25 Apr 2025 14:00:00 GMT?.css-1txiau5-AnswerContainer{color:var(--GlobalColorScheme-Text-secondaryText2);}Santarem won 2–0 over SC Lusitania on Fri This is 9 of the Liga 3 Relegation Group B Predicted lineups are available for the match a few days in advance while the actual lineup will be available about an hour ahead of the match The current head to head record for the teams are Santarem 2 win(s) Have scored 7 goals in their last 5 matches Who won between Santarem and SC Lusitania on Fri 25 Apr 2025 14:00:00 GMT?Santarem won 2–0 over SC Lusitania on Fri 25 Apr 2025 14:00:00 GMT.InsightsHave scored 5 goals in their last 5 matches Santarem is playing home against SC Lusitania on Fri Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker plantações de soja e milho deixam pequenos agricultores isolados - Vitor Shimomura/Brasil de Fato a group of monkeys can be seen on the highest branches of mango trees surrounding the house where farmers José Aldenor da Silva Pedroso and Expedita de Souza Lima live It is located in the rural community of Chaves in the western region of the state of Pará They've got used to us,” says the farmer He believes that animals go there searching for food “It's a good thing having these trees here for them to get some fruit the family property is a green island in the middle of a monoculture desert it is home to three springs surrounded by preserved forests a dirt road demarcates the borders: on the one side plowed land stretches as far as the eye can see memories of the forest are all that remain.  “When about 70 families were living here we used to come here at midday or one o'clock in the afternoon put it on our backs and walk from there to here under the trees,” Pedroso recalls.  With the advance of crop monocultures in the Planalto Santareno region – neighboring the cities of Santarém Belterra and Mojuí dos Campos – green areas lost space there's nothing,” the farmer laments soy production goes down the Tapajós River to the Amazon and then to other countries The port contributed to expanding monoculture plantations around the BR 163 highway other agribusiness companies set up ports and infrastructure projects to export grains According to the report Soy in the Northern Logistics Corridor published by the Institute for Socio-Economic Studies (INESC the problem could become even more serious with the construction of Ferrogrão This railroad will connect Sinop (in the state of Mato Grosso) to the district of Miritituba in the city of Itaitua (in the state of Pará) the railroad will cross a highly socio-biodiverse region affecting at least 17 Conservation Units of various categories as well as at least six Indigenous Lands of the Kayapó and Panará peoples,” warns the study Forests disappear, whole communities disappear, and soy deserts take their place. In 2005, Mojuí dos Campos had 3,000 hectares covered with soybean plantations According to data taken from the Mapbiomas platform the area jumped to 51,400 hectares in 2023 Among the three municipalities in the region Mojuí leads in terms of environmental devastation The annual rate of deforestation there rose from 400 hectares in 2013 to 6,100 in 2021 The data were collected by the Brazilian Amazon Forest Satellite Monitoring Program (PRODES run by the National Institute for Space Research (INPE The intense deforestation in Mojuí gave the city the pole position on the list of the 70 municipalities with the most deforestation in the Amazon updated in 2024 by Brazil’s Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change These locations are responsible for almost 80% of deforestation in the Amazonian biome They are monitored under the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PPCDAm When Brasil de Fato visited the region in mid-November 2024 the crops were in the final phase of the so-called sanitary void a three-month period in which crops are suspended to contain the spread of the fungus that causes Asian Soybean Rust a disease that can result in losses of up to 90% of the crop.   All that remained were the cut stalks of corn dried foliage and a few ears of corn accentuated the contrast between monoculture and family farming areas.   Pedroso is one of the locals who insists on planting With the help of his son José André Lima Pedroso and his wife "There's a bit of everything," he says With no plans or desire to abandon the land the family deals with the pressure of living surrounded by a monoculture Three families stand still in the Chaves community on the other side of the bridge," says Expedita.  The residents' departure began in the late 1990s when the first family farmers sold their land to cattle ranchers before monocultures arrived pastures were taken over by soybean plantations increasing pressure on small farmers to sell their properties president of the Mojuí dos Campos Rural Workers' and Family Farmers' Union of the 130 or so rural communities in the city Others have lost ground to soybean plantations and are facing the process of disappearing.  She explains that this process happens in two phases soy growers – called sojeiros or sojicultores – seek out the residents and make them an offer to buy their land Those who remain in the community live surrounded by soy and often have no other option but to look for another place to live "There are people that were forced to leave because they could not make ends meet anymore due to plagues and also the poison [used by agribusiness]," says Barreto Retired family farmer Messias Tiburcio de Castro is among those who have decided to sell their properties He left the Chaves community around seven years ago after spending five decades there [cms-gallery id=01bda73d-4a3e-485a-9108-804b2b8445df] “A sojeiro started buying my neighbors' lands He kept buying and buying and we were almost isolated,” he says On the property where they raised their six children the couple lives on a farm in the Baixa da Onça community.  you don't have to look around to feel the presence of the monoculture The couple retells the last time soybean farmers applied limestone a mineral used to improve the quality of the soil and prepare it for planting The wind carried the fine powder through the air spreading it over properties around the plantation area “The hammock was covered with limestone,” says Muniz pointing to the blue hammock tied between two trees near the house the toxic smell is carried by the wind," Castro says Barreto closely monitors the consequences of the growth of grain plantations a stream died due to pesticide contamination and deforestation this stream was used to everything: we used to shower with it Near the spring, sojicultores cut the riparian forest what is left of the green area becomes a refuge for different species such as the monkeys that visit Pedroso's yard capybaras devoured açaí seedlings the family planted “Things have become more complicated for us now because we have to work to support ourselves and the animals,” says the farmer insects are also making inroads into preserved territories and family farming areas I do my best not to use poison,” says Pedroso the pesticides applied to the soybeans push the pests onto the family's crops There's no way out,” he laments.  Without knowing whether he was contaminated by pesticides carried through the wind the farmer is now worried about his health A test carried out in 2023 by the Evandro Chagas Institute confirmed the presence of glyphosate in Pedroso's urine According to the World Health Organization (WHO) The farmer's wife and son were also tested and came back negative “I've been tested again and I'm waiting for the new results I don't know what's going to happen damned if we don’t,” he concluded Following the dirt road that works as a border between Pedroso’s family property and the soy plantation it is possible to get a sense of the devastation reminding us that although the Santareno Planalto has some Cerrado characteristics two huge mango trees shade the graves in the cemetery of the Baixa do Cipó community the only reminder of that part of the village those who don't know that there used to be a community there those who don't know the history of the place because a soy desert is the only thing that can be seen” Barreto laments In Belterra spraying of pesticides near a school caused classes to be suspended In addition to the 19 communities that have disappeared in the region This is the case of São Francisco da Volta Grande where the backyards of some houses border the grain plantation area.  “The community is gradually disappearing giving way to more and more soy plantations,” says Giselida Nunes da Silva who has been teaching at Vitalina Motta Elementary School since 2017.  the 300 or so students served by the school had classes suspended due to pesticide contamination students and teachers getting sick,” says Silva Teachers recorded videos of pesticides being applied during class time the Pará Public Prosecutor's Office opened a civil inquiry proposing that the State Secretariat for Environment and Sustainability the Belterra Municipal Secretariat for Environmental Management and Tourism and the Pará State Agricultural Defense Agency inspect the plantations around the school The document asked the agencies to assess whether pesticide spraying was being carried out within the minimum distance required by environmental legislation.  the Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (also known in Brazil as Ibama) issued 38 notices to the soy producer responsible for environmental crimes around the school The institute fined the producer R$ 1 million (about US$ 164,000) and banned pesticide use until its determinations were met the pesticide was applied in the early hours of the morning and students and teachers became ill when they arrived at school “We did some toxicology tests here at the school to identify poisoning risks We’re waiting for the results,” says teacher Heloise Rocha who has worked at the school for nine years The case is being investigated by the Santarém Agrarian Conflict Police Station.  “It's not just the school that's being poisoned it's the community as a whole that's being affected by this,” laments Silva *This article was produced in partnership with the INESC (Institute for Socio-Economic Studies) All original content produced and editorially authored by Brasil de Fato may be reproduced provided it is not altered and proper credit is given All original content produced and editorially authored by Brasil de Fato may be reproduced This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks The action you just performed triggered the security solution There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page Read today's Portuguese stories delivered to your email Santarém City Council has approved a 50 million euro private investment project which includes a new commercial area next to the current “retail park” to “respond” to the construction of the future Hospital da Luz unit “We want to respond to the construction of the new Hospital da Luz […] and meet the needs of the city of Santarém especially in the extension of the current retail park We want to offer a greater number of square metres and have more commercial surfaces,” Diogo Grade the project foresees the construction of four lots for commerce giving continuity to the existing commercial area as well as the creation of support services for the hospital unit According to Diogo Grade, there is the possibility of building a senior residence and clinical analysis laboratories. The possibility of one of the lots housing a new hotel unit to take advantage of its proximity to the National Center for Agricultural Exhibitions and Markets (CNEMA) is still under study “We have some operators who have agreed to participate and practically all the brands on the market have shown interest in being present in this new space,” said the manager Construction work is expected to begin in early 2026 with an expected creation of around 300 jobs "We are pleased with the promoters' intention to invest in that area That area is growing with the construction of the new Hospital da Luz There is a new centrality and this project is a way of bringing the plateau closer to CNEMA itself [...] and it will develop the municipality of Santarém by generating jobs" "We also have housing construction starting in that area to meet demand We are talking about a hospital that will create 500 jobs we have to create other responses from the point of view of public space these investments bring other public and private investments," he stressed highlighting the "economic dynamics" that the projects bring to the municipality We appreciate that not everyone can afford to pay for our services but if you are able to we ask you to support The Portugal News by making a contribution – no matter how small You can change how much you give or cancel your contributions at any time Send us your comments or opinion on this article Reaching over 400,000 people a week with news about Portugal 2024– The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in Brazil conducted a multidisciplinary training on the identification and assistance of victims of human trafficking from August 1 to 2 organized by UNODC through the Tapajós Project in partnership with the State of Pará Prosecutor’s Office (MPPA) included the participation of local and national government institutions a representative from UNODC Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling Section (HTMSS) in Vienna As the first training on human trafficking conducted by UNODC in the region the two-day program included presentations on the identification of the elements and purposes that constitute the crime the most common recruitment methods and forms of exploitation and the identification and prosecution of perpetrators including case study discussions and simulated interview methodology for the identification of trafficking victims (see below) "Human trafficking is a crime that needs to be recognized to be combated but it is still invisible at various levels it is essential that the network is trained to identify and assist trafficking victims—who often do not recognize themselves as such—and that the State can investigate and holding perpetrators criminally responsible," said Herena Melo Also present at the opening session were the municipal secretary of Labor and Social Assistance (Semtras) of Santarém Celsa Brito Silva; MPPA prosecutor Lilian Cabral; and UNODC monitoring and evaluation (M&E) officer Savia Cordeiro The training panelists included Alline Pedra UNODC crime prevention and criminal justice officer in Vienna; Eduardo Serra executive secretary of the National Commission for the Eradication of Forced Labor (Conatrae); José Weyne psychologist and member of the Human Rights Commission of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (Alerj); and Francisco Alan lawyer for the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) and member of the State of Pará’s Commission for the Eradication of Forced Labor (Coetrae-PA) Simulated Interviews – Part of the training consisted of a simulated interview exercise to identify victims of human trafficking The activity's methodology was based on a UNODC manual with lessons learned and best practices from similar exercises conducted in other countries that are signatories to the UN Protocol on Trafficking in Persons participants were exposed to essential theoretical questions to grasp the concept of human trafficking a scenario based on a real case—of workers rescued from conditions analogous to slavery in a Pará mining site—was distributed to serve as the basis for the victim identification exercise through a simulated interview The entire simulation was conducted by the UNODC team and invited experts which also includes simulated investigations and trials as a learning mechanism will be replicated in future Tapajós Project training sessions and demonstrates UNODC's commitment to bringing innovative methodologies to address human trafficking in a local context—in this case Tapajós Project – TAPAJÓS is a project implemented since 2021 by UNODC Brazil under its mandate to assist countries in the implementation of the UN Protocol on Trafficking in Persons Department of State’s Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons (J-TIP) The first phase of the project (2021-2023) aimed to calculate the prevalence of human trafficking and forced labor in gold mining areas in the Tapajós River basin in the state of Pará the second phase (2023-26) of the project foresees the implementation of a series of activities and interventions—co-produced with local partners—to prevent and reduce these crimes in the region Learn more about UNODC's work on this topic here Saiba mais: Agenda 2030 Todas as notícias Copyright©2025 UNODC, All Rights Reserved, Legal Notice In line with the B!Pact and B Corp processes undertaken by the Bonduelle Group the Santarém plant in Portugal launched a CSR project to produce energy using photovoltaic panels The objective: reducing its energy purchases and CO2 emissions in order to feed the present while protecting the future implemented in 2019 saw the installation of a 5,000 m2 roof composed of photovoltaic panels the company was able to decrease its energy purchases by 8% a year (a savings of 1,200 megawatts) all while accelerating the reduction of its CO2 emissions (570 tons) In order to give more visibility to the project – and respond to staff requests for covered parking – the solar panels were installed on the roof over the plant’s parking lot photovoltaic energy has largely been democratized Since the price of solar panels is more affordable other projects of this type should see the light of day at Bonduelle particularly at Bonduelle Europe Long Life the Santarém plant is proud to have initiated this project within the group: a big thanks goes out to the teams mobilized in this adventure Syn-Pro by SISIS Cricket Groundcare Machinery Oeiras vs Gamblers SC Gorkha XI vs Lisbon Capitals Punjab CC Amadora vs Gamblers SC Gorkha XI vs Oeiras Malo vs Lisbon Capitals and it will see six teams play a total of 34 matches Not only does ECB Portugal 2025 start on the same date as IPL 2025 it also follows the same format: the top four teams will qualify for the playoffs The entirety of the tournament will be played at the Santarem Cricket Ground in Santarem You can watch live streaming of ECS Portugal 2025 in India on FanCode You can create your Fantasy XI for ECS Portugal 2025 using Cricket.com’s very own Criclytics Ashutosh Sharma Shows Why He's DC's Bonafide Troubleshooter IPL Venue Analysis: Will PBKS end their winless drought in Dharamsala Mohammed Shami's Downfall Underlines SRH's Mediocre IPL 2025 Krunal Pandya Is Proving To Be RCB's Trump Card In IPL 2025 Wasted Potential To Frontline Pace Sensation — The Reinvention Of Prasidh Krishna IPL 2025: Who Is Leading The Points Table After Match 50 IPL 2025: Who Holds The Orange And Purple Cap After Match 50 Mumbai Indians End 12-Year Winless Streak In Jaipur With Record Win Against RR Nehal Wadhera - Punjab Kings’ Ultimate Problem Solver delegation of 25 athletes collected 20 total medals Five athletes claimed individual gold at the competition N.J./Elite Trampoline Academy) and Ryan Maccagnan (Colorado Springs Colo./Stars Gymnastics) topped the U21 women’s and men’s trampoline podiums with scores of 53.080 and 57.370 N.J./Elite Trampoline Academy) scored a 52.900 in to take the U16 women’s trampoline title N.J./Elite Trampoline Academy) and Nate Erkert (Wildwood Mo./Elite Trampoline Academy) won the women’s and men’s U16 double mini competition with scores of 25.900 and 26.300 N.J./Elite Trampoline Academy) and Derek Ruehl (Worden Ill./Kris Power Tumbling) each earned silver behind their teammates in U16 double mini competition with scores of 24.800 and 26.200 DeHanes also secured U16 women’s trampoline silver with a 52.390 Ill./Kris Power Tumbling) and Skye Hawk (Allen Edelman took women’s bronze with a 52.350 while Miner did the same in men’s with a 52.390 McCoy posted a 50.440 and Williams a 56.930 to place third in U21 trampoline competition while Hawk put up a 21.800 for the third spot of the U17 women’s tumbling podium Texas/Southlake Gymnastics Academy) and Brooklyn Jolley (West Haven Utah/Northern Star Bounders) also were featured in finals throughout the competition each landing fourth in their respective divisions Bain scored a 49.860 in U21 individual trampoline Erkert was fifth in U16 men’s trampoline with a 31.950 and Kate Arakawa (Celina Texas/Eagle Gymnastics Academy) finished seventh in the U16 women’s final with a 48.420 Ind./Element Tumbling and Trampoline) and Alexander Rozenshteyn (Cranford N.J./Elite Trampoline Academy) also were in action in Santarem was the top scorer in U21 women’s (304.290) U16 men’s (281.490) and U16 women’s (286.910) trampoline as well as in U16 men’s (155.200) and women’s (155.200) double mini America claimed women’s team silver with a 131.800 and men’s team bronze with a 134.600 The U21 men’s tumbling team was fifth in team competition with a 193.320 The 2023 Coimbra World Cup July 7-8 is the next trampoline and tumbling stop in Portugal for the U.S Santarém City Council is developing a project for the regeneration of the riverfront with the aim of “returning the Tagus River to the city and the municipality” “The regeneration of the waterfront is a priority [...] rescuing its importance as a symbol of life According to information given to Lusa by João Leite the Chamber has already secured 3.5 million euros for the implementation of this project “represents a decisive step towards making the dream of returning the River to everyone a reality” The project includes the creation of an urban green park with the aim of monetising the proximity to the river “It will be much more than a physical space this valuable natural heritage that connects us to the past and projects us into the future will finally be returned to the people so that everyone can enjoy its beauty its serenity and its potential as a source of development and well-being” the mayor revealed that a proposal to connect the city's railway station to the Santarém Plateau is underway a “differentiating” project that aims to “bring Ribeira closer to Planalto promote sustainable mobility by increasing the use of trains and with a significant impact on tourism” The city hall intends to present these two initiatives on 19 March with the release of images of both projects Pescador Itaituba Miritituba - Vitor Shimomura/Brasil de Fato a few meters from a green barge standing in a deep part of the river.  The barge is part of the mega-structure installed in the town to support the transportation of grains the white lights of the Cargo Transshipment Stations (ECTs where products are transferred from trucks to boats in the district of Miritituba opposite Itaituba The crossing from one side to the other is made by ferry The journey takes half the time in small motorized boats (called "rabetas" in Brazil) on the right bank of the Tapajós River fisherman Ednaldo Ares dos Santos moored his boat on the morning of November 16 That was the last day to sell their fish before the beginning of the closed season when fishing and selling certain species are prohibited so that fish can reproduce safely.  since the arrival of the boats and the ports this protection measure seems insufficient to preserve the river's fauna a fish popularly known as piau and commonly found in the Tapajós has disappeared "It's decreasing due to the flow of boats This fish used to come up from there to here Now it isn't coming up anymore," says the fisherman.  Santos was born into a family of fishing professionals and started fishing very young he provided for the education of his three children fishing is becoming increasingly difficult The first station, owned by the Unitapajós joint venture – made up of agribusiness giants Bunge and Amaggi – was installed in 2013, according to the technical report Soy in the Northern Logistics Corridor, published in April 2024 by the Institute for Socio-Economic Studies (INESC Then came three others belonging to agribusiness companies: Companhia Norte de Navegação e Portos (Cianport) and Cargill and Hidrovias do Brasil S.A there is a floating ETC owned by Transportes Bertolini Ltda Group cargo is distributed to private ports and shipped to other countries We can't fish where we used to," says the fisherman pointing to the area dominated by ports near the urban area of Miritituba The companies cut down stretches of forest and limited access to the water to install the stations and ports secretary of the Z 56 Fishermen's Colony which serves around 400 fisherpeople from Itaituba and other towns in the region the area controlled by the ports on the bank of the Tapajós River is almost a kilometer long but it doesn't happen anymore," says Cruz "We used to go there using our small boat that's not possible," says retired fisherman Lázaro Joaquim da Silva "There are people from here who go fishing in the town of Aveiro," he says The combination of deforestation on the riverbank and the restriction of bank access has resulted in losses for fisherpeople Santos could secure up to 200 kilos of fish in three days of work he returns home with just 40 kilos of fish They lived in that area where gillnets were full of fish we don't catch fish on the riverbank anymore The decline has been drastic," explains Cruz According to the Confederation of Agriculture and Livestock of Brazil around 1,800 trucks carrying a total of around 84,000 tons of grain leave Sinop (in the state of Mato Grosso) in the direction of the Tapajós Axis bound for the port of Santarém (in the state of Pará) where they are unloaded and shipped abroad.  cargo from Mato Grosso is loaded onto barges that follow the Tapajós waterway until they meet the Amazonas River "The ports were installed on a fish route The consequence is that they fish less," says Cruz people who made ends meet through fishing and fishing disappeared and you don't see anyone," says Santos.  the Pará Public Prosecutor's Office filed a public civil action against the Pará State Secretariat for the Environment and Sustainability the Secretariat for Ports of the Presidency of the Republic the National Water Transport Agency (Antaq in Portuguese) and the companies Rio Turia Serviços Logísticos The document points out flaws in preparing the Environmental Impact Study and Report and informed consultation with the communities impacted by the activities In addition to the fisherpeople and riverbank dwellers who suffer from limited access to the river and a reduction in the amount of fish, the projects negatively impact the Munduruku Indigenous villages of Praia do Índio in addition to damaging the flora and fauna the developments could increase population and urban limits threatening the villages close to the city these communities may be affected by the noise of the boats "The documents [the study and the report on environmental impacts] already prepared did not consider the existence of Indigenous villages and traditional communities affected by the Cargo Transshipment Stations project neither the company nor public bodies have announced any intention to carry out prior consultation," the document states and informed consultation is a mechanism for protecting traditional communities It was established by Convention 169 of the International Labor Organization (ILO) signed in 1989 and ratified by Brazil in 2002 This means that these populations have the right to monitor and take part in decisions about projects that impact their territories.  remembers a meeting when Cargill arrived on the territory "But since we didn't understand much about the projects the lawsuit indicates the failure of public bodies to carry out this process stage "It so happens that Antaq and the state of Pará approved this project and some of the companies involved began the licensing process without consulting the Indigenous and traditional populations about the impacts on their lives," the Public Prosecutor's Office document states Cargill's port turned the beach into an abandoned area Vessels departing from Miritituba are bound for the ports of Santana and the Pará cities of Barcarena and Santarém Cargill installed a large structure on Vera Paz beach in an area provided by Santarém's city hall this was a leisure spot for residents and a sacred territory for Indigenous peoples and riverside dwellers According to studies produced by the organization Terra de Direitos the port has been operating for 20 years without environmental licensing The mega grain disposal facility is on the left side of the waterfront A concrete walkway connects the kiosks and a basketball court Weeds grow through the cracks in the court's wall and garbage accumulates in the surrounding undergrowth it turned into that," says popular communicator Allan Hios the profile Nostalgia Santarém publishes photos of the beach with trees and kiosks on clear sand "You can't believe it used to be Vera Paz," wrote one Facebook user in a photo of three people playing in the greenish water "What I see today is an accumulation of weeds in the area so it looks abandoned," another user commented president of the Santarém Rural Farmers' Union lives in the rural community of Dourado on the river's opposite bank she used to moor her canoe there to visit the city of Santarém "Cargill's port has devastated our lives," Bastos laments She says that the movement of the barges has taken away the tranquility of those who travel along the river "The impact is violent."   She remembers when the beach was a meeting point for residents and a hotspot for small producers in the region "Stallholders installed next to Vera Paz beach were never compensated—workers who used to sell their products on the beach—ice pop three other agribusiness companies are planning to install ports in the city One of the projects is by Empresa Brasileira de Portos de Santarém (Embraps whose environmental impact report was published in October 2015 The construction of other ports is intended to serve the activities of the Cevital Group from Algeria which operates in the agri-food sector and is favored by plantations in Brazil's central-western region and the Ceagro company Bastos was selling products at the Lower Amazon Family Production Fair (Fepam He proudly showed off the fruit harvested in his community: bananas “ We believed that everything belonged to us by right We believed it because there had never been any conflict to take our land That was the demarcation of respect,” she concludes.  Punjab CC Amadora vs Gorkha XI Malo vs Oeiras Punjab CC Amadora vs Lisbon Capitals Malo vs Gamblers SC Oeiras vs Lisbon Capitals More than 30 trampoline and tumbling athletes will represent the country at the Santarem World Cup and Scalabis Cup in Santarem Following the 2023 USA Gymnastics Championships eight newly renamed Senior National Team members are set to compete at the Santarem World Cup July 1-2 in Portugal individual trampoline champions Sarah Webster and Aliaksei Shostak headline a delegation that includes Olympian Nicole Ahsinger reigning World double mini champion Ruben Padilla 2022 World team silver medalists Cody Gesuelli Isaac Rowley and Jessica Stevens and 2021 double mini team champion Trinity Van Natta Leah Garafalo and Ryan Maccagnan will join the team as traveling replacement athletes July 1 with individual and synchronized trampoline qualifications beginning at 5 a.m The top eight athletes and pairs from qualifications More information about the World Cup can be found on the event website The action in Portugal continues with the 2023 Scalabis Cup July 4-6 where 25 juniors and athletes in the 17-21 age group will participate in individual and double mini trampoline Zachary Ramacci and Jace Williams will represent the 17-21 age-group athletes Alexandra Mytnik and Alexander Rozenshteyn highlight the junior roster Erkert and Miner will be joined by fellow juniors Asher Little Competition in Santarem begins with two days of qualifications each country will add the top three scores per division from their athletes in qualifications for a combined team score Visit scalabiscup.com for more information about the competition in Portugal. Live scoring throughout the event will be available here The full list of participants is listed below by competition and event Challenger 2025 is scheduled to be played from March 29th to April 4th - at the Santarem Cricket Ground Here are the Fantasy Cricket Predictions and Betting Tips for ECS Portugal ECS Portugal Premier 2025 continues with Matches 16 to 20 on April 1st at Santarem Cricket Ground Catch all the live streaming action and key highlights ECS Portugal Premier 2025 continues with Matches 11 to 15 on March 31st at Santarem Cricket Ground Tune in for ECS Portugal Premier 2025 action with Matches 6-10 scheduled on March 30 Watch live from Santarém Cricket Ground and stay updated with all match stats and results Catch the action live from the ECS Portugal Premier 2025 as Matches 1-5 take place on March 29 at Santarém Cricket Ground Punjab CC vs Gorkha 11 Malo vs Oeiras CC Punjab CC vs Lisbon Capitals Malo vs Gamblers SC Oeiras CC vs Lisbon Capitals © ECN - European Cricket Network Coimbra Knights vs Brothers XI Portugal Team Tiger Portugal vs Friendship CC Coimbra Knights vs Lisbon Super giants Lisbon Werewolves vs Brothers XI Portugal Friendship CC vs Lisbon Super giants Coimbra Knights vs Brothers XI Portugal Team Tiger Portugal vs Friendship CC Coimbra Knights vs Lisbon Super giants Lisbon Werewolves vs Brothers XI Portugal Friendship CC vs Lisbon Super giants Santarém just an hour from Lisbon in the heart of Ribatejo region, is a dream for fans of architecture Known as the ‘Gothic Capital’, it possesses so many Gothic monuments that it single-handedly provides a journey through various incarnations of the style Throughout the historic centre of the city no less than fifteen different churches provide a Gothic banquet A good place to start is the Church of São João do Alporão, transformed into a Museum of Art and Archeology Built in the 12th century by the Crusader Knights of Hospitaller or Malta Order the Church bears the hallmarks of the Christian Reconquista and Romanesque style Its squat cubic mass reflects the confidence and stability of an expanded Holy Roman Empire But more ornate decoration and that telltale upward Gothic thrust towards the heavens are beginning The ‘chevet’ (eastern end of the choir) is one of the first examples of Gothic style in Portugal Santarém was perhaps uniquely ready to incorporate new Gothic elements like the pointed archways and decorative art that Crusaders would have seen in the East Pointed archways had different load-bearing qualities to those of rounded Romanesque vaults (which had a tendency to push the load outward) This adaptation allowed height ratios to increase from 2:1 to 3:1 and might have been particularly welcome in Santarém a city built on a ridged plateau in an area of seismic activity Continue to trace this development of the Gothic style from its simplest forms in the Igreja de Santa Clara Here the austerity associated with the Order of St Clare is visible thanks to a restoration that took place in the 1940s Interestingly the church doesn’t have a main door – only a side entrance – reflecting the fact that the Poor Clares are a closed order of nuns who have no public contact In famous Igreja da Graça, a more flamboyant Gothic style is set against that mendicant Gothic simplicity Around the church you can see places where carved motifs and Gothic tracery begin to be used to disguise any sense of weight in the structure Another point of interest is that explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral The Age of Discovery and its fashions brought further virtuoso Gothic elements They came to be known as ‘Manueline’ after King Manuel I (1495-1521) Stone pillars were carved into twists like sea-faring rope Botanical and maritime features like oak leaves Armillery spheres (used for navigation) can be spotted among the décor as well as filigree work and other ‘foreign’ craftmanship One of the clearest examples of Manueline Gothic can be seen in must-visit Igreja Marvila, whose interior is almost entirely swathed in decorative tiles. View this post on Instagram A post shared by Travel Tomorrow (@traveltomorrow.eu) You’ll also see these hints of Manueline elements at São Francisco convent. It was originally built in a simple 13th century Mendicant style, but a hundred years later King D. Fernando decided he’d quite like to be buried there. He had a lower choir and a large cloister added. Spot the decorative tracery, including bearded heads and a representation of Aesop’s fable of the fox and grapes. View this post on Instagram A post shared by Travel Tomorrow (@traveltomorrow.eu) Other stops on your Gothic pilgrimage could include the Churches of Santíssimo Milagre, Misericórdia, and São Nicolau. The historic centre of Santarém is a fun labyrinth of narrow and winding streets. Enjoy exploring them. View this post on Instagram A post shared by Travel Tomorrow (@traveltomorrow.eu) make sure you get a look at the Cathedral before you go ‘Baroque’ comes from the Portuguese ‘perola barroca’ meaning ‘irregular pearl’ and also relates to anything absurdly complex the Cathedral of Nossa Senhora da Conceição encapsulates the late Gothic move towards baroque layers of decoration each ‘floor’ exaggeratedly ‘superposed’ on the other as it rises marble inlays and trompe l’oeil frescoes are awe-inspiring – as intended Essential cookies enable basic functions and are necessary for the proper function of the website Statistics cookies collect information anonymously This information helps us to understand how our visitors use our website Brazil — It was the first time in his life that Robson Chaves de Souza had seen the Tapajós River so far back from the shore the sandy beach that divides his community and the river became a gaping expanse of parched mud the land in the community remains parched and dusty “This drought for us is the worst one ever,” he said Souza lives in the Surucuá community in Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve along the Tapajós River a Brazilian Amazon region in the west of Pará state Like other Indigenous and riverside communities in the area they depend on the regular wet and dry seasons to plant fruits and vegetables for the coming months “We always wait for October’s rain so we can clear our fields to plant something,” he said “Now there are people who haven’t planted anything because the rain hasn’t come.” but they all died because of the lack of rain,” he added boats have run aground on sandbanks that have never appeared before a local fisherman in Itaituba in the upper basin of the River Tapajós that Indigenous communities living on the riverbanks became isolated and now have to walk up to 1 km (0.6 mi) to reach the waterways “I’m 40 years old and a drought like this has never happened before,” he said Droughts occur naturally in the Amazon Rainforest a biome governed by one dry and one wet season per year December marks the start of the rainy period The water arriving in our region is coming from rain in other places far away But the rain here isn’t enough to fill the river.” The drought prompted Santarém, a city straddling the meeting point of the Tapajós and Amazon rivers, to declare a 90-day state of emergency Oct 5 after the drought compromised waterway transport and access to drinking water The droughts have also had a major impact on people’s livelihoods and income Raimundo Gilmar Farias da Costa looked across the Tapajós River as he stocked his boat with water and fruit for the day’s excursion he makes his income by taking tourists to some of the most picturesque spots in Alter do Chão a destination known for its seasonal white beaches in the middle of the rainforest But some places along the river have been off-limits in the last few months “The river dropped this year and stayed low fishing is an important source of income in the region fishing opportunities have become almost nonexistent after the river shrunk to unprecedented low levels said local fisherman Dagio Odalison Correa “The drought hurt many people because they had no work and no income,” he said “It has become difficult to survive on fishing at the moment.” about 300 km (186 mi) south down the river from Alter do Chão the drought has impacted fishing in other ways “It became very easy to catch fish because they get confined within lakes,” Albuquerque said creating small lagoons between them as the river recedes The abundance of fish gathered in small areas proved irresistible to some fishermen who caught large quantities of them overfishing now could impact fish populations in the years to come “This could delay or even prevent some aquatic species from reproducing,” Gustavo Hallwass a researcher and professor at the Institute of Science Technology and Innovation at the Federal University of Lavras “The results of this severe drought will be felt in two or three years.” 8,188 fires were recorded compared to 4,507 in the same period last year (an 82% jump) Pará has also had the highest number of fires this year compared with any other state in the Legal Amazon, registering 39,584 so far. Second behind Pará is Mato Grosso with 20,709 fires, closely followed by Amazonas, also devastated by droughts and fires Most of the fires are linked to illegal deforestation carelessness such as throwing cigarette ends on the ground and mismanagement of authorized fire use to clear vegetation in rural properties which burn out of control under such dry conditions This year’s extreme drought is largely aggravated by El Niño a climate pattern influenced by the warming of surface waters in the eastern Pacific Ocean experts say this El Niño is more severe than usual “The magnitude of El Niño has been accentuated by climate change,” Hallwass said Some locals expect the rain may only come as late as January a delay that is already changing the Tapajós River ecosystem gestured to the forest that encircled the houses in his community He had only recently come back from spending several days in the forest where he hunts for food and sleeps out in the open “The humidity is different [in the forest],” he said “We notice the dryness of the trees and the climate.” “We notice our lips drying in the middle of the forest Banner image: The 2023 severe drought in the Brazilian Amazon established record lows for rivers like the Negro (pictured) and the Tapajós People and nature suffer as historic drought fuels calamitous Amazon fires FEEDBACK: Use this form to send a message to the author of this post The “fortress conservation” model is under pressure in East Africa as protected areas become battlegrounds over history and global efforts to halt biodiversity loss Mongabay’s Special Issue goes beyond the region’s world-renowned safaris to examine how rural communities and governments are reckoning with conservation’s colonial origins and trying to forge a path forward […] Ankush Kumar will be in the runs and wickets for Gamblers SC with Nitin Kamboj adding some wickets Gorkha XI will look to Suman Ghimire, Azhar Andani & Faruk Ahmed for the runs with Shayaddur Rahman and Madhukar Thapa in the wickets All-rounder Danish Siddique will be in the runs and wickets for Lisbon Capitals Malo are full of top players so it's hard to pick from the bunch I'd expect Amandeep Singh, Amir Zaib and Imran Khan to be in the runs with Najam Shahzad and Assad Mehmood in the wickets Conrad Greenshields and Francoise Stoman will be in the runs for Oeiras whilst Junaid Khan will be in the wickets Punjab CC Amadorawill look to Rao Imran and Simranjeet Singh for the runs whilst Parveen Singh and Rana Sarwar will be in the wickets Gorkha XI vs Gamblers SC Oeiras vs Punjab CC Amadora Gorkha XI vs Malo Lisbon Capitals vs Gamblers SC Punjab CC Amadora vs Malo Punjab CC Amadora vs Gorkha XI Malo vs Oeiras Punjab CC Amadora vs Lisbon Capitals Oeiras vs Lisbon Capitals Gorkha XI vs Gamblers SC Oeiras vs Punjab CC Amadora Gorkha XI vs Malo Lisbon Capitals vs Gamblers SC Punjab CC Amadora vs Malo Oeiras vs Gamblers SC Gorkha XI vs Lisbon Capitals Punjab CC Amadora vs Gamblers SC Gorkha XI vs Oeiras Malo vs Lisbon Capitals Oeiras CC vs Lisbon Capitals Malo vs Gorkha 11 Gorkha 11 vs Oeiras CC Malo vs Gorkha 11 Live Cricket Streaming ECS Portugal, Premier 2025: The live cricket streaming page which enables you to watch live cricket - Geo-restrictions apply *NB these predictions may be changed nearer the start of the match once the final starting teams have been announced and we will be running ‘In-Play’ features Santarem (Agenzia Fides) - "Be courageous and daring opening yourselves with trust to the action of God who created everything gave himself to us in Jesus Christ and inspires us with the Spirit to proclaim the Gospel with a new commitment and contemplate the beauty of creation even more exuberant in these Amazonian lands where we experience the luminous presence of the Risen One" This is the exhortation that Pope Francis addressed to the participants of the Santarém meeting (IV Encontro da Igreja Católica na Amazônia Legal) which is taking place from June 6 to 9 in the same place that hosted the representatives of the Amazonian Churches in 1972 In addition to recalling the pastoral lines drawn at that time the event also focuses on the application of the indications that emerged from the Synod for the Amazon "This meeting in Santarém proposed lines of evangelization that marked the missionary action of the Amazonian communities and contributed to the formation of a solid ecclesial conscience" The ideas of this meeting also served to shed light on the reflections of the Synod Fathers during the recent Synod for the Pan-Amazonian region.. we find the dreams for the Amazonia which were reaffirmed in the last Synod I also rejoice in the commitment of the particular Churches of the Brazilian Amazon to continue the indications of the last Synodal Assembly through the beautiful and deep tradition of the meetings of the local Churches of the experience of synodality - as an expression of communion participation and mission - to which the whole Church is called" The 4th Meeting of the Catholic Church in the Legal Amazon is held at the Saint Pius X Seminary in Santarém and brings together around a hundred people representatives indigenous peoples and traditional communities According to the Archbishop of Cuiabá and second vice-president of the National Conference of Bishops of Brazil (CNBB) the Catholic Church intends to commit itself to walking together and to respond to today's challenges as shepherds close to the flock and challenged by the existential and geographical peripheries" The beginning of the meeting was marked by the celebration of the Eucharist presided over by the last ordained Bishop in the Brazilian Amazon Coadjutor Bishop of the Diocese of Bragança who invoked "the maternal intercession of Mary for all of us where so many realities still need resurrection" He then recalled that "the Cross for many of our brothers and sisters is still a reality every day our people walk carrying a Cross on these paths 'an Amazon that has yet to complete its redemption' The pilgrimage image of Nuestra Señora de Nazareth The participants were welcomed by the local Archbishop and by the president of the North region2 of the CNBB who underlined the importance of the meeting held 50 years ago and of the document elaborated: "a great light for the trip to the Amazon" called for the continuation of the process of a Church that presents itself more and more in the way of Jesus September 8, 2015JPEG An astronaut looked south from the International Space Station to capture this broad view of the winding brown Amazon River as it flows east (lower right to upper left) across Brazil Thin levees mark the main course of the river with much of the floodplain occupied by lakes which is in striking contrast with the dark blue of the Tapajós River Amazon water is light brown because it carries vast quantities of fine sediment that is eroded from the high Andes Mountains more than 2,000 kilometers (1,200 miles) upstream to the west The water in the Tapajós is clear because it drains out of the low rainforest and carries almost no sediment The spot where the Tapajós meets the Amazon resembles a great lake or estuary dammed behind a thin levee Water from the Amazon leaks into the Tapajós here This pattern of clear rivers dammed by levees of the muddy Amazon is common The city of Santarém sits near the point where the Amazon and the Tapajós meet Because rivers are the highways of the Amazon basin The largest river on Earth (the Amazon) allows ocean-going ships to dock at the city’s port even though the port lies 600 kilometers (400 miles) from the Atlantic Ocean the port facility was enhanced to allow for soybean processing The result has been a change in local land use from pasture to soy farming The deforested zones of farms and cattle pasture appear on both sides of the image Santarém also has river access to hundreds of miles of forest to the south via the Tapajós River View this area in EO Explorer Two rivers meet near the port city of Santarém in the interior of Brazil The impact of severe drought on the Negro River and other rivers in the basin is dramatically evident in this pair of images which show that every body of water has shrunk in 2010 compared to 2008 Heavy sediment loads play a role in making it one of the most sinuous rivers in the Amazon Basin Most of the sediment that flows into the Atlantic Ocean from the mouth of the river comes from thousands of miles upstream the waters of the Amazon surrounded the villages near its confluence with the Negro River seeping into the cleared land and filling what had been pale green angular shapes with murky brown water Por un futuro en el que los humanos vivan en armonía con la naturaleza WWF® and ©1986 Panda Symbol are owned by WWF You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience. By continuing to use this website, you agree to the use of cookies in order to offer you content and services that are tailored to your interests. a nonchalant middle school teacher who is always late doesn't imagine she'll make it her life-long career Today is the Day Against Violence and Julia doesn't pay attention when 15-year-old Ethan tries to confide in her Trip to Santarém recounts the story of her path toward listening as well as representatives based in the U.S The organisation currently brings together more than 1,000 French cinema and TV content professionals (producers etc.) working together to promote French films and TV programmes among foreign audiences Interview with two travel nurses: https://nurse.org/articles/travel-nurse-pay-off-debt-rv/ I had the wonderful opportunity to go to Santarém Brazil for one month to learn about another country’s healthcare and experience a new culture It was the perfect mixture of learning and serving We visited many different healthcare services located in Santarém: clinics an epidemiological research center of tropical diseases an herbal and holistic health treatment center These are just some of the many services provided in Santarém; there are also private healthcare clinics that we did not visit It was shocking to see the Municipal Hospital so over-crowded There were minimal patient rooms available and hundreds of people waiting in the ER for a bed this is the only hospital available for immediate care as the Regional Hospital only has 150 beds and requires referrals (typically critical cases from the Municipal Hospital) Visiting these public hospitals and clinics will impact my future nursing career by making me appreciate my coworkers we met a nurse that was responsible for 36 Med-Surg patients Although she was working alone on the unit and there is typically another nurse present she shared that typically nurses are responsible for 20-35 patients This was shocking to me and will impact my future nursing career when nurse: patient ratios are off and I am caring for 6+ patients and stressed This was not the only unit where there was overcrowding of patients and not enough nurses it amazed me to see how well the available nurses worked to care for their patients They worked together and accomplished goals The Municipal Hospital is also short-staffed of doctors; doctors visit the units (non-ICU) only once per day this leaves a lot of responsibility for the nurses It was inspiring to see the nurses care for the patients; they provided healthcare plus did several “doctor” responsibilities (although outside of nursing realm in the US it is allowed in Brazil) including prescribing medications This will impact my future nursing career by reminding me of the many roles a nurse can play for a patient and that I will likely have the opportunity to form the closest relationship with a patient as a nurse My experience in Brazil was eye-opening in so many ways My time in Santarém made me acknowledge how I take healthcare for granted I live minutes away from a distinguished and technologically advanced hospital there are countless options to choose from I have easy access to healthcare and treatment is available 24/7 We visited multiple river communities during our trip Several rural river communities neighboring Santarém typically receive monthly healthcare visits by a team on a boat there are conflicts between city hall and a local university over this health boat the health boat has not visited many of these river communities since October One specific community that we visited had a nurse who lived there and served people from surrounding communities too but the communities have not seen a doctor in months unless they took their own boat several hours away to Santarém I was very frustrated with the “politics” that was preventing the perfectly-working boat from serving people After seeing the lack of healthcare in these rural river communities I had a better understanding of what it is like for rural Americans as well As a future nurse likely working in Morgantown I will see many patients from rural areas who may not have frequent access to and availability of healthcare It will be my responsibility to educate both how to prevent illnesses and manage current diseases I saw firsthand how important the role of the nurse is especially because visits from doctors are infrequent The nurse has a vital role in primary prevention efforts because treatment and healthcare access is minimal WVU is dedicated to providing a safe learning living and patient care environment for our students © 2025 West Virginia University WVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action employer — Minority/Female/Disability/Veteran The rainforest is starting to release its carbon Photographs by Dado Galdieri/Hilaea Media for Nature Video by Patrick Vanier/Hilaea Media for Nature deforestation and other human threats are driving the Amazon towards the limits of survival Researchers are racing to chart its future The Pulitzer Center in Washington DC supported travel for Daniel Grossman and for photographer Dado Galdieri and videographer Patrick Vanier This article is also available as a pdf version Luciana Gatti stares grimly out of the window of the small aircraft as it takes off from the city of Santarém the plane passes over a 30-kilometre stretch of near-total ecological devastation filled with emerald-green corn stalks and newly clear-cut plots where the rainforest once stood a climate scientist at the National Institute for Space Research in São José dos Campos Gatti is part of a broad group of scientists attempting to forecast the future of the Amazon rainforest The land ecosystems of the world together absorb about 30% of the carbon dioxide released by burning fossil fuels; scientists think that most of this takes place in forests and the Amazon is by far the world’s largest contiguous forest Rows of black-pepper plants grow in a field near Santarém that was formerly rainforest Gatti has collected air samples over the Amazon in planes such as this one to monitor how much CO2 the forest absorbs she reported data from 590 flights that showed that the Amazon forest’s uptake — its carbon sink — is weak over most of its area1 transforming the climate across a vast swathe of the Amazon2 closed-canopy forest would no longer exist Gatti’s observations seem to show the early signs of what he forecast A dealership for the farming equipment company John Deere sits at the edge of the rainforest in Santarém “What we were predicting to happen perhaps in two or three decades is already taking place,” says Nobre who was one of a dozen co-authors of the paper with Gatti where the Tapajós River joins the Amazon River to join Gatti and other scientists trying to determine whether the forest is heading for an irreversible transformation towards a degraded form of savannah Another big question is whether the forest can still be saved by slowing climate change halting Amazon deforestation and restoring its damaged lands The large-scale deforestation we saw from the air is the most visible threat to the Amazon an ecologist at the University of Oxford and Lancaster University has found that even intact forest is no longer as healthy as it once was because of forces such as climate change and the impacts of agriculture that spill beyond farm borders reported that such changes were having effects across 38% of the intact Amazon forest3 Gatti first visited Santarém in the late 1990s when most of the farming in this part of the Amazon was practised by smallholders for subsistence purposes she’s astounded by the scale of destruction that has ravaged the jungle Gatti’s voice crackles over the plane’s intercom “They are killing the forest to transform everything into soy beans.” The plane that collects air samples for Gatti is housed in a cavernous hangar at Santarém airport she visits the hangar to meet with Washington Salvador Gatti checks on the rugged plastic suitcases she has had shipped to Santarém and stored in her tiny office at the airport are 12 sturdy glass flasks the size and shape of one-litre soft-drink bottles Luciana Gatti (right) prepares for a flight that will collect air samples over the Amazon forest Climate scientist Luciana Gatti stands at the top of a tower above the canopy watching one of the aeroplanes that collects air samples over the forest Luciana Gatti discusses threats to the rainforest The problem is that we are advancing a lot in deforestation There is a moratorium that is not being obeyed When we compare the size of the deforested area from 2010 to 2018 and look at the years 2019 and 2020 which were part of the Bolsonaro government we see an increase in 70% of planted areas for soy Gatti doesn’t need to accompany Salvador when he collects the samples because she gets air sick flying in small planes The pilots who work with her fly twice a month to a specific sampling location Once they reach an altitude of 4,420 metres over a landmark opening valves and turning on a compressor that fills the first flask with air taken through a nozzle from outside sometimes barely 100 metres above the ground In her laboratory at the National Institute for Space Research Gatti measures the amount of CO2 in the samples She calculates how much the forest soaks up (or releases) by comparing her measurements with those taken over the Atlantic Ocean which is upstream of the trade winds that blow over the Amazon This patch of the rainforest in the eastern Amazon has been carved up into an array of fields (Video contains the sound of an aeroplane engine) Flasks used for sampling air above the rainforest Luciana Gatti and her colleagues use these samples to determine how carbon dioxide moves into and out of the forest an atmospheric scientist at Colorado State University in Fort Collins who has collaborated with Gatti says that her research has been an “amazingly logistically difficult project” is that she’s done it over and over and over again Air samples taken over the Amazon rainforest at five sites (orange dots) track the movement of carbon dioxide into and out of the forest between 2010 and 2018 By measuring the total flow of carbon (black) and subtracting that released by fires (grey) researchers calculate the net flux (orange) Negative values indicate carbon sinks — areas that absorb more than they naturally emit Nature publications remain neutral with regard to contested jurisdictional claims in published maps A trio of grain silos stands near the edge of Santarém Brazil’s Forest Code is supposed to protect the country’s woods One key provision requires that in the Amazon But many scientists and forest activists argue that lax enforcement makes it too easy to circumvent the law and that fines for not complying aren’t effective deterrents because they are rarely paid people often get title to public or Indigenous land that they illegally occupy and clear an ecologist at Brazil’s National Institute for Research in Amazonia in Manaus “Brazil is basically the only country where you can still go into the forest and start clearing and expect to come out with a land title It’s like the Wild West of North America in the eighteenth century.” After a one-hour drive south from Santarém we meet the Indigenous chief — the cacique — of the tiny village of Açaizal in the reservation known as Terra Munduruku do Planalto He sits on a deck at a rough-hewn wooden table positioned so he can watch for unwanted outsiders who might drive past his surname is the same as his tribe — says that decades ago non-Indigenous homesteaders began establishing smallholdings on land that he and his ancestors had occupied for generations He says that they built houses and opened up cattle pastures without ever asking permission or obtaining legal rights Previous generations of his community didn’t object “Our parents did not have this type of understanding — they were not concerned about it,” he says The land eventually ended up in the hands of commercial growers who buy up adjacent plots then raze huge swathes of jungle “They do not care about these trees from which we extract medicine He says that his community has tried unsuccessfully to get help from the government to recover some of the land Maize (corn) grows in a field in the Munduruku territory next to intact rainforest A farmer harvests a field in a deforested area near Santarém The high value of some tropical hardwoods also threatens the forest a timber-mill worker sends a massive log through an industrial saw which slices off a plank as thick as an encyclopedia Other workers shape the rough board into standard dimensions came to the state of Pará from Mato Grosso state 17 years ago “We came to Pará because there was plenty of virgin forest left,” he says The situation in Mato Grosso is different: since the mid-1980s roughly 40% of its rainforest has been cut down4 Veronese’s mill saws up about 2,000 giant trees mostly for high-end flooring and porch decks in the United States and Europe he says that he takes only “sustainably harvested” wood come from state-regulated logging operations that practise selective logging leaving the remaining trees to grow and fill gaps in the canopy And he says that his company follows the government’s rules for selective logging which require firms to take steps to reduce their impact But many ecologists say that the selective logging permitted by the Forest Code is often not sustainable That’s because the trees that are removed are generally slow-growing species with dense wood whereas the species that grow back have less-dense wood so they absorb less carbon in the same space And few companies follow the requirements for selective logging such as limiting road construction or the number of trees cut “About 90% of selective logging in the Amazon is estimated as illegal and therefore doesn’t follow any of these procedures,” says Berenguer A sawmill processes logs from the rainforest on the outskirts of Santarém It takes patience and perseverance to monitor the Amazon for long periods Berenguer and her team have been measuring 6,000 trees in the Tapajós National Forest every three months since 2015 they estimate changes in the amount of biomass in the forest and atmospheric measurements such as Gatti’s are two common techniques climate scientists use to study the uptake and release of carbon The censuses directly measure the amount of carbon (in the form of wood) in a forest If paired with measurements of debris on the ground and CO2 released from soil But censuses look only at a limited number of sites Atmospheric measurements can assess the combined impact of changes in forests at regional and even continental scales But it’s hard to decipher the cause of any changes they show Berenguer began monitoring more than 20 plots in and around the Tapajós forest Her goal was to compare the carbon uptake of primary forest with that of jungle degraded by selective logging — legal and otherwise an unprecedented heat wave and drought hit the eastern Amazon killing hundreds of trees that she’d measured at least twice She recalls the day in 2015 that she visited a recently scorched plot Tree number 114 is burning,’” Her equipment was destroyed “I just collapsed crying; just sat down in the ashes.” But by the time this long dry season ended fires had scorched one million hectares of primary forest in the eastern Amazon killing an estimated 2.5 billion trees and producing as much CO2 as Brazil releases from burning fossil fuels in a year5 she saw the chance to study a problem that is expected to become increasingly common: the combined effect of multiple issues fires and human degradation caused by selective logging and clear-cutting A patch of former rainforest in the Munduruku territory has been cleared of trees and will be burnt before it is planted The impacts and fires spread into the rainforest beyond the edge of the field On a tour of where Berenguer’s team works in the Tapajós forest The forest has grown back with plenty of vegetation including some fast-growing species that are already as thick as telephone poles But there are none of the giants that can be found elsewhere in the forest Alves and Oliveira take Gatti and me to a site three kilometres up the highway that has never been selectively logged or clear cut It’s dimmer here because the high canopy is so thick And it’s noticeably cooler: not only do the trees block sunlight but they also transpire vast quantities of water Gatti marvels at the size of a Brazil-nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa) that forms part of the canopy How much water this tree puts into the air.” Luciana Gatti stands between the buttresses of a giant samauma tree (Ceiba pentandra) which she often visits on trips to the eastern Amazon Berenguer and a team of co-authors from Brazil and Europe published a study5 of carbon uptake and tree mortality in her plots during the first three years after the 2015–16 burning They compared plots that had been selectively logged or had burnt in the years before 2015–16 with ones that had not been logged or burnt The study found that more trees died in degraded plots Although plots that weren’t degraded fared the best in her study Berenguer says that there is no such thing as “pristine forest” any more Climate change has warmed the entire Amazon forest by 1 °C in the past 60 years Amazon rainfall has not changed appreciably where dry-season rainfall decreased by 34% between 1979 and 20181 the season now lasts about 4 weeks longer than it did 40 years ago the measurable effects of climate change on the forest are relatively subtle compared with those of direct human impacts such as logging an Earth-system modeller at Brazil’s University of Campinas says that deforestation alone can’t explain why the Amazon carbon sink has weakened — and has reversed in the southeast published an analysis this year noting that carbon emissions resulting from degradation equal — or exceed — those from clear-cutting deforestation3 The area of intact Amazon forest that has been degraded by different forces exceeds the area that has been deforested by clear-cutting Three main drivers of degradation are fires selective timber extraction and edge effects that harm the forest near areas that have been cleared or burnt Severe droughts can also cause degradation 5.5% of total remaining Amazon forest degraded even intact forest with no obvious local human impacts is accumulating less carbon than it used to A 2015 analysis6 of 321 plots of Amazon primary forest with no overt human impacts reported “a long-term decreasing trend of carbon accumulation” A similar study7 published in 2020 reported the same things in the Congo Basin forest — the world’s second-largest tropical jungle when censuses indicated that such primary forest in the Amazon was storing more carbon There is no consensus explanation for these slowdowns or why primary forest was accumulating carbon But many researchers suspect that the carbon gains in previous decades stem from the influence of extra CO2 in the atmosphere In some studies that expose large forest plots to elevated CO2 known as free-air carbon enrichment (FACE) experiments researchers have measured gains in biomass But this effect lasted only a few years in one experiment8 and other studies have not yet determined whether the gains are temporary All of the forest FACE experiments have so far been conducted in temperate regions And many scientists suspect that tropical forests — and the Amazon in particular — might follow different rules The first tropical-forest FACE experiment is finally under construction Nobre says that it could help to predict whether continued increases in CO2 will benefit the Amazon Nobre and his students have used computer models to forecast how climate change and deforestation will affect the Amazon from work in the 1970s showing that the Amazon forest itself helps to create the conditions that nourish it9 Moisture blowing in from the Atlantic falls as rain in the eastern Amazon and is then transpired and blown farther west It recycles several times before reaching the Andes A smaller or seriously degraded forest would recycle less water and eventually might not be able to support the lush In their 2016 study2, Nobre and several colleagues estimated the Amazon would reach a tipping point if the planet warms by more than 2.5 °C above pre-industrial temperatures and if 20–25% of the Amazon is deforested. The planet is on track to reach 2.5 °C of warming by 2100, according to a report released by the United Nations last October Nobre now wonders whether his earlier study was too conservative “What Luciana Gatti’s paper shows is that this whole area in the southern Amazon is becoming a carbon source.” He is convinced that although the Amazon is not at the tipping point yet director of the Max Planck Institute of Biogeochemistry in Jena is not a fan of using the term tipping point But she says that the forest’s future is in question “We all think of a tipping point as it’s going to happen and it’s going to happen fast I have a feeling that it’s going to be a gradual alteration of the ecosystem that we know is coming with climate change,” she says Regardless of whether the change will be fast or slow Trumbore agrees with the majority of scientists who study the Amazon that it is facing serious challenges that might have global ramifications Luciana Gatti climbs a tower that rises above the canopy in the rainforest Some of those challenges are directly linked to politics in the region Gatti and her colleagues reported that assaults on the Amazon — including deforestation burning and degradation — had increased dramatically in 2019 and 2020 as a result of declines in law enforcement And that doubled the carbon emissions from the region10 The fate of the Amazon is on Gatti’s mind as she climbs a lattice tower in the Tapajós forest — one of the landmarks her pilots fly over as they collect air samples The metal structure rattles and creaks as she ascends she gazes at the forest spreading in all directions out to the horizon “We are killing this ecosystem directly and indirectly,” she says “This is what scares me terribly and why it’s affecting me so much when I come here Trees in the rainforest pump tremendous amounts of water vapour into the atmosphere through the process of evapotranspiration. Cleared land releases much less moisture Daniel Grossman is a freelance reporter in Watertown Correction: A photo caption in an earlier version of this feature erroneously described a farmer as preparing a field near Santarém for planting Santarém has been put forward as a candidate city to relieve the capacity problems at Lisbon’s Humberto Delgado airport. Named after Fernão de Magalhães, Portuguese navigator and explorer, Magellan500 was developed by a consortium of private Portuguese business interests in collaboration with local bodies Magellan500 forecasts 50 million passengers An alternative to Lisbon airport has been talked about since 1969 31.1 million passengers passed through Humberto Delgado airport Magellan500 was presented in late November of 2022 storage and transport centers for hydrogen for aviation and renewable energy production parks with the promoters stressing that it is essential to use sustainable fuels to reduce the project’s environmental impacts It’s a strategic project that will become an asset to Santarém the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and to the entire Center region The last phase of the Porto-Lisbon high speed line depends on the location of the future airport in the capital however the current plan does not include Santarém since the last phase only leaves open the construction of the new line through Montijo or Alcochete Portugal’s Government has not revealed any preference for the moment about any of the alternatives There is a solution in which Humberto Delgado Airport remains as the main airport and Montijo as complementary; a second in which Montijo progressively acquires the status of main and Humberto Delgado as complementary; a third in which Alcochete fully replaces Humberto Delgado Airport; a fourth in which Alcochete will be the main airport and Santarém the complementary one and a fifth in which Santarém fully replaces Humberto Delgado There’s been some dissent regarding the potential new location of the airport The mayors of Porto and Lison do not see with favorable the solution of having the airport in Santarém “There is no European city with a main airport 85 kilometers away,” said Carlos Moedas “To have a reliable connection at such a distance is a big challenge.” the house is sited along the perimeter of its plot receiving distant views of the natural context the team at dp arquitectos organizes the dwelling with service areas consolidated along its northern end private spaces including bedroom along the southern facing end image by ivo tavares studio dp arquitectos organizes the centralized shared spaces of its house in santarém to broadly face a large patio and swimming pool the team seeks to maintain an element of privacy alongside this openness and to generate an harmonious relationship between the built space and its surrounding context the volumes and elevations of the santarém house are organized as a visual reference along the main road axis which runs through site.  in contrast to environmental insensitivity of its neighboring plots the project respects and maintains the pre-existing trees the team celebrates the valuable shade of their canopies under the intense heat of the ribatejo the team strives for an atmosphere that is comfortable and simple the team notes: ‘the search for simplicity is a complex process.’ project title: casa em santarém architecture: dp arquitectos photography: ivo tavares studio AXOR presents three bathroom concepts that are not merely places of function but destinations in themselves — sanctuaries of style  The Sanctuary's rector supports the Santarém alternative since he believes it is the best alternative for Fátima endorsed Santarém as the site for the future international airport arguing that it is the greatest option for the millions of pilgrims and tourists that come to visit Fátima and the central region of Portugal each year the Santarém hypothesis is the one that most pleases.” The rector also mentioned how concerned he is that “the remaining options move the airport away from the Central Region and Fátima” emphasising that the Sanctuary “will continue to monitor this process always with the aim of defending the best options for Fátima” more than 6.8 million people visited the Sanctuary which according to Carlos Cabecinhas justifies the need for an airport in Santarém In the opening session of the International Religious Tourism Workshops the new airport was also a topic under discussion the mayor of the Chamber of Ourém stating that “the construction of the new airport in Santarém constitutes an opportunity to boost tourist and economic activity for the region and the country.” Along the same line vice-president of the Regional Tourism Entity of Central Portugal argued that “it would be in the Centre of Portugal that the airport structure should be built More than 260 international buyers and suppliers from the tourism sector from 40 countries are going to participate in the International Workshops organized by the president of ACISO (Business Association Ourém-Fátima) This edition's workshop agenda includes around 5,000 brief interactions/meetings amongst agents within the industry The initiative's goals are to strengthen the importance of religious tourism in the context of the global tourist industry foster a network of commercial ties among participants and position Portugal as a preferred destination for religious tourism abroad Maybe an earthquake or a tsunami would compel authorities to build a new airport it is quite obvious for anyone with a brain that no new airport will be built in Lisbon Somewhere near Coimbra would be ideal as it is equidistant from Lisbon and Porto What's taking these ditherers so long I could be forgiven for thinking they're just waiting for the EU to pay for it ← → Kokoró Mekranotire has watched with dismay as outsiders have laid waste to ever-larger swaths of his Kayapó homeland and land grabbers have streamed illegally into and around the Indigenous territory a 40,000-square-mile expanse of forest the size of South Korea The patch of forest where Mekranotire used to collect Brazil nuts — a dense canopy of deep golden-brown trees standing almost 100 feet tall — was stripped Loggers have repeatedly entered Kayapó land “Those trees never should have been touched,” says Mekranotire, now 49 and working for the Kabu Institute a nonprofit that helps protect Kayapó land and develop sustainable businesses among its people “We had to fight to hold onto our land and let more trees grow.” Outsiders started arriving in droves in the 1970s with the opening of the federal BR-163 highway, which stretches 1,320 miles from Cuiabá in south-central Brazil to Santarém in the heart of the Amazon. BR-163 parallels Kayapó land and was fully paved by 2020 with the highway providing easy access for millions of tons of the commodity crop to reach Brazilian ports The paving also provided much easier outside access to two important Kayapó reserves, Menkragnoti and Baú, measuring more than 18,000 square miles and 6,000 square miles Illegal loggers and miners who used to arrive in a trickle “The kuben [white men] already had a lot of experience; they knew exactly what they were doing,” he says They told us the highway wouldn’t affect us as Brazil’s nationalist President Jair Bolsonaro continues his push to legalize a broad range of economic and extractive activities on Indigenous land plans are underway for a railway to help transport soybeans from the region’s burgeoning number of farms And even though the Kayapó are one of the strongest and best-known Indigenous groups in the Brazilian Amazon — they have led the fight for Indigenous rights for 40 years — Bolsonaro’s anti-Indigenous policies are posing a significant threat Subscribe to the E360 Newsletter for weekly updates delivered to your inbox. Sign Up “We’re fighting a war,” says Doto Takakire “A war against politicians who want to destroy us and our land.” far south of the Amazon River and in the states of Mato Grosso and Pará Kayapó land is the largest tract of Indigenous territory in Brazil and the largest swath of relatively pristine forest in the Amazon’s southeast a region known as the ”arc of deforestation.” Despite continuing incursions — the Kayapó lost 3 million acres of land on their eastern border to logging and other development in the 1980s and 1990s — the group’s territory retains remarkable biodiversity the Kayapó live in villages on the Xingu River and its tributaries The men fish and hunt animals such as tapir and make trips into the forest to collect Brazil nuts and aerial surveillance data so the Kayapó can patrol their 1,250 miles of border then there would definitely be no more forest at all,” says Renata Pinheiro senior manager for Indigenous people and social policies at Conservation International Brasil The Kayapó’s fight has been part of a larger movement to demand Indigenous land rights in Brazil following centuries of oppression. The implementation of Brazil’s Constitution in 1988, including article 231 which outlines those rights as well as the federal government’s responsibility to demarcate and protect the land mean that those theoretical protections would always work in practice all Indigenous land — Brazil has 305 Indigenous groups — would continue to come under threat whether or not the groups had already completed the slow process of demarcation and official government recognition have continued to impinge upon Indigenous territories The construction of the BR-163 highway was part of the National Integration Plan implemented by Brazil’s military dictatorship — a project designed to bring Indigenous groups under government control Anything and anyone in the way would be removed By the time the highway opened in 1976, many Kayapó had succumbed to outbreaks of disease brought to the region by outsiders, and just 20 percent of the Kayapó living on what would become the Baú reserve survived They no longer had access to the Jamanxim River and lost 1,158 square miles of land to wildcat miners which they agreed to give up in exchange for what would be an empty promise to put an end to invasions of their territory jumping from 4,450 square miles in 2000 to more than 12,580 square miles in 2018 Land grabbers: The growing assault on Brazil’s Indigenous areas. Read more And deforestation on Indigenous land itself — illegal in Brazil under federal law — hasn’t stopped. A recent study from the research institute showed that almost 67,000 acres of forest in the state of Pará were lost to unauthorized logging between August 2019 and July 2020 The region’s ever-expanding network of highways has also “given loggers access to areas that were previously unreachable.” It is also where some of them put pressure on the Kayapó Takakire says he was approached several times by loggers in town Because of his ability to speak to Indigenous people living in Baú and Menkragnoti the loggers thought he could convince the Kayapó to give them permission to work on their land they offered Takakire $10,000 Brazilian reais ($2,000) for his trouble they upped it to $20,000 Brazilian reais ($4,000) “I defend my people’s interests,” Takakire says the railway would run 580 miles between Sinop an important port city for the flow of agricultural commodities in the Amazon The railroad’s main objective: to transport soy Soy production in Brazil is soaring, reaching an estimated 134 million tons last year and making the country the world’s third-largest soy producer. A study published last year noted that soy was responsible for 10 percent of deforestation across South America in the last 20 years and that “the most rapid expansion occurred in the Brazilian Amazon where soybean area increased more than tenfold.” The Kayapó living on the Baú and Menkragnoti reserves don’t need to see these numbers to know that soy is taking over the region The constant flow of trucks carrying soybeans on highway BR-163 makes it obvious knows that the proposed railroad will bring more soy farmers close to Kayapó land 60 percent at levels above what is considered safe Contamination among riverside villagers jumped to 90 percent “We’ve had some babies born with developmental problems,” says Bepdjo Mekragnotire Mining is illegal on Kayapó territory, but legal on adjacent land, with the requirement that the Kayapó are consulted regarding possible environmental and health effects. Nevertheless, mining is rampant where the Kayapó live, occasionally with the involvement of some Kayapó. Rich in gold, the entire region has attracted everything from the smallest wildcat operations to some of the biggest mining giants, including Serabi Gold a company headquartered in the UK that owns and operates two gold mining complexes in the region Ever since Jair Bolsonaro campaigned for president in 2018, vowing to open up Indigenous land to mining and end federal recognition of Indigenous territories, the Kayapó have been feeling the pressure. Since then, the president has repeated his promises several times, saying two months after his election “I will not demarcate one more square centimeter of Indigenous land.” An Amazon defender stands up for her land and her people. Read more I feared that the white men who came to our village were there to kill us and to take what was valuable from our land,” says Bekwyitexo Kayapó chief of the Pukany village on the Menkragnoti reserve I know that they’ve come to kill us in a different way Jill Langlois is an independent journalist based in São Paulo, Brazil. She has been reporting from South America since 2010, writing for publications including National Geographic, The New York Times, Smithsonian Magazine, Al Jazeera, the Los Angeles Times, and the Associated Press. More about Jill Langlois → Never miss an article. Subscribe to the E360 Newsletter → Brazil — The landscape near the indigenous Munduruku villages of Santarém What was once an immense plain in the heart of the Amazon the humid home to dense forests full of delicacies like açaí and pupunha palms In 2017, the municipality’s harvest was the largest in a decade consolidating the takeover of what is called the Santarém Plain The expansion of agribusiness has had grave consequences for the indigenous people living there They say their villages are constantly poisoned by pesticides, used on crops without any controls. “We can smell [the pesticides], it ruins our lunch,” Luciene Sousa, who lives in the village of Açaizal, told the Indigenous Missionary Council, a Catholic Church-affiliated organization, in November 2019 According to the Public Prosecutor’s Office the spraying occurs less than 10 meters (33 feet) from the indigenous homes and farms The agency says that “necessary safety measures have not been adopted [by the farmers] in the [pesticide] spraying areas.” It also reports the silting of streams in the area a current complaint of the indigenous people The history of the Munduruku people is marked by delays in demarcating their reservation Around 600 Munduruku live in four villages south of Lake Maicá which is fed by the Amazon and Tapajós rivers they grow traditional fruits like graviola (soursop) and grow manioc — their main input for artisanal flour production there is pressure on the land due to the advance of soybean farming They raise very few cashew or graviola trees anymore The pesticides contaminate everything,” Gilson Rego There are concerns about the unchecked use of pesticides. A study carried out in 2015 by researchers at the University of Brasilia showed high risk of exposure of the inhabitants to pesticides, especially those with glyphosate in their composition queasiness and nausea are common within the community And there are more serious cases — including respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses — from exposure to the pesticides including chickens that sometimes die from poisoning after eating soybeans from the neighboring farms The onslaught of agribusiness is also a threat to the streams in the villages “They [indigenous people] are digging artesian wells to survive but it’s complicated because the water seems to be nearly all contaminated,” said Rego who has been visiting the region for nearly 20 years The Public Prosecutor’s Office has noted the damage due to soybean farming near the villages “Our investigation has observed that the farms with infrastructure associated with the open branches [dirt roads that cut through the area] have caused the stream in Açaizal to be full of silt,” told the prosecutor’s office to Mongabay It acknowledges that there are “no practices in place to control erosion from the grain fields located along the stream or along the community’s access road.” Prosecutors have filed a lawsuit against the Pará state government and the municipality of Santarém because of the harm done to the indigenous people The State Attorney General’s Office refutes this it confirmed that there was “surveillance in areas deforested because of soybean farming,” but that “the state has emitted no authorization for execution of illegal actions within or near to this reserve.” The Santarém City Hall did not respond to requests for comment  The arrival of agribusiness on the Santarém Plain is relatively recent Farmers were attracted by the flat expanse and easy access for shipping via nearby highways and rivers The turning point was in 2003, when commodities giant Cargill opened a grain port in Santarém. “There was a political push to make [Santarém] into a soybean hub what happened was a huge increase in land grabbing which overran the people of the forest,” Rego said An operation carried out by the Federal Police in 2004 found that public land in the region had been illegally sold The scheme involved more than 500,000 hectares (1.2 million acres about half the size of Jamaica) sold without title including land belonging to indigenous groups and Afro-Brazilian quilombola communities as well as also land destined for agrarian reform The case is still dragging on and hundreds of fraudulent requests for legal documentation remain “The region is mostly public and federal land and has been locked up All requests for land legalization have been suspended,” the prosecutor’s office said Some of the supposed landowners have come forward to have a say in the demarcation of reservation land the Pará state wholesale food supply center None of them responded to inquiries from Mongabay “SIRSAN has the right to stand up for its members but that doesn’t give it the right to get in the way of the field work [of defining boundaries of the reservation] nor to refer to indigenous people in a racist manner which is a crime,” the Federal Prosecutor’s Office said together with regularization of land documentation for the area is the most important measure in confronting the conflicts.” the federal agency in charge of indigenous affairs confirmed that it carries out studies to identify the boundaries of the reservation  The Munduruku have been fighting an uphill battle to regain possession of their land in Santarém for the past 12 years Funai promised to deliver the studies for demarcation of the Santarém Plain Indigenous Territory by Dec the organization failed to comply with three judicial orders to resume field work also switched out the members of the group tasked with mapping the boundaries of the proposed reserve The Pará Federal Justice Department called the measure “an offense to the principle of legality” and said the Funai leadership had “presented no motive” for the change It’s not just the Munduruku who have been subject to Xavier’s whims four other working groups in Funai saw their members transferred out The measures have made it impossible to meet deadlines for demarcation of the Aracá-Padauiri reserve in Amazonas state the Serrote dos Campos reserve in Pernambuco and the Tuxá de Surubabel reserve in Bahia telling Mongabay that “it was an administrative management move whose validity is defined in the Constitution and by law.” Critics say the changes are part of the tactics used by the current administration to slow down the demarcation process for new reserves at the time the minister of justice and public security blocked the demarcation processes for 17 other reserves by effectively questioning their merit Moro deferred to a controversial “time frame” provision conceived by the previous administration of Michel Temer which states that only areas occupied by indigenous people since before 1988 can be recognized The provision has been harshly criticized as a setback for indigenous peoples Funai falls under the authority of the justice ministry who shot into the national spotlight as the judge overseeing the sweeping Operation Car Wash corruption probe from 2014 resigned from Bolsonaro’s cabinet in April citing undue interference by the president in the justice ministry Banner image of Graciene Munduruku on her traditional farm by Tiago Miotto/CIMI This story was first reported by Mongabay’s Brazil team and published here on our Brazil site on April 8 You don't have permission to access the page you requested What is this page?The website you are visiting is protected.For security reasons this page cannot be displayed Brazil (CNS) -- Marluce Coelho has mixed feelings about the college scholarship that has made her one of about 300 students of Afro-Brazilian descent studying at the Federal University of Western Para "It is hard to realize that I am only able to study because my grandfather was a slave," said Coelho is one of about 300 students at the university who are from quilombos communities founded by slaves who escaped from forced labor or who were freed after Brazil officially abolished slavery in 1888 But although slavery as an institution no longer exists forms of forced labor persist in the country And "quilombolos," as the residents of quilombos are known still suffer from the racism and discrimination that made the brutal slave trade possible in the first place the students encounter prejudice from people who belittle them because of their dark skin or doubt their ancestry because their skin is lighter or why we are so white," said Jose Henrique de Jesus Pinto one of the leaders of the quilombolos organization at the university That's a big concern of the communities around here." The students hail from quilombos along the Tapajos River it is home to at least 10 indigenous groups some of which live several weeks by river from Santarem Although much of the region is heavily forested It also led to construction of dams on the Tapajos River and its main tributaries and partly to tame rapids on the rivers so farmers can ship grain to the port at Santarem Those changes have disrupted traditional life in the quilombos along the lower part of the Tapajos River where people mainly fish or farm small plots of land Their communities are now under siege from soy plantations that encroach on their lands as well as from dams that disrupt their traditional fishing practices and mines that pollute the water a quilombo about an hour by road from Santarem have watched soy farms expand to the borders of their community They say the chemicals sprayed on the crops poison their water when crops on the large neighboring farms are sprayed as often as once a week between December and August giving children headaches and sometimes killing chickens in homes near the fields Now quilombolos along the river worry about a new threat a proposed port facility that would occupy their traditional fishing grounds and cut off their river route to the city where they sell or purchase goods in markets which will affect the community's traditional food supply The risk is even greater because like the many quilombos Bom Jardim does not have a communal land title that would protect the residents against outsiders who might try to take their property That is partly because the community has a complicated past who promised to leave it to the couple's slaves when she died "You have to understand where you came from and that there is a movement behind you." the workers formed a free community and remained on the land Bom Jardim's residents generally make a living by fishing farming small plots and foraging in the forest beyond the cluster of houses which fall from giant trees early in the year but soy farmers fell and burn the trees to clear land The environmental impact study for the port project concluded that there would be no effect on traditional communities but dos Santos and other community leaders disagree The quilombos and indigenous communities near the proposed port site should be consulted before the plan can go ahead Some local politicians are trying to avoid a consultation by claiming that the quilombos are not traditional communities is fighting to obtain title to its land to give it a stronger position The quilombos have formed a federation to fight for territorial rights president of the association of residents of Tiningu A community leader was murdered in 2018 and Mota has received death threats The Tiningu quilombo is caught between the soy and corn plantations that are invading the neighboring indigenous community of Acaizal and the planned port which will obliterate the local fishing grounds Mota and other leaders are fighting for the community to obtain title to its land -- a task complicated by a private estate that remains inside the community's territory He and other quilombolo leaders in the area are also fighting for the right to be consulted about the plans for port construction Young people from Tiningu are among those now studying at the university in Santarem "You have to understand where you came from and that there is a movement behind you," said Evilane dos Santos Clemente Her community is affected by runoff from mining Others have seen fishing grounds wiped out by dam construction and several are studying the possible impacts of construction of the port the students are aware that they owe that opportunity to people who came before who fought for the right to an education but who may not have been able to enjoy it themselves Coverage of the Catholic News Service Amazon series was supported in part by Aid to the Church in Need-USA (www.acnusa.org) and the USCCB Collection for the Church in Latin America Password reset instructions will be sent to your registered email address As a frequent reader of our website, you know how important America’s voice is in the conversation about the church and the world. 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Please contact us at members@americamedia.org with any questions We help Amazon farmers and ranchers comply with Brazil's Forest Code Conversion to agriculture and cattle ranching is the greatest threat to the Amazon rainforest scientists predict that more than half of the Amazon could be cleared or severely degraded within decades The Conservancy believes that the key to reverse this trend and reconcile the demand for production with conservation is an extraordinarily prescient Brazilian law - the Forest Code farmers and ranchers should retain 80% of their lands under native vegetation Our work is founded on creating realistic incentives for compliance with the law We work in several municipalities in the Brazilian Amazon some of them with the highest deforestation rates in the region: The Conservancy is rapidly becoming known as the organization in Brazil that can enable all levels of Brazilian government to enforce the country’s Forest Code We will continue to collaborate with the local government to improve its environmental monitoring system for implementation of Brazil’s Forest Code In a district with 21 municipalities and a total of 424,973 inhabitants (2021) Coruche and Chamusca are the municipalities that are in the process of applying for the 1st Law program with the Institute of Housing and Urban Rehabilitation (IHRU) Of the collaboration agreements signed so far with the IHRU with a planned investment of 30.7 million euros (28 million guaranteed by the IHRU) aimed at providing decent housing to 357 households (888 people) is the one that presents the largest project in the district told Lusa that there are seven procedures in place to hire among the 11 selected under the international public tender launched by the Intermunicipal Community of Lezíria do Tejo (CIMLT) CIMLT selected 11 design offices and eight to review housing construction and rehabilitation projects with the aim of accelerating procedures and allowing the six municipalities concerned (Almeirim Rio Maior and Santarém) to take advantage of financing under the Recovery and Resilience Plan (PRR) which only do not contemplate the values of VAT with it being fundamental to have the possession of the land and housing that are to be acquired and the technical projects elaborated "for when the PRR notices come out" stressed to Lusa the executive secretary of CIMLT the municipality proposes to acquire land for the construction of single-family (39) and collective (128) housing both for collective (40) and family (24) social housing and for housing (15) "it is fundamental" for the IHRU to review the benchmark that determines the eligible investment taking into account the current cost of construction per square meter which presents a differential of about 30% in relation to what is considered by that institute Mação is the municipality of the district of Santarém with the lowest value project providing for the provision of housing for 10 households (14 people) through the acquisition and rehabilitation of buildings the amount shared by the IHRU is around 107 million euros part non-repayable and part in subsidised loans and the municipalities can go to get the money that is due to them from the PRR Alcanena was the first municipality in the district to enter into an agreement with the IHRU and the executive elected (in the municipalities of September of that year) negotiated an addendum in order to replace new construction exclusively with rehabilitation With the new agreement approved in September 2022 the Alcanena program went from 117 planned dwellings to 188 raising the investment from 8 to 14 million euros According to the municipality chaired by Rui Anastácio (PSD/CDS/MPT coalition) there are currently several projects underway to submit applications in a planned investment of 18.9 million euros 15.3 million of which are shared by the IHRU (8.8 million non-reimbursable and 6.4 million in subsidized loan) told Lusa that the municipality is negotiating the acquisition of housing in several parishes of the municipality and moving forward with the preparation of projects some to be carried out by the municipality's own services and others by the offices selected by CIMLT Abrantes wants to invest 9.3 million euros (7.4 million of which are shared by the IHRU) acquisition and construction of a total of 99 houses (246 people) and Alpiarça proposes to invest in social housing and rehabilitation 5.2 million euros 4.2 million of which are shared by the IHRU the program of 4.2 million euros (2.7 million IHRU) provides for investments in municipal housing acquisition and rehabilitation of 41 dwellings (96 people) while Constância plans to invest about 1 million euros for the construction of six dwellings and thermal rehabilitation in about 20 municipal social housing dwellings The Entroncamento plan foresees an investment of 12.2 million euros (10.9 million guaranteed by the IHRU) in 184 dwellings (444 people) in social and rented neighborhoods with Ferreira do Zêzere's investment of 2.5 million euros (2.2 million shared) aimed at meeting the needs of 27 households (62 people) The municipality of Golegã contracted 2.2 million euros (2 million IHRU) for social housing and construction (45 households - 115 people) with the investment of Rio Maior (9.3 million euros 3.6 million IHRU) intended for 88 dwellings (314 people) with Ourém foreseeing investments of more than 1.5 million euros the municipality expects to invest 2.9 million euros (fully insured by the IHRU) in the acquisition and construction of 24 houses (91 people) with the Sardoal program (2.5 million euros 2.3 million IHRU) for the rehabilitation of 52 dwellings (156 people) Tomar wants to respond to the needs of 202 households (566 people) with an investment of 12.7 million euros (11.6 million IHRU) in rehabilitation have already seen their applications approved the plan covers 53 households (137 people) in an estimated investment of 3.1 million euros (2.9 million IHRU) for rehabilitation construction and acquisition of land for construction Alessandra Munduruku liderou ato em Santarém (PA) contra Cargill e Ferrogrão: 'trilhos da destruição' - Leandro Barbosa/Amazon Watch The railroad project is defended by agribusiness giants and repudiated by Indigenous and Quilombola peoples Alongside banners and posters calling for "No Ferrogrão", Indigenous leader Alessandra Korap Munduruku chanted the motto "Cargill out" Protesters who are on the route of the almost 1000 km railroad say they were not consulted about its socio-environmental impacts including the deforestation of 50,000 km² an area larger than the state of Rio de Janeiro The destination of the soy and corn crops devastating the Amazon in western Pará the Cargill’s bulk terminal was built on an ancestral burial ground of the Tapajó people and has led to a boom in agricultural commodities in protected areas and cases of human rights violations against Indigenous peoples and traditional communities one of the world's largest grain traders owns food brands that are popular among Brazilians The multinational company is one of the main stakeholders in the construction of Ferrogrão a railroad facing strong opposition from Indigenous leaders in the Amazon.  Cargill told Brasil de Fato it "does not participate in the consortium formed to build Ferrogrão." However the company was one of those responsible for hiring the consultancy group that prepared the initial study of the railroad in 2016 In a speech last year during an agribusiness event Cargill is "in the dock" this Monday (4) organizations of affected populations are meeting in a people's court to hold a symbolic trial of the railroad with the participation of Indigenous people settlers and other residents of the harmed area Ferrogrão is a huge railroad project crossing Itaituba (also in Pará state) Its cost is estimated at BRL 24 billion and a concession period of 69 years :: Vale, JBS and Braskem: know Brazil's 'climate villains' companies that preached sustainability at COP28 :: Cargill and Dreyfus are promoting the project as well as soybean and corn producers in the Brazilian Midwest who want to make exporting grains cheaper.   Ferrogrão is driven by the federal government and Brazil’s Supreme Court Brazil’s Supreme Court (also known as STF) suspended the analysis of the constitutionality of the railroad construction due to pending technical studies The issue will be decided again in March this year by Justice Alexandre de Moraes in the context of the Direct Action for Unconstitutionality (Adin in Portuguese) that led to the temporary suspension of the project Moraes authorized the resumption of Ferrogrão studies and allowed the creation of a Ministry of Transport Working Group to monitor the issue said the federal government would make changes to the railroad project to enable the environmental licensing of the work Get our news on your inbox! Suscribe x MercoPress, en Español Montevideo, May 6th 2025 - 12:34 UTC Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva has signed into law an amendment to the Statute of Racial Equality requiring the inclusion of race and ethnicity information in administrative employee records in the public and private sectors The move is intended to “promote ethnic equality and combat social inequalities resulting from racism,” according to the federal government Law 14.553/23 also mandates a survey conducted every five years by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics to measure the percentage of occupation of these segments in the public sector The government aims to produce information that can help overcome racial stigmas and guide public policy implementation A minimum of 30% of commissioned and trust positions in the federal administration will be allocated to black people in accordance with the decision announced by the government during the celebrations of the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination Paulo Rená da Silva Santarém a legal collective dedicated to the analysis of law calling it “absolutely necessary data that actually comes late.” According to him producing reliable empirical data is essential to support policies aimed at overcoming structural racism in Brazil While there may be discrepancies between declaration and registration producing this data will help objectify the fight for racial equality Santarém highlights that racism in the workplace is easy to notice pointing out the absence of black people in management positions “If there is no deliberately anti-racist policy racism automatically manifests itself,” he added Commenting for this story is now closed.If you have a Facebook account, become a fan and comment on our Facebook Page