music
had main streets designed for pedestrians and promenades with seating areas that seemed perfect for gathering
Before my trip, I wasn't super familiar with Polish cuisine beyond pierogi
the country's beloved dumplings that are often boiled and filled with mashed potatoes
and was delighted to find that most of the food I ate in Poland wasn't as beige or basic
the country surprised me with its wide selection of diverse and modern cuisine
some serving Polish fusion cuisine and others serving classics like pasta and steak that I'd find back home
One Middle Eastern-inspired restaurant served me dishes that looked almost too pretty to eat
Because Poland is a relatively affordable country compared to the US
It was awesome to dine at Michelin-starred restaurants that I would never have been able to afford in the United States
For example, a five-course tasting meal in Kraków's Michelin-starred Bottiglieria 1881 starts at about 60 euros
A similar dining experience in the US can easily cost more than double that
With the exception of one mediocre fast-food restaurant my kids insisted on trying
Marco Rubio, Secretary of State
I wish all Polish people a joyous Constitution Day
When the Great Sejm adopted Europe’s first modern Constitution on May 3
it codified democratic principles also dear to our young American Republic
boldly enumerated in the face of external threats
have united and inspired both our nations for centuries
Poland and the United States stand together as partners in building a safer and more prosperous future for our peoples
Poland has dramatically strengthened our shared security through its commitment to NATO and continues to host thousands of American service members
Our trade relationship continues to flourish
and we look forward to continuing to strengthen our energy security cooperation
Our shared future has never looked brighter
I look forward to another year of standing together to uphold the values we share – freedom
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May 2, 2025 | Business, Society
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non-profit foundation that is funded through donations from our readers
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Poland was the only European Union country to record positive consumer sentiment in April
It has also seen the strongest rise in consumer sentiment across the EU this year
setting it apart in a region where confidence broadly declined
driven by mounting concerns over global trade instability and future economic prospects
The consumer confidence index rose by 2 points to 1.1 in Poland last month
the strongest monthly gain across the EU and Poland’s first positive reading since September
with a score above zero indicating positive sentiment
where sentiment came in just below neutral at -0.1
Finland (-7.4) and the EU’s biggest country and economy
The index across the EU as a whole stood at -16
while the strongest negative sentiment was recorded in Greece (-46.8)
Consumer confidence declined in 24 EU member states in April
with only Poland and Finland (where it rose by 0.8 points) showing improvements
Overall sentiment across the EU in April reached its joint-lowest level since October 2023
the EU-wide consumer sentiment index has fallen by 2.8 points
Confidence has declined in 15 countries and increased in 11
with the biggest increases observed in Poland (+3.8%)
The decline in consumer sentiment across the EU comes against a backdrop of broader geopolitical and economic uncertainty
According to Polish business daily Puls Biznesu
recent trade actions by the United States are a key factor contributing to this downturn
The newspaper notes that consumer confidence has also deteriorated across the ocean
with the US Conference Board’s sentiment index in April hitting its lowest level since May 2020
while households’ assessments of their personal financial situations have remained broadly stable
expectations for national economic outlooks have deteriorated since November
when Donald Trump won the US presidential election
In Poland, however, sentiment appears more resilient. Analysts cite several potential reasons: low unemployment
and a comparatively muted reaction to political developments in the US
Poland's unemployment rate of 2.6% in January is the lowest ever recorded in the country by @EU_Eurostat and was the joint-lowest that month among all EU member states
For more, read our full report here: https://t.co/eP5A9JT4eg pic.twitter.com/A9oHu2zLZ6
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) March 7, 2025
broader indicators of economic sentiment in Poland are mixed
The European Commission’s Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI)
a composite indicator that tracks the overall economic sentiment in the EU and euro area
unchanged from March and down 1.5 points year-on-year
This places Poland 11th out of 30 European economies (the 27 EU member states plus Montenegro
above the EU average of 94.4 but well behind regional leaders Malta (108.0)
The ESI is calculated monthly using survey responses from businesses and consumers across the industry
A reading above 100 signals above-average economic sentiment
while a value below 100 indicates sentiment is weaker than average
Poland’s GDP grew by 2.9% in annual terms last year
slightly exceeding economists’ forecasts of 2.8%
The rebound followed a period of slow growth in 2023, when GDP expanded by just 0.1%https://t.co/CuaVxFRuFG
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) January 30, 2025
only four countries in Europe recorded positive industrial sentiment in April
Poland was the second most pessimistic economy in this domain
Retail sentiment also remains weak at -3 points in Poland
placing it 11th from bottom across the continent
Germany (-26.2) and Hungary (-20.6) posted the lowest readings
Main image credit: Kaboompics.com / Pexels
Alicja Ptak is senior editor at Notes from Poland and a multimedia journalist
News, Politics, Society
The proportion of Poles saying the US has a positive influence on the world has also fallen to its lowest recorded level
Law, News, Politics, Society
The stunt has also been criticised by Ukraine’s ambassador to Poland
as well as politicians from Poland’s main ruling party
Business, Defence, News, Politics
“This is another step in the great modernisation of the Polish armed forces,” says Poland’s defence minister
Apr 30, 2025 | Defence, Hot news, News, Politics
That response will include “large Polish and NATO exercises in Poland”
Apr 29, 2025 | Business, Hot news, News, Society
Those employed in Poland work on average the third-longest hours in the European Union
Apr 28, 2025 | Business, Energy & Climate, Hot news, News, Politics
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She has written on issues immigration and Brexit for New Statesman and Prospect
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She has previously worked for Gazeta.pl and Tokfm.pl and contributed to Gazeta Wyborcza
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Daniel Tilles is editor-in-chief of Notes from Poland and assistant professor of history at the Pedagogical University of Krakow
He has written on Polish affairs for a wide range of publications
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Stanley Bill is the founder and editor-at-large of Notes from Poland.He is also Senior Lecturer in Polish Studies and Director of the Polish Studies Programme at the University of Cambridge
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Maine (WGME) -- An exotic animal rescue and rehab center in Maine has a new home
"Mr. Drew and His Animals, too" posted on Facebook that they have a new, long-term home in Poland, Maine.
The rescue center has moved multiple times in the past few years.
Drew Desjardins, who owns "Mr. Drew and His Animals, too," says this new location is perfect for their needs and he's excited to get started.
He says more details about the new space will be released after the lease is signed.
Reporting by Jesús Aguado and Alexandra Schwarz-Goerlich
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Taste of Poland is bringing traditional Eastern European comfort food to Oklahoma with a local twist
The only fully Polish restaurant in the state
it’s the labor of love of owner Alicja Sokolowski
who blends her heritage with her new home through handcrafted recipes and warm hospitality
Sokolowski moved to New York before relocating to Tulsa with her family
Her culinary journey began at local farmers' markets
where she sold handmade pierogies that quickly grew in popularity
she was making over 1,700 pierogies a week out of her home kitchen
she crafts nearly every item on the menu from scratch
The restaurant’s signature dish is the pierogi
stuffed with a variety of fillings like cheese and onion or a more local creation
the “Okie pierogi,” made with brisket and beans
Other menu highlights include cabbage rolls stuffed with meat and rice
pickle soup made from house-brined cucumbers
and toasted baguettes known as zappies topped with caramelized mushrooms and homemade mayo
Even the salads incorporate house-made elements like honey-ginger pears and farmer’s cheese
guests can enjoy a range of lightly sweetened Polish treats like honey cake and cheesecake
Sokolowski says her greatest challenge now is staffing
she hopes to find new team members who share her passion for authentic cooking and community
Graham joined the News 9 team in February of 2025
He is dedicated to sharing the diverse stories that have shaped his country and his community
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2025 at 5:03 AM EDTBookmarkSaveTakeaways NEWErste Group Bank AG agreed to buy much of Banco Santander SA’s operations in Poland for about €7 billion ($7.9 billion)
confirming a previous Bloomberg News report
at the Court of Justice of the European Union in Luxembourg
the European Prosecutors for Poland and Sweden gave the solemn undertaking to comply with the obligations arising from their duties
They were recently appointed to the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO) by the Council of the EU
following the decision of Poland and Sweden to join the EPPO
They are appointed for a non-renewable term of six years
The solemn undertaking was given by Ms Grażyna Stronikowska (Poland) and Mr Martin Bresman (Sweden)
In an address that followed the solemn undertaking
European Chief Prosecutor Laura Kӧvesi said:
‘This ceremony is about the enlargement of the EPPO zone
we are welcoming our new colleagues from Poland and Sweden
We have overcome initial scepticism of some
We have uncovered a new continent of crime
still understand that we are stronger together.’
The EPPO is the independent public prosecution office of the European Union
prosecuting and bringing to judgment crimes against the financial interests of the EU
BERLIN — Poland’s top diplomat in Berlin has criticized the incoming German government’s plans to tighten border controls just days before the new regime is set to take office
“The current controls at the German-Polish border are already a problem for daily border traffic and the functioning of the EU internal market,” Poland’s chief diplomat in Berlin, Jan Tombiński, told POLITICO’s Berlin Playbook
“We therefore do not want to see a tightening of border controls.”
The conservatives of chancellor-to-be Friedrich Merz and his Cabinet, who are set to take power in Berlin next Tuesday in a coalition government with the center-left Social Democratic Party, have long promised a tougher stance on migration in order to win back voters on the right. Merz vowed to introduce stricter border checks on his first day in office and to reject illegal crossings
“Anyone who tries to enter Germany illegally must expect to be stopped at the German border from May 6,” Thorsten Frei, the incoming head of the Chancellery, a powerful role akin to a chief of staff, reinforced earlier this week
When asked whether Poland would accept the return of asylum-seekers
Tombiński emphasized that Warsaw stands by its “obligations under EU legislation.” He explained that this includes the reform of the Common European Asylum System
countries may not reject asylum-seekers at their internal borders
A spokesperson for the Austrian interior ministry told POLITICO
“We are confident that the actions of the German authorities at the EU’s internal borders are in line with the legal system.” The spokesperson added: “The European Court of Justice has ruled that informal returns are not legally possible when an application for asylum is made.”
Merz — whose top campaign promises also included pledges to improve relations with Germany’s neighbors (including Poland)
and to take a more proactive position on the European stage — is set to travel to Warsaw on Wednesday
where he’ll have to defend his tough border policy
“Our aim is to achieve more at the European level, too. I am already holding talks with European partners on this,” Alexander Dobrindt, the incoming interior minister, said in an interview Thursday
but is too slow … We want to achieve more,” he added
In order to conduct stricter border controls without overburdening its work force, the German police would need at least 20,000 more staff members, according to the chief of the country’s police union
“We do not consider comprehensive controls and returns at German borders to be realistically feasible,” he added
in light of Germany’s 3,700-plus kilometers of borders
Paris and Berlin have been at loggerheads for years
Germany’s chancellor-designate is planning a European tour that could take him to Paris
Zelenskyy would like to meet leaders from the so-called coalition of the willing
Chancellor-in-waiting Friedrich Merz wants to subsidize German industry
Other European governments worry about unfair competition
May 2, 2025 | Featured, Politics
the presidential candidate supported by Poland’s national-conservative opposition Law and Justice (PiS) party
has met with President Donald Trump at the White House
The invitation has been hailed by PiS as evidence that Nawrocki is best placed to ensure Warsaw’s continued strong relations with Washington
some figures from Poland’s ruling coalition have criticised Trump for interfering in the election campaign
Great meeting with @POTUS. It was an honour to discuss the bright future of Poland-U.S. relations. https://t.co/FTM2Yrxgl6
— Karol Nawrocki (@NawrockiKn) May 2, 2025
Nawrocki’s team made the surprise announcement that the candidate would be visiting the White House to attend an event marking the National Day of Prayer
at which Trump gave an address to an audience gathered in the Rose Garden
Nawrocki was pictured speaking with senior US figures
there remained questions over whether he would meet with Trump himself
who has enjoyed strong relations with PiS in the past
the White House released photographs and a statement saying that Trump had welcomed Nawrocki to the Oval Office
Speaking later to Polish broadcaster Republika
Nawrocki said that Trump had told him “you will win” the Polish presidential election
the first round of which is taking place on 18 May
“I read that as a kind of wish for my success,” said Nawrocki
“You can see…from this conversation it was clear that this relationship is important to President Trump,” he added
with leading PiS politicians hailing his visit as evidence that Nawrocki is best placed to protect Poland’s relations with the US
“Karol Nawrocki is the only candidate who can guarantee Poland’s security and maintain strong alliances in difficult times
especially with the USA,” wrote Elżbieta Witek
Many PiS figures contrasted Nawrocki’s warm welcome at the White House with the fact that politicians associated with Poland’s current government have not been invited there
🇵🇱 Polska dzisiaj potrzebuje pewności, że przyszły Prezydent RP zadba o relacje polsko-amerykańskie, bowiem rząd polski na czele z Donaldem Tuskiem doprowadził te relacje do ciężkiej sytuacji – Karol Nawrocki w Waszyngtonie. #Nawrocki2025 pic.twitter.com/ml0Z1MC4Dp
— #Nawrocki2025 (@Nawrocki25) May 1, 2025
some politicians from the ruling coalition accused the US administration of interfering in Poland’s election campaign
“The attempt to influence the Polish presidential elections by the Trump team
shows their colonial attitude towards Poland,” tweeted Roman Giertych
“Instead of celebrating the anniversary of Poland’s accession to the EU and Labour Day [on 1 May] with his compatriots
[Nawrocki] preferred to fly [to the US] to rat on his own country and ask to be anointed by the most pro-Russian US president,” wrote Tomasz Trela
“Trump will not choose our president
just as he did not choose the prime minister of Canada,” added Trela
referring to this week’s Canadian elections in which the Liberal Party won on the back of promises to stand up to Trump
Zamiast świętować z rodakami rocznicę wejścia Polski do Unii i Święto Pracy
wolał lecieć donosić na własny kraj i prosić o namaszczenie najbardziej prorosyjskiego prezydenta USA
— Tomasz Trela (@poselTTrela) May 2, 2025
Throughout the presidential election campaign
the candidate of the centrist Civic Platform (PO)
Over the last month, however, Nawrocki has significantly cut his deficit to Trzaskowski
whom he now trails by only around four to six percentage points
If none of the 13 presidential candidates wins over 50% of the vote on 18 May – as seems almost certain – the top two will head into a second-round run-off on 1 June
Weekly average of support in polls for Poland’s main presidential candidates, compiled by eWybory.eu
PiS has enjoyed close relations with Trump ever since the period when both were in office between 2017 and 2021. Days before the 2020 presidential election, Trump also invited the PiS-backed candidate
Poland is now ruled by a more liberal coalition led by Prime Minister Donald Tusk
who has been openly critical of Trump in the past
Tusk and his government have sought to maintain strong relations with Washington since Trump’s return to the White House
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) May 1, 2025
Main image credit: WhiteHouse/X
Daniel Tilles is editor-in-chief of Notes from Poland
[email protected]
May 1, 2025 | Politics
has dramatically reduced the gap in polls to the main ruling party’s pick
What has gone wrong for the frontrunner – and right for his challenger
That placed him 12-14 percentage points ahead of his main rival
the candidate supported by the national-conservative Law and Justice (PiS)
the main question was not whether Nawrocki could challenge Trzaskowski for first place
but whether he could even hang on to second (and therefore a spot in the second-round run-off between the top two candidate) amid a strong challenge from Sławomir Mentzen of the far-right Confederation (Konfederacja)
Weekly average of support in polls for Poland’s main presidential candidates, compiled by eWybory.eu
But, as we wrote in our recent guide to the election
a lot could still change before election day on 18 May – and it has
Trzaskowski’s average support in polls had dropped to 32-33% while Nawrocki has risen to around 27-28%
meaning the gap between them has closed to just 4-6 percentage points
seemingly putting him out of the running for a spot in the run-off
While there are always many factors that influence candidates’ and parties’ waxing and waning popularity
four particular reasons appear to be behind the shift witnessed over the last month
It is likely no coincidence that Trzaskowski’s decline in the polls began around the time that he challenged Nawrocki to a one-on-one debate in early April – a decision that sparked a chaotic series of events
We have already reported on them in detail here
but the result was days of criticism of Trzaskowski for not inviting all his presidential rivals to the debate
That eventually led him to announce less than two hours before the debate was due to start that all candidates were welcome to attend
conservative broadcaster Republika had organised its own debate
to take place just before Trzaskowski’s and in the same town
Some of Poland's presidential candidates took part last night in one or both of two TV debates organised at the last minute in the same town
Right up until they began, it was not clear who would participate, resulting in a chaotic five hours of viewing https://t.co/i3SDC2Sm4L
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) April 12, 2025
The entire situation left Trzaskowski looking weak and indecisive
scrambling to respond to events rather than setting the agenda and appearing unwilling to take part in debates that were not under his control
That impression was reinforced when Trzaskowski skipped another debate organised by Republika a few days later that was attended by Nawrocki and most other candidates (one of whom mockingly placed a cardboard cutout of Trzaskowski on the stage)
all three debates – the two organised by Republika and Trzaskowski’s own one – saw his rivals focus their attacks on the frontrunner
further undermining his position (especially at the two that he did not attend
and was therefore unable to defend himself)
A fourth debate organised by newspaper Super Express and televised by leading broadcasters took place this week in which all 13 candidates took part
The effect of that event on the polls remains to be seen
When PiS chairman Jarosław Kaczyński made the rather left-field choice to back Nawrocki – the head of a state historical body who has never been a member of PiS and has never stood for public office – for the presidency
many believed he was hoping for a repeat of 2015
the PiS chairman picked another relative unknown
Duda trailed his PO-backed rival – the incumbent president
Bronisław Komorowski – in the polls before finally snatching a dramatic victory
Trzaskowski is not the incumbent (Duda still is)
the mayor of Warsaw and one of the best-known faces on the political scene
has had to introduce himself to voters – when he first announced his candidacy in November
one poll showed that 46% of the public did not even know who he was (compared to 2% for Trzaskowski) – and learn on the job how to run a campaign
his decision to appear at all three debates earlier this month – at which he performed strongly – allowed him to present himself to millions of Poles
helping him seize on Trzaskowski’s slip-ups over the last few weeks
Nawrocki’s rise has coincided with Mentzen’s collapse
with some right-wing voters switching support from one candidate to the other
Mentzen likely suffered from skipping both of the first two debates (he argued that he did not want to take part in the “circus” caused by Trzaskowski’s decisions)
Far-right candidate @SlawomirMentzen's rise in the polls has turned Poland's presidential election into a three-horse race
Mentzen has managed to detoxify his party and has benefited from other candidates mainstreaming its positions, writes @danieltilles1 https://t.co/Ql9LihJ7tu
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) February 28, 2025
One reason behind that may be that the initial appeal of Confederation as an alternative to the dominance of PO and PiS – who have led every Polish government since 2005 – diminishes once there is closer scrutiny of its policies
In this particular campaign, Mentzen’s confirmation in late March that he wants all university students to pay tuition fees (currently most study for free) probably had a negative effect
particularly as his supporters are disproportionately young Poles
Other candidates drawing attention to Mentzen’s hardline anti-abortion views (he opposes allowing pregnancies to be terminated even in cases of rape) also may have harmed him
Trzaskowski – an urban liberal with an elitist reputation – is not an ideal candidate for those circumstances. He has certainly talked tough on migration and security (even undertaking military training during the campaign)
while also seeking to balance his natural pro-EU inclinations with the need to remain on good terms with Trump
Poland’s interior minister and the mayor of Warsaw – who is also the main ruling party's presidential candidate – have declared “zero tolerance” for crimes committed by immigrants
They say foreigners made up 5% of suspected criminals detained last year https://t.co/wnCZqgCsZW
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) February 11, 2025
But that image always felt rather shallow and fragile – open to challenge by a rival who can more plausibly present himself as the tough guy Poland needs to guide it through these difficult times
His campaign regularly shares images of him training in the gym
He has proudly highlighted the fact that he is on a list of those wanted by the Russian authorities due to leading a campaign while head of the state Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) to demolish Soviet-era memorials in Poland
👉trening piramida,👉Światowy Dzień Kociewia w Starogardzie Gdańskim i Tczewie
Zachęcam do treningu #piramida.🕐W 23 minuty:55 x klatka 90 kg55 x martwy ciąg 90 kg55 x pompki55 x podciąganie55 x… pic.twitter.com/UsdSCb61mJ
— Karol Nawrocki (@NawrockiKn) February 11, 2025
Sikorski would certainly have come with a lot of negative baggage
and may have performed no better overall than Trzaskowski
But he seems better suited to the kind of campaign that has emerged
He himself appeared to stick the boot into Trzaskowski last month
he would have attended the debates organised by Republika because “appearing on right-wing TV would be rather useful”
Whereas Trzaskowski is not a natural speaker and debater
Sikorski thrives on the confrontational cut-and-thrust of campaigning
"I advise President Duda against volunteering to be the Chamberlain of this war," said Poland's foreign minister @sikorskiradek after the president called on Ukraine to "make compromises" in order to achieve peace with Russia https://t.co/qQsGFSnEL3
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) April 25, 2025
It is important to remember that, although Nawrocki has risen rapidly in the polls, a) he remains behind Trzaskowski in the contest for the first round, and b) polling for a likely second-round run-off between the two consistently shows Trzaskowski beating his rival (though far fewer such polls have been conducted than for the first round)
remains the favourite to become Poland’s next president
But momentum can be a powerful thing in election campaigns
as Duda showed in 2015 with his late charge to the presidency
And that momentum is certainly with Nawrocki at the moment
Main image credit: Silar/Wikimedia Commons (under CC BY-SA 4.0)
Insights, Law, Politics
History, Insights, Society
Insights, Politics
[email protected]
May 5, 2025 | History, Society
The town of Międzyzdroje has broken the record for the largest-ever Polish coat of arms in an event held to mark the anniversary of the adoption of Poland’s 1791 constitution
which was Europe’s first modern constitution and the second in the world (after only the US constitution)
The 1,200 square metre (12,917 square foot) national symbol
a popular holiday destination on Poland’s northern Baltic Sea coast
which has been confirmed as the largest ever by Poland’s Bureau of Records
was initiated by the town’s International House of Culture (MDK)
scout groups and sports clubs in the project
Międzyzdroje once again turned out to be an absolutely unique place on the map of the Polish coast,” wrote mayor Mateusz Bobek on social media
the town also broke the record for the longest-ever Polish flag
The event took place on 3 May, which is a public holiday in Poland marking the anniversary of the adoption of the 1791 constitution. The document, adopted by the parliament of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
is regarded as significant in both Polish and European history
It established a constitutional monarchy with a balance of power between various branches of government and more clearly defined rights for various categories of citizens
It also abolished the controversial principle known as liberum veto that allowed any member of parliament to single-handedly end the current session and nullify all legislation that had been passed
The principle was used to paralyse parliamentary proceedings and stifle reforms
with foreign powers bribing MPs to influence the country’s internal politics
The liberum veto principle is considered to be one of the main reasons for the decline of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
My new Poland history podcast is here! This week, the end of independence in the eighteenth century: anarchy in the Sejm, Enlightenment, reform, Kościuszko, May 3 Constitution, Hasidic Judaism, confederations, Catherine and Frederick, and the partitions. https://t.co/5B6gcZ6GBD
— Stanley Bill (@StanleySBill) May 1, 2021
However, the 1791 constitution remained in force for less than two years amid aggression from Poland’s neighbours, Prussia and Russia, that resulted in the partitions of 1793 and 1795 that ended the country’s sovereign existence
The eagle has been a symbol of Poland since the reign of Bolesław the Brave
The current coat of arms was adopted in 1928
when Poland came under Soviet-imposed communist rule
the crown on the eagle’s head was removed for ideological reasons
It was restored after the fall of communism in 1989
Main image credit: Burmistrz Międzyzdrojów – Mateusz Bobek/Facebook
Business, News, Society
Poland has recorded the strongest rise in consumer sentiment across the EU this year
[email protected]
The IX Congress of the Association of Ukrainians in Poland (AUP) was held on May 2
during which Miroslaw Skorka was re-elected as chair
was elected deputy-chairman of the organization
Ukrainian World Congress President Paul Grod congratulated the AUP on the congress and Miroslaw Skorka on his re-election
Grod said that the AUP is “the heart of Ukrainian community life in Poland,” and “one of the UWC’s most active and reliable members.”
He added: “The AUP has carried out extraordinary efforts to assist Ukrainian refugees since Russia’s genocidal war against Ukraine began
hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians have found safety
Skorka addresses the audience at the congress
The UWC President also praised the AUP’s “inspired efforts in supporting and developing Ukrainian education
youth and cultural-educational initiatives
as well as integrating newly established community organizations.”
“The AUP has truly emerged as a leader in comprehensive support for Ukraine
[…] Special thanks to AUP Chair Miroslaw Skorka and the entire board for your wise and effective leadership
The congress was held in Przemyśl at the Ukrainian Narodnyi Dim
where delegates from AUP branches across Poland gathered
Honorary Consul of Ukraine in Przemyśl; Jerzy Rejt
the first AUP Chair; former Chair Piotr Tyma; Ihor Mrychko
head of the Scout movement in Poland; and Hryhoriy Kupriyanovych
The congress opened with a minute of silence to honor the fallen defenders of Ukraine
The first part of the meeting featured reports from the AUP chair
followed by discussions on the organization’s achievements during the previous term
participants discussed “Ukrainian Citizens in AUP: Roles
Challenges.” Changes were made to the organization’s statute as a result of this discussion
The first day of the congress concluded with a ceremonial dinner
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FB: @uwcongress
[W]hile Poland has the sovereign power to control its borders and regulate the entry of non-nationals
universal and non-derogable nature of the principle of non-refoulement
UNHCR is concerned that the Bill may provide for the denial of access to the territory of some asylum-seekers without a prior examination of their international protection needs
which would be inconsistent with Poland’s obligations under the [UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees]
The principle of non-refoulement establishes that “refugees must not be removed to their country of origin
or any other place where they would be at risk of persecution
or from where they risk being sent to a place of persecution.” AI pointed out concerns about Poland’s ability to adequately conduct assessments of migrants’ circumstances as such assessments require specially trained personnel and time
and consequently Poland’s ability to uphold its international obligations
Any limitation upon the exercise of constitutional freedoms and rights may be imposed only by statute
and only when necessary in a democratic state for the protection of its security or public order
or the freedoms and rights of other persons
Such limitations shall not violate the essence of freedoms and rights
AI also highlighted similar concerns expressed by public institutions in Poland about the constitutionality of the new legislation suspending asylum rights
and urged Polish authorities to repeal the law and refrain from unlawful border control practices such as pushbacks and collective expulsions
AI also called on the European Commission to review and assess Poland’s compliance with EU law and to launch appropriate infringement proceedings against Poland for “its longstanding violations of the rights of refugees and migrants.”
Bank of England granted political independence
Chinese Exclusion Act barred Chinese laborers from US
Darius von Guttner Sporzynski receives funding from the National Science Centre
Poland as a partner investigator in the grant "Polish queen consorts in the 15th and 16th centuries as wives and mothers" (2021/43/B/HS3/01490)
Australian Catholic University provides funding as a member of The Conversation AU
View all partners
Anna Jagiellon was elected Queen of Poland in 1575
While many women rose to power by birth or marriage
Anna was actually chosen by nobles to rule
Today, female world leaders are still rare. According to recent data, only about one in four national parliament members globally are women: 27.2% of parliamentarians in single or lower houses
in 25 countries women serve as heads of state or government
That number has improved over the past few decades
but men continue to dominate elected office
shows a woman could secure power through a vote
even in an era when female rulers were nearly unheard of
Anna was born in 1523. Her father was King Sigismund the Elder and her mother was Queen Bona Sforza
The family, the Jagiellon dynasty, ruled a vast realm of Poland and Lithuania. Her brother, King Sigismund II Augustus
Anna became the only living member of that royal line residing in Poland
The nobility of the Jagiellon realm decided to elect their monarch, as Sigismund II Augustus did not have a son to inherit the throne. In May 1573, 22-year-old Henry Valois of France was elected king
His reign did not last much more than a year
Henry returned to France to become Henry III
Anna had once been on the sidelines of court life
Perhaps she was overshadowed by her powerful mother and siblings
Yet after her brother’s death and Henry’s abandonment of the Polish throne
In the time when the throne was vacant, Anna became an important figure in deciding who would rule next. Many people viewed her as a political pawn, but she aimed to protect her family’s legacy
She made bold moves to shape alliances and ensure she herself would not be pushed aside
a group of nobles and officials assembled to pick the next monarch
This was the second time in Poland–Lithuania royal elections were held
instead of the throne passing down the dynasty line
Standing for royal election was unusual among women in the 16th century
At that gathering, the electors did something almost unheard of in Europe: they chose a woman, Anna, to wear the crown. They also selected a husband for her, a man named Stephen Báthory
Yet Anna was crowned as a queen in her own right, not just as a wife of a king. She signed laws, granted privileges and held ceremonies that emphasised her royal power. Some historians once doubted her independence, but newer research points out her keen political sense
Anna invested her own money and energy to defend her inheritance from foreign claimants
She made deals to secure alliances and pushed hard to protect her family’s interests
sealed her reputation as a serious political player
Anna’s rule broke with expectations of her era. Like Mary I
the first queen to rule England in her own right (1553–58) and her successor Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
she stepped into a job usually held by men
She faced scepticism and criticism, often based on stereotypes about her age, her fertility or her ability to manage power. Some described her as emotional and unfit to lead. Others cast her as incapable because she had spent so long as a single woman
Despite these biases, Anna went on to promote her family’s legacy. She commissioned a funerary monument for her mother in the Basilica of San Nicola in Bari and completed the Jagiellon chapel at Wawel Castle in which her father
She arranged key alliances and rewarded those who remained loyal
She also supported religious and cultural projects
building on the traditions of her royal parents
she showed a queen could manage statecraft and political negotiations
Women in leadership continue to face hurdles in modern elections
Many still question their abilities or focus on their appearance
Others highlight social structures that limit women’s options
Her success in a challenging environment underlines two major lessons
women have long claimed a rightful place in government
Anna achieved electoral victory and took an active role in shaping policy
proving her ability to steer the political landscape
Anna Jagiellon’s tale broadens our view of female leadership
Her life reminds us that a woman could win a political contest centuries ago
It proves there is nothing new about women excelling in positions of power
An official website of the United States government
Secretary of Energy Chris Wright oversaw the signing of the Engineering Development Agreement with U.S
companies Westinghouse and Bechtel and Polish Company PEJ at the Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland today
This agreement is also a significant milestone for the U.S.-Poland strategic relationship and underscores the commitment of the United States to work with Poland and other partners in the region to advance global energy security. The cooperation between the two countries will strengthen U.S. leadership in Europe and bolster America’s position as a secure and reliable provider of civil nuclear energy.
Apr 30, 2025 | Defence, Politics
Poland’s defence ministry has announced that the country and its allies will respond in an “appropriate manner” to upcoming joint Russian-Belarusian military exercises in Belarus
Russia holds its “Zapad” (meaning “West”) military exercises
held jointly with Belarus in 2021 and involving around 200,000 military personnel
were later seen by experts as part of Moscow’s preparations for its invasion of Ukraine the following year
This year’s exercises will take place in September in Belarus
and will include the training of rapid reaction forces
Ukrainian President Volodymr Zelensky warned that this year’s Zapad manoeuvres could again be used as preparation for “new attacks” by Russia
But we all have to be prepared,” he said
⚡️ Zelensky warns Russia is 'preparing something' in Belarus under guise of military drills
"This is how its new attacks usually start," President Volodymyr Zelensky said.https://t.co/oIh49856Kp
— The Kyiv Independent (@KyivIndependent) April 30, 2025
“Poland will respond to the Zapad 2025 exercises
which will be held in Belarus…in an appropriate manner on the Polish side [of the border],” Polish deputy defence minister Cezary Tomczyk told broadcaster RMF on Monday
“We will respond to these exercises both as the Polish army and as NATO,” he added
“There will be large Polish and NATO exercises in Poland
“Let us also remember that last year we had the largest NATO exercises in history
which gathered about 100,000 soldiers,” said Tomczyk
“NATO is stronger than Russia.”
— RozmowaRMF (@Rozmowa_RMF) April 28, 2025
The Steadfast Defender 24 exercises mentioned by Tomczyk were NATO’s largest since the Cold War
Part of them were conducted in northern Poland under a drill dubbed Dragon 24. Around 20,000 troops from nine countries tested the alliance’s deterrence and defence capabilities, including around the Suwałki Gap
Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Poland has raised its defence spending to the highest relative level in NATO
Its defence budget this year will reach an estimated 4.7% of GDP
This is a final appeal for our emergency campaign to save Notes from Poland
we may lose the major grant that sustains our work
If you value the service we provide, please click below and make a donation to help it continue https://t.co/0gVkMlaA0W
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) April 22, 2025
Agata Pyka is an assistant editor at Notes from Poland
She is a journalist and a political communication student at the University of Amsterdam
She specialises in Polish and European politics as well as investigative journalism and has previously written for Euractiv and The European Correspondent
Business, News, Politics
Karol Nawrocki even suggested that the state security services were involved in creating the scandal
History, News, Society
The 1,200 square metre national symbol was unfurled on the beach in Międzyzdroje
Apr 25, 2025 | History, Hot news, News, Politics, Society
Among the participants in the march were not only elderly Holocaust survivors but also former Hamas hostages
[email protected]
Poland told the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on Thursday that Israel is legally obligated to lift any blockade preventing the delivery of humanitarian aid to Gaza
calling it "unacceptable" that people are dying while food
and vital medical supplies are held at the border
"It is unimaginable that these basic rules are still violated," said Patrycja Grzebyk
"The situation where people die because at the border
and vital medical equipment has stopped cannot be accepted ..
Grzebyk also stressed that hospitals must be respected as sanctuaries in wartime
humanitarian workers and supplies must be protected
and all attacks on them must be investigated
Poland also emphasized that any blockade that delays or obstructs humanitarian assistance is incompatible with international humanitarian law
"Any arbitrary blockade can be understood as an obstruction that is unreasonable
or otherwise inappropriate," Lukasz Kulaga
reaffirmed Warsaw's longstanding position supporting a two-state solution as the only path to guarantee Palestinian self-determination and Israel’s security
While recognizing Israel's right to self-defense
he said this must be exercised strictly within the bounds of international law
Poland called on the court to uphold these fundamental legal principles to ensure that humanitarian relief reaches civilians without delay and that the suffering in Gaza does not continue unchecked
blocking essential supplies from entering the enclave despite multiple reports of famine in the war-devastated territory
The Israeli army renewed its assault on Gaza on March 18
19 ceasefire and prisoner exchange agreement with the Palestinian resistance group Hamas
More than 52,400 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza in a brutal Israeli onslaught since October 2023
arrested in Greece on an international warrant for a murder in his home town of Mlawa
is seen in a police vehicle after making a court appearance in Thessaloniki
Greece — A 17-year-old Polish high school student appeared in a Greek court on Monday after being arrested over the killing of a 16-year-old girl in Poland
who was in Greece as part of a school exchange program
refused a voluntary extradition request during his court appearance in the northern city of Thessaloniki
He was taken into police custody pending a decision on extradition by a panel of judges
Polish police discovered the victim’s body on May 1 in shrubbery near railroad tracks in Mlawa
ending a weeklong search that began after she went missing on April 23
The search operation involved drones and scent-tracking dogs
The girl had told her mother she was meeting a friend who lived on a nearby street before she disappeared
police spokeswoman Katarzyna Kucharska said
“We considered various scenarios — including the worst and most tragic possibility
that’s the one that turned out to be true,” Kucharska said
when a search-and-recovery dog led us to the location where officers discovered the body.”
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the 17-year-old suspect could face murder charges involving excessive brutality under Polish law
Authorities in Poland have launched formal extradition proceedings to bring the suspect back to face charges
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Net profit for the period increased 13% to 1.05 billion zlotys ($278.40 million) from a year earlier, the company said on Monday.
Analysts polled by Reuters expected quarterly net profit at 1.02 billion zlotys.
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) rose to 1.94 billion zlotys, with the mining segment contributing 389 million zlotys and the distribution segment 744 million zlotys.
Enea said higher mining EBITDA resulted from higher revenues achieved thanks to higher coal sales volumes despite lower average sale price.
Enea, Poland's third-largest power utility by market capitalization, is under pressure from falling profitability in its coal-fired power generation fleet, as renewables capture an increasing share of the nation's energy mix.
Poland is reducing its reliance on coal, which accounted for about 57.1% of its electricity generation in 2024, according to energy policy think tank Forum Energii.
The utility is scheduled to release its full first-quarter results on May 20.
Copyright © 2025 FactSet Research Systems Inc.© 2025 TradingView
The Netherlands and Poland will strengthen their military cooperation through a new agreement set to be signed in early July in Warsaw, Dutch Prime Minister Dick Schoof and his Polish counterpart Donald Tusk announced Monday, de Gelderlander reported.
The two leaders made the announcement during a joint press conference in Oosterbeek
Although the full content of the agreement has not yet been disclosed
both governments confirmed their ministries of defense are actively working out the details
“Our cooperation is actually progressing very naturally,” Schoof said
He emphasized that it was essential to further develop European military collaboration
“It is important to shape the defense cooperation we seek—whether it's about training or the defense industry—within Europe,” he added
The military partnership comes amid increasing concerns over Russian aggression and growing uncertainty about the future presence of U.S
Poland has been reinforcing its defense ties with multiple European countries
Tusk is scheduled to sign a similar far-reaching military and economic cooperation agreement with France
Schoof praised Poland’s leadership in driving defense collaboration within the European Union
“The Netherlands appreciates the leading role Poland is playing in strengthening European defense,” he said
Poland has “really put that discussion on the map” since taking over the rotating EU presidency on January 1
Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine three years ago
the Polish government has significantly increased its defense spending
Poland is currently allocating 4.7 percent of its gross domestic product to defense
the highest level among NATO member states
Polish Defense Minister Wladyslaw Kosiniak-Kamysz stated in early April that Warsaw intends to raise that figure to 5 percent next year
the Dutch cabinet under Prime Minister Schoof currently spends just 2 percent of GDP on its Ministry of Defense
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Europe's water is under increasing pressure
floods are taking their toll on our drinking water
Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters
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Hailstones as large as eggs were reported in several areas
The worst of the weather struck the regions of Małopolska
where residents witnessed sudden downpours and hailstorms
leaving parts of the district without electricity
with windows shattered and roofs torn from at least six houses
Firefighters worked late into the night to deal with the aftermath
Apr 29, 2025 | Business, Society
Poland’s government has announced that it will launch a shorter working week pilot programme
Poles on average currently work some of the longest hours in Europe
“This will be the first pilot of reduced working hours in this part of Europe
the first such large-scale pilot in Poland,” said Agnieszka Dziemianowicz-Bąk
“More than a century after the introduction of the eight-hour working day
Poles are definitely working more efficiently
It is time for them to start working less,” she added
Polskie społeczeństwo pracuje ciężko. Jesteśmy w europejskiej czołówce pod kątem godzin spędzanych w pracy. Czy da się to zmienić? 🤔👉 Kraje takie jak Francja, Belgia i Dania pokazują, że tak – jest to możliwe. Jako Ministerstwo Rodziny, Pracy i Polityki Społecznej wierzymy, że… pic.twitter.com/APlarOaL6u
— Ministerstwo Rodziny, Pracy i Polityki Społecznej (@MRPiPS_GOV__PL) April 28, 2025
foundations and trade unions to voluntarily test a shorter working week by either reducing working hours each day
participating organisations will have to maintain current salaries and staff numbers
The ministry plans to present more details in June and launch recruitment for the pilot in the subsequent months
10 million zloty (€2.3 million) will be allocated toward implementing and executing the programme
the ministry highlighted that Poland is among the most over-worked nations in Europe
Poles work the third-longest hours in the European Union
those employed in Poland worked on average 39.3 hours a week
and behind only those in Greece and Romania
who worked on average 39.8 and 39.5 hours a week respectively
The ministry’s goal is to reduce annual working hours by 20%
It said that its analyses of a shorter working week point to benefits for employees such as better health
opportunities for personal development and longer-lasting professional careers
employers benefit from employees’ increased efficiency and creativity
and greater competitiveness on the labour market
The ministry also cited two examples of the successful implementation of a shorter working week in Poland – in the city of Włocławek in central Poland and in one of the country’s oldest firms
Poles work the second-longest hours in the EU, new @EU_Eurostat data show
In 2022, they worked on average 40.4 hours a week compared to the EU-wide figure of 37.5 hours and behind only Greece (41 hours) https://t.co/dXTDGdg0O3
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) September 22, 2023
Speaking at the announcement, Krzysztof Kukucki, the mayor of Włocławek, explained that a shorter working week was first trialled in the town hall before later being expanded to other public institutions
Currently “several thousand people enjoy the benefits of the 35-hour working week,” he said
Meanwhile, Herbapol Poznań first introduced a four-day working week in 2023
“The principle we followed was: the employee can only gain from this change
and the company cannot lose,” explained Tomasz Kaczmarek
president of the company’s management board
While at first Herbapol’s decision was met with criticism and scepticism
and the company’s best financial results in many years
the Polish economy certainly cannot afford it
We are in a phase when labour resources are shrinking very rapidly due to the demographic crisis,” said Rafał Dutkiewicz
Main image credit: Poland’s ministry of family, labour and social policy
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An update from Erste Group Bank ( (EBKOF) ) is now available
Erste Group Bank AG has announced its acquisition of a 49% controlling stake in Santander Bank Polska and a 50% stake in Santander TFI
positioning itself as the third-largest bank in Poland
This strategic move enhances Erste Group’s presence in the fast-growing CEE banking market
promising significant improvements in profitability and growth
with the transaction fully funded through internal resources and expected to boost earnings per share by over 20% by 2026
Erste Group Bank AG is a leading financial services provider in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)
offering a range of banking products and services
The company focuses on expanding its footprint in the CEE region
which is known for its rapid economic growth and profitability in the banking sector
For a thorough assessment of EBKOF stock, go to TipRanks’ Stock Analysis page
Disclaimer & DisclosureReport an Issue
An update from Erste Group Bank ( (EBKOF) ) is now available
Disclaimer & DisclosureReport an Issue
previously a subsidiary of the Spanish Banco Santander
is the third-largest bank in the country with around 7.5 million customers
It achieved record profits in 2024 and its shares rose to an all-time high at times
Erste Group is entering a market that not only has strong economic fundamentals but also long-term growth prospects
Poland has been regarded as the economic engine of the region for years and has a stable banking system with a high demand for credit and digital innovation
The acquisition of a 49% stake—equivalent to a controlling influence due to full consolidation—enables Erste Group to enter the market with immediate effect
The agreement also includes Banco Santander acquiring 60% of Santander Consumer Bank prior to closing
a seller's liability for certain risks was agreed upon
whereby Erste Group can partially hedge against potential special effects
Financing from own resources - clear capital strategy
The acquisition will be financed entirely from Erste Group's own funds
This is made possible by the cancellation of a planned share buyback program with a volume of EUR 700 million
a temporary reduction of the dividend payout ratio to a maximum of ten percent for the financial year 2025 as well as internal efficiency and balance sheet optimization measures
The bank's common equity tier 1 ratio (CET1) should remain above 13.5% after the transaction is completed and rise above 14.25% again in 2026 - this corresponds to the new target ratio
According to the bank's internal calculations
earnings per share will increase by over 20 percent in 2026 compared to current market expectations (EUR 7.10 per share)
The return on equity (ROE) is expected to be around 16% in 2026
while the adjusted return on equity (ROTE) is even expected to be around 19%
The expected return on investment (ROI) is around 11% - a figure that is also impressive in comparison to alternative uses of capital
Cooperation with Banco Santander and market reactions
a strategic cooperation with Banco Santander was agreed
This includes the areas of corporate and investment banking as well as payment transactions
The partner banks intend to bundle their respective strengths - Erste Group in Central and Eastern Europe
The cooperation is intended to open up new customer potential and access to local networks for both groups
The stock market reacted to the announcement with optimism: Erste Group shares rose by more than six percent during the course of the day
the shares of Santander Bank Polska lost around five percent in value
which is seen as a typical reaction to changes of control and strategic restructuring
Analysts see the transaction as a substantial upgrade of Erste Group's business model and praise the consistent implementation of the regional growth strategy
Erste Group is continuing its long-term strategy of establishing itself in the most profitable markets in Europe
The acquisition marks a milestone in the Austrian banking group's expansion policy and underlines its claim to leadership in the Central and Eastern European banking sector
ERSTE Group
Santander Polska
At the start of the day, there were three players in the lead: Fedoseev, Aravindh, and GM Alireza Firouzja
Both Aravindh and Firouzja slid down the standings
Superbet Rapid & Blitz Poland Standings After Blitz Day 1
it seemed that Fedoseev won them all on Tuesday
He made the most of his opportunities and he slipped out of some very difficult spots as well
it was such a wild day when in most of the games all kinds of results were possible
It's probably my best day of blitz at the end
The one against Praggnanandhaa was a miracle save from a piece-down endgame
while he could even have won the last game against Firouzja
The Russian-born Slovenian GM had plenty of help, it can't be denied. In round two, Aravindh over-pressed in an opposite-color bishop endgame with queens on, rather than trade queens for a safe draw. GM Peter Svidler said of the late-blooming Indian GM's overoptimism: "I think experience will teach him not to do these things."
But the game against GM Jan-Krzysztof Duda was an even bigger gift
who mentioned "If I was younger I think I would have won the first four games," gave himself some false praise for the following game: "I had to show some really special talent to lose that game
I had to show some really special talent to lose that game
Fedoseev created his chances with the desperate
Fedoseev hasn't lost a single one of his 18 games in Warsaw. If there's one he came closest to losing on Tuesday, it's the one against Praggnanandhaa. Though, as GM Yasser Seirawan pointed out in the time scramble: "I think both players had four chances of winning this game."
and ultimately it was Praggnanadhaa who had to hold a pawn-down rook endgame to draw the game
"We had some really dramatic game with some really low quality of play
The same cannot be said of the quality in his interesting battle against Aronian in the penultimate round, in a Petroff that got funky real quick. By this point, Aronian was his closest trailer, though still behind by three points. Fedoseev's ability to set practical issues for his opponents from an inferior position was on full display in this one. GM Dejan Bojkov annotates the Game of the Day below
Fedoseev can't really ask for more ahead of the final day
but he said he's famous for losing important games at the end of tournaments
How will he handle the most crucial games tomorrow
Praggnanandhaa started the day with two back-to-back losses, but in his interview he pointed out that this isn't such a big deal in speed chess events. "It's a long event and you just have to keep going," said the Indian GM, reminding us that in Tata Steel Chess India 2024 he started with three losses
"so all these streaks are possible in these events."
Game two, which he lost against Aronian, showed that Fedoseev wasn't the only one who got away with dubious play in the blitz. GM Maurice Ashley pointed out a nice line
that would have punished Black's "loosey-goosey" opening play
The Armenian-American got away with it this time
Vachier-Lagrave only made one draw on Tuesday, against Aravindh in the last round. Besides that, he also started with two losses but went on to win five games (and lose one more against Praggnanandhaa). His win against GM David Gavrilescu was the start of a four-game winning streak
even though it should not have been a winning move
Ashley found a hidden gem in the game Firouzja vs
Vachier-Lagrave in round eight that just has to be shown
Vachier-Lagrave had to find the only winning (and only non-losing move) 29...Bxd4
with the incredible follow-up of 30.Qxd4 Ne4!!
that tactic had little to do with the result
as Firouzja achieved a winning position but went on to lose after many see-saws in evaluation
"Things started to go my way in these tense fights," giving the above game as an example of one he should have lost
"Somehow when you get into some sort of flow in blitz it's helpful."
Firouzja and Aravindh still have scores decent enough to put them in contention for second (and
But they're bolstered by their performances in the rapid
Across nine rounds, Aravindh scored just 3.5 points, and Firouzja 3 (the same as GM Veselin Topalov)
There's one more day and nine more rounds of blitz before we have a winner
"There's a huge pack fighting for second place and I'm glad to be part of it after what looked to be a very bad day at the office."
The 2025 Superbet Rapid & Blitz Poland is the first event on the 2025 Grand Chess Tour and runs April 26-30 in the POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews in Warsaw
The 10 players first compete in a single rapid round-robin with a time control of 25 minutes plus a 10-second increment per move
followed by a blitz double round-robin with a 5+2 time control
Apr 27, 2025 | Law, Politics, Society
The last local authority in Poland to still have an anti-LGBT+ resolution in place has repealed the measure
around one third of the country’s area was covered by such resolutions
in large part due to the threat of losing European funds
The “Atlas of Hate” showing local authorities in Poland that have active anti-LGBT resolutions (in red) and those that have rejected or withdrawn them (in green)
Areas in yellow show where lobbying for such resolutions has taken place
councillors in the county of Łańcut in southeast Poland held an extraordinary session with just one item on the agenda: whether to retain or repeal a so-called “charter of family rights” they had adopted in 2019
A majority of 13 out of the 18 council members voted to repeal it
In a statement issued afterwards
the local authorities made clear that the decision had been made for financial reasons: due to the charter being in place
the county’s only medical centre is set to miss out on 750,000 zloty (€175,600) in EU funds
“The [council] is of the view that the over 80,000-strong community of Łańcut county cannot be deprived of benefits resulting from participation in many programmes and grants,” they wrote
Their decision “is therefore aimed solely at preventing the exclusion of residents of Łańcut county”
over 100 local authorities around Poland adopted anti-LGBT+ resolutions
Some specifically declared their regions to be “free from LGBT ideology”
but most were the so-called “charters of family rights”
which do not mention the term “LGBT” specifically
Instead, they express support for marriage as being exclusively between a man and a woman and pledge to “protect children from moral corruption” (language often used as part of anti-LGBT rhetoric)
After repealing its charter of family rights
Łańcut council maintained that it had “not contained any provisions discriminating against any group of people or individuals”
It hit out at the “aggressive” and “unfair” criticism the resolution had faced
“It shows that the people or groups criticising the resolution in question probably did not even familiarise themselves with its entire contents,” wrote the local authority
A local authority that was the first of many in Poland to adopt a resolution declaring itself “free from LGBT ideology” has now voted to withdraw the measure
It did so under the threat of losing millions in EU funding over the issue https://t.co/kNP4jaSlhm
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) November 2, 2023
the LGBT rights activists behind the creation of an online “Atlas of Hate” that has mapped Poland’s anti-LGBT resolutions told broadcaster TVN of their “relief and satisfaction” at Łańcut’s decision
“Thanks to the efforts of many people
over a hundred discriminatory anti-LGBT resolutions and family charters have disappeared from Poland,” said Paulina Pająk
“These resolutions were an extreme manifestation of systemic discrimination against LGBTQ+ people.”
“I am very glad that this stage is coming to an end,” added Jakub Gawron
“But that does not change the fact that these resolutions should not have been passed at all.”
Gawron also noted the important role the EU had played in bringing about the repeal of all the resolutions by prohibiting financing of projects involving local authorities that adopt discriminatory resolutions
Uchwała SKPR powiatu łańcuckiego została uchylona
Na bloga puściliśmy podsumowanie historii stref i Atlasu Nienawiści
Uprzedzam – komunikat jest długi, bo dużo się działo przez te 6 lat 📷https://t.co/eJFSjpusIj pic.twitter.com/sTFn6Xf2Zi
— Atlas Nienawiści | Atlas of Hate ✨🦋| 🇺🇦🏳️🌈 (@AtlasNienawisci) April 24, 2025
In July 2021, the European Commission launched legal proceedings against Poland due to its anti-LGBT resolutions
which it argued “may violate EU law regarding non-discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation”
Soon after, Brussels “put on hold” funding for Polish regions that had passed such resolutions
who were informed that “declaring LGBTIQ-free/unwelcome territories…constitutes an action that is against the values set out in the Treaty on European Union”
The EEA and Norway Grants programme, which is separate from the EU and provides funds to Polish local authorities, also announced that it would not finance projects run by places that have passed anti-LGBT+ resolutions
Poland has been ranked as the worst country in the EU for LGBT+ people for the fifth year in a row https://t.co/5ciljeroir
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) May 15, 2024
Most of the resolutions were passed with the support of the national-conservative Law and Justice (PiS) party
which led Poland’s national government at the time
During PiS’s time in power, it led a vociferous campaign against what it called “LGBT ideology” and “gender ideology”. As a result, Poland slid to be ranked as the worst country in the EU for LGBT+ people
President Duda has not signed into law a government bill criminalising anti-LGBT+ hate speech
Instead, he has sent it to the constitutional court for consideration, saying he has concerns it violates the right to free speech enshrined in the constitution https://t.co/jLHQvlCtup
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) April 17, 2025
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GM Vladimir Fedoseev has won the 2025 Superbet Rapid & Blitz Poland with three rounds to spare and ultimately finished with 26.5 points
one of the highest scores ever in Grand Chess Tour rapid and blitz events
The Superbet Chess Classic Romania 2025
the first classical event of this year's Grand Chess Tour
Fedoseev handily won the tournament with a five-point gap ahead of GM Maxime Vachier-Lagrave. In third, GM Praggnanandhaa Rameshbabu leapfrogged GM Levon Aronian with a black win in the final round.
(See all standings here.)
players vie for GCT points and Vachier-Lagrave now leads with 10
Players with zero points didn't participate in this first event. We will see the rest of the Grand Chess Tour participants, including World Champion Gukesh Dommaraju
Fedoseev went far above expectations as the wildcard in this world-class event. He put up one of the best performances ever in 10 years at Grand Chess Tour rapid and blitz. Unsurprisingly, GMs Magnus Carlsen's name comes up a few times in the records from previous years
Highest Ever Scores In Grand Chess Tour R&B
The Russian-born Slovenian GM gains 71 rating points in blitz and jumps to world number-13 on the live rating list
That's 23 places up from where he was five days ago
At the same time sometimes you can't believe it's happening with you
As a wildcard, he isn't scheduled to participate in other Grand Chess Tour events this year. But in terms of goals for the future, he said he would like to play in more tournaments with elites such as (he named these three) Carlsen, Ian Nepomniachtchi, and Fabiano Caruana
"Since 2014 I was seen as a player who could make it to the elite group
The main question was whether Fedoseev could hold onto his 3.5-point lead from the day before
He said he was lucky the previous day, and his luck carried over to game one against Vachier-Lagrave, where he won yet another lost position ("Picking up where he left off," said GM Yasser Seirawan)
After a completely unsound sacrifice by Fedoseev
the French number-two gave the wrong check and froze when 47.Ra6?
Fedoseev called this game "a smile of God when everything goes your way," although that can be said of his last two days
After a win against GM Aravindh Chithambaram, Fedoseev suffered his only loss of the event, against GM Jan-Krzysztof Duda
It was at least symbolic justice for the Polish number-one
who lost a two-pawns-up position on the previous day
If he lost his next four games and Aronian won all four of his
the worst fate for Fedoseev would be tied first
only scored one point out of the last four games
Aronian was a half-point behind second-placed Vachier-Lagrave
and this allowed the Frenchman to push ahead
With a final win against GM Alireza Firouzja
Fedoseev won the tournament with a resounding statement.
the most the other players could hope for was second place
Vachier-Lagrave had a tremendous day—after losing that first game to Fedoseev
The last game in that streak of five wins was against GM Bogdan-Daniel Deac
where Vachier-Lagrave essayed a modern concept in the Dilworth Variation of the Ruy Lopez
which had most recently been played by Nepomniachtchi
allowed Vachier-Lagrave to show off the power of the bishop pair
with his unopposed dark-square bishop cutting through the position like a knife through butter
Praggnanandhaa jumped into third despite losing four out of five games in the beginning. His game against Deac, the first of the day and a game Pragg lost
featured a comically chaotic time scramble
Praggnanandhaa-Deac descended into chaos as pieces fell in time trouble! #GrandChessTour pic.twitter.com/ZOC4MoIHHQ
But he won his last four and thus continued the streaky play he showed on Tuesday. With his win in the last round against GM David Gavrilescu
Praggnanandhaa jumped just half a point ahead of Aronian
who had been in contention but floundered in the second half of the day
Aronian showed a spark of brilliance in his last game
but wasn't able to put away what could have been a masterpiece of an attack
While it's a disappointing tournament for two-time GCT Champion Firouzja
who co-led early on but then collapsed in the blitz
it won't be long before he gets another chance
and he'll get the chance to prove himself against even stronger opposition and in the classical time control
The 2025 Superbet Rapid & Blitz Poland was the first event on the 2025 Grand Chess Tour and ran April 26-30 in the POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews in Warsaw
The 10 players first competed in a single rapid round-robin with a time control of 25 minutes plus a 10-second increment per move
Creativity kicked off the first weekend in May at the Tett Centre for Creativity and Learning
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which featured 40 of the region’s finest artists
watercolour and fabric — stretched on canvas or available in print — adorned the lower level of the Tett Centre over the weekend
gems and jewelry aplenty were main attraction
one of the notable creators featured at the showcase on Saturday
said she has been an artist most of her life
Evans said she came by her talents honestly
a chartered accountant but an artist at heart
encouraging her to paint at a very young age
She still has his paint box on display in her studio today
The graphic designer-turned-art teacher has mastered many disciplines and is a stranger to very few mediums
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“I will create something in watercolour, then the same image in an oil painting or acrylic,” Evans said. “I’ll sketch something then go and do it again another way. For me, I like to repeat image, not medium.”
During a recent trip to Portugal with her sister-in-law, Evans said she took a hiking tour along the Camino trail, near the border to Spain, where stops were made every 25 km. There, she captured the beautiful surroundings in sketches and quick watercolours, snapped a few photos for reference, then later rendered select images in oils or acrylics.
Many artists would stop there, quite pleased (or tortured) with their results, but Evans’ desire to explore new mediums had her hunkered down at a sewing machine where she stitched together the final rendering, in what she calls “thread painting.”
“I use the thread as my paint. So, wherever I want to put colour, I use thread,” Evans said.
She has been working in this medium for about a year and a half and claims it was born out of injury.
“We had just purchased a new home, and I was in the basement when I hit my head on a pipe, fell back and hit it again on a box, then down on the concrete, bang, again. Three hits turned into a nasty concussion,” Evans explained.
As part of her therapy, Evans took to thread painting more seriously. With lots of recovery time on her hands, 40 hours a week for about 10 weeks, she honed her talents to reinvent herself as an artist, delving deeply into a new medium.
Evans is currently planning another trip to Portugal where she will lead an art tour of her own.
Meanwhile upstairs at the Tett on Saturday, the Kingston Lapidary and Mineral Club’s Metal Rocks Show and sale took place, featuring rocks, gems and jewelry aplenty.
Jagoda Niesluchowska, a 76-year-old Polish artisan who emigrated to Canada from Ostroleka — a city north of Warsaw — for a better life, eventually found that in Kingston.
Her husband came first to Canada to gain employment in 1992 and she and their two daughters soon followed.
Niesluchowska said on Saturday that she always loved jewelry, but could never leave it alone.
“Whenever I bought jewelry, it was never enough. I would always have to add something or change something,” Niesluchowska said. “I had a friend who had this big, very nice, bracelet. She told me there was this place where I could also go and make my own jewelry like she did.”
That’s when Niesluchowska came to the Lapidary and Mineral Club and learned how to make it herself. Her first piece was a silver bracelet she gave her daughter for graduation.
It started as a hobby for Niesluchowska in 2005, crafting gifts for friends and family. Once retired, this shiny pastime grew into much more.
“I couldn’t stop. I just enjoyed it so much,” Niesluchowska said. “The designing, forging and polishing the metal into a finished piece of jewelry was so satisfying.”
“When I first joined the Lapidary Club, I saw a woman vigorously pounding metal with a hammer. I asked her, ‘Are you angry?’ She said, ‘Not anymore.’ We are friends to this day,” Niesluchowska said.
The jewelry maker said it also brings her joy to teach others. As a member of the Lapidary and Mineral Club, she shares her gifts through jewelry making classes.
Niesluchowska said, as she wrung her hands, “I hope I can continue. I have arthritis and I must use my hands a lot for this. That would be bad if I had to stop,” said Niesluchowska.
You can find Niesluchowska on Instagram at silveretcetera.
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May 2, 2025 | Law, Politics, Society
Poland’s justice minister has announced that police and prosecutors are investigating far-right presidential candidate Grzegorz Braun for his involvement in an incident in which a Ukrainian flag hung outside a Polish city hall in solidarity with Ukraine was removed
Tak wygląda wiec Brauna w Białej Podlaskiej. Ludzie weszli na budynek Urzędu Miasta i zerwali ukraińską flagę. Polityka nienawiści zbiera żniwo. To nie jest patriotyzm. To hańba. pic.twitter.com/qxpPrmkchg
— Marta Wcisło #Trzaskowski2025 (@WcisloMarta123) April 30, 2025
The latest stunt took place during Braun’s rally in the city of Biała Podlaska in eastern Poland on Wednesday
A man – introduced by Braun as his assistant – climbed a ladder outside city hall while Braun stood at the bottom
The man then removed the Ukrainian flag hanging from the building
Many public and private buildings in Poland have Ukrainian flags hanging (alongside Polish ones) as a sign of support for and solidarity with Ukraine in its resistance to Russian aggression
“I call all of you as witnesses that…my assistant…at my request and my express order
it is my responsibility,” said Braun
He then announced that he will pass the flag to the Ukrainian consulate
Braun has long railed against what he calls the “Ukrainisation of Poland”
referring to the large number of Ukrainian migrants and refugees that have settled there as well as Poland’s strong support of Ukraine
His supporters declared Wednesday’s flag incident to be a “repolonisation of city hall”
politicians from Poland’s main ruling party
it is a disgrace,” wrote PO MEP Marta Wcisło
“The politics of hatred are taking their toll.”
Police are investigating far-right presidential candidate and MEP Grzegorz Braun after he vandalised an LGBT+ exhibition
The city where it took place immediately cancelled a meeting he was due to hold there and is seeking compensation for the damage https://t.co/EbDpMzmpFw
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) March 20, 2025
accused Braun of “pro-Putin propaganda” and said that a Ukrainian flag would again be hung at city hall
called Braun’s actions a “deliberate provocation…aimed against Polish-Ukrainian friendship”
He urged people to “stand up to such provocations together
especially during the time of Russia’s ongoing brutal war against Ukraine
when we are fighting for our common security”
1/2 Świadoma prowokacja w Białej Podlaskiej jest wycelowana przeciwko 🇺🇦-🇵🇱 przyjaźni
Stawmy się takim prowokacjam wspólnie i zdecydowanie
Szczególnie w czasy trwającej brutalnej wojny rosji przeciwko Ukrainie
kiedy walczymy o nasze wspólne bezpieczeństwo
— Vasyl Bodnar (@VasylBodnar) May 1, 2025
Local police issued a statement saying that they have established the personal information of the man who took down the Ukrainian flag and are analysing recordings from the event and securing other evidence
“We will not allow attacks on public buildings
or incitement to break the law,” wrote the police
“Legal consequences will be drawn against those responsible for such behaviour.”
Justice minister Adam Bodnar later confirmed that “police and prosecutors are taking action in the matter of the outrageous events at the rally in Biała Podlaska…Grzegorz Braun’s excesses will not go unpunished”
Ekscesy Grzegorza Brauna nie pozostaną bezkarne
12:00 w Parlamencie Europejskim odbędzie się głosowanie nad wnioskiem o uchylenie immunitetu europosła
Prokuratura Okręgowa w Warszawie chce mu postawić zarzuty popełnienia 7 przestępstw
— Adam Bodnar (@Adbodnar) May 1, 2025
Braun – a minor presidential candidate currently polling around 2% – has a long history of conducting similar stunts aimed at expressing his opposition to various religious
as well as women’s reproductive rights
In March, he vandalised an exhibition about LGBT+ people
graffitiing “Stop the propaganda of perversion” on display boards that had been set up on the market square in a Polish city
Most infamously, in December 2023, Braun sprayed Hanukkah candles with a fire extinguisher during a ceremony in the Polish parliament, an incident for which he was later charged
On Wednesday this week, prosecutors confirmed they have opened an investigation into Braun after a fellow presidential candidate accused him of inciting hatred towards Jews during a televised debate in which he expressed opposition to the “Judaisation” of Poland
Braun warned of the "Judaisation" of Poland
saying "Jews have far too much say in Polish affairs"
He also criticised commemoration of the Warsaw ghetto uprising
For more, see our earlier report: https://t.co/GyQYAl9Cte
— Notes from Poland 🇵🇱 (@notesfrompoland) May 1, 2025
Main image credit: Robert Kowalewski / Agencja Wyborcza.pl
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